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1 modo
mŏdŏ (scanned mŏdō, Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 23; Lucr. 2, 11, 35; Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 107; v. Corss. Ausspr. 2, p. 480; Lachm. ad Lucr. 2, p. 140), adv. [orig. abl. of modus, q. v.].I.Qs., by measure, expressing, like tantum, a restriction of the idea, only, merely, but.A.In gen.1.Affirmatively: ter sub armis malim vitam cernere, Quam semel modo parere, even once, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 81 Müll. (Trag. v. 298 Vahl.):2.semel modo,
only once, Plaut. Poen. 1, 3, 30:uni modo gessi morem,
id. Most. 1, 3, 43:hoc autem si ita sit, ut unum modo sensibus falsum videatur, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 101; cf.:quorum genera plura sunt: hi unum modo quale sit suspicantur,
id. Or. 9, 28:nec audiendi quidam, qui tres modo primas esse partes volunt,
Quint. 3, 3, 4:paulum modo,
Cic. Fam. 1, 5, b, 2; Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 15:perpauxillum modo,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 74; cf.:manus erat nulla, quae parvam modo causam timoris afferret,
Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 3:quae pacisci modo scis, sed quod pacta es, non scis solvere,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 88:ad ornandam modo, non augendam orationem assumuntur,
Quint. 8, 6, 39; cf. Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 69:solere modo non etiam oportere,
id. Off. 3, 4, 18:doctrina ac litterae secundis rebus delectationem modo habere videbantur, nunc vero etiam salutem,
id. Fam. 6, 12, 5:circi modo spectaculum fuerat,
Liv. 7, 2: modo facito ut illam serves, only see that, etc., Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 59:modo fac, ne quid aliud cures, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 16, 11, 1:aetatem velim servire, Libanum ut conveniam modo,
if I can only, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 8:modo ut tacere possis,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 9; cf.:concede, ut impune emerit, modo ut bonā ratione emerit,
if but. provided that, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 5, § 10:modo ut haec nobis loca tenere liceat,
id. Fam. 14, 14, 1.— For the expressions dummodo, solummodo, and tantummodo, v. dum, solum, and tantum.—Negatively: non modo... sed (verum) etiam (et, or simply sed), not only... but also:B.ut non modo secunda sperare debeas, sed etiam adversa fortissimo animo ferre,
Cic. Fam. 6, 13, 5:non modo agendo, verum etiam cogitando,
id. Cael. 19, 45:illum non modo favisse, sed et, etc.,
id. Att. 11, 9, 2:non modo falsum id esse, sed hoc verissimum,
id. Rep. 2, 44, 71.— As to these expressions, and also respecting the omission of a second non in the latter clause, v. under sed and non.—In partic., in restrictive clauses, for ullo or aliquo modo, in any way or degree, at all, only, even:b.servus est nemo, qui modo tolerabili conditione sit servitutis, qui, etc.,
who is in any tolerable condition, Cic. Cat. 4, 8, 16; cf.:quamquam quis ignorat, qui modo umquam mediocriter res istas scire curavit, quin, etc.,
id. Fl. 27, 64; and:quis est omnium, qui modo cum Musis habeat aliquod commercium, qui? etc.,
id. Tusc. 5, 23, 66:nemo aliter philosophus sensit, in quo modo esset auctoritas,
id. Div. 1, 39, 86; cf.: servitus, honorifica modo, Brut. ap. Cic. ad Brut. 1, 17, 4:tum quam plurimis modo dignis, se utilem praebent,
be they but worthy, Cic. Off. 1, 26, 92:bonis viris... faciendum est, modo pro facultatibus,
id. ib. 2, 17, 58:decerne, modo recte,
id. Rosc. Am. 48, 138:itaque veniam, quo vocas, modo adjutore te,
id. Att. 16, 13, a, 1:atque utinam posset aliquā ratione hoc crimen quamvis falsa, modo humana atque usitata defendere,
if only, id. Verr. 2, 3, 97, § 224.—Si modo, if only (freq.):c.tu si modo es Romae: vix enim puto, sin es, hoc vehementer animadvertas velim,
Cic. Att. 5, 8, 2:tute scis (si modo meministi) me tibi tum dixisse, etc.,
id. ib. 12, 18, 2:fortasse vici, si modo permansero,
id. ib. 12, 44, 3.— Poet. with subj.:si modo sola queant saxa tenere fidem,
Prop. 1, 18, 4.—Poet. and in jurid. Latin, modo si, for dummodo, if only, provided that:d.persequar inferius, modo si licet ordine ferri,
Ov. Tr. 2, 263:modo si ejus nomine opus fiat,
Dig. 39, 1, 18; 26, 2, 28; 19, 2, 19, § 10.—As a conjunction with subj., for dummodo, if only, provided that (freq. and class.):2.quos valetudo modo bona sit, tenuitas ipsa delectat,
Cic. Brut. 16, 64; id. Or. 9, 28:manent ingenia senibus, modo permaneat studium et industria,
id. Sen. 7, 22; Quint. 10, 1, 131:modo Juppiter adsit, Tertia lux classem Cretaeis sistet in oris,
Verg. A. 3, 116.—So, modo ne for dummodo ne, if only not, provided that not:quae de Sicinio audīsti, ea mihi probantur: modo ne illa exceptio in aliquem incurrat bene de nobis meritum,
Cic. Att. 5, 4, 3:si quis est paulo ad voluptates propensior, modo ne sit ex pecudum genere, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 30, 105; id. Ac. 2, 43, 132.—Modo non, like the Gr. monon ouchi, all but, almost, nearly, = propemodum (ante- and post-class.):3.modo non montes auri pollicens,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 17 Don.:favet Fabi gloriae, quae modo non suā contumeliā splendeat,
Liv. 10, 24, 11:pictor equum venientem, modo non vivum, comprehenderat,
Val. Max. 8, 11, ext. 7:modo non reclamante publico vigore,
Amm. 14, 7, 1; 16, 12, 16; 21, 14, 1; 22, 6, 2 al.—In colloq. lang. with imperatives, just, now, only:II.sequere hac modo,
Plaut. Men. 4, 1, 4:sedete hic modo,
id. Rud. 3, 3, 29:propera modo,
id. Men. 1, 4, 32:vide modo,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:ignem scrutare modo, inquam,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 276.—Indignantly:quin tu i modo,
begone now, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 182; so,i modo,
id. Stich. 3, 2, 23:tace modo,
be still now, id. As. 5, 2, 19.—With tu or vos ( poet. and post-class.):tu modo, dum licet, hunc fructum ne desere vitae,
Prop. 2, 15, 49; Verg. G. 3, 73:tu modo posce deos veniam,
id. A. 4, 50:vos modo, inquit, parcite,
Phaedr. 2, 8, 8; Curt. 9, 6, 24; 9, 2, 25.With specifications of time, like Gr. arti (reaching to the full measure of the time, fully).A.In gen.1.Of the pressent time, just now, just (ante-class. and poet.):2.quid? ego modo huic frater factus, dum intro eo atque exeo?
just now? Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 43:modo dolores, meatu, occipiunt,
Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 2 (evidenter hic modo temporis praesentis adverbium est, Don.):advenis modo,
id. Hec. 3, 5, 8 Don.:devoravi nomen imprudens modo,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 63:jam modo nunc possum contentus vivere parvo,
Tib. 1, 1, 25; cf.:peccare fuisset Ante satis, penitus modo nunc genus omne perosos Femineum,
Verg. A. 9, 141.—Of time just passed, just now, but this moment, a little while ago, lately (class.):3.nuper homines nobiles hujusmodi, judices, et quid dico nuper? immo vero modo ac plane paulo ante vidimus, qui, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7: Al. Ita uti dudum dixeras? Am. Dudum? quam dudum istuc factum est? Al. Temptas:jam dudum, pridem, modo,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 60: Ph. Quando? Do. Hodie. Ph. Quamdudum? Do. Modo, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 30:sum illi villae amicior modo factus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 2, 4:quaeras putemne talem esse deorum naturam, qualis modo a te sit exposita,
id. N. D. 1, 21, 57:declaravit id modo temeritas C. Caesaris,
id. Off. 1, 8, 26:modo hoc malum in rem publicam invasit,
id. ib. 2, 21, 75:si hodie bella sint, quale Gallicum modo (i. e. twenty-two years earlier),
Liv. 6, 40, 17; cf. id. 22, 14, 13; Cic. Div. 1, 44, 99.—Opp. to nunc: qui nunc primum te advenisse dicas, [p. 1156] modo qui hinc abieris, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 63:in quā urbe modo gratiā, auctoritate, gloriā floruimus, in eā nunc iis quidem omnibus caremus,
Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 2; id. Mur. 40, 86; 41, 88; Prop. 1, 18, 7.—With tunc, Tac. A. 2, 75.—Of time just to come, immediately, directly, in a moment (rare, and perh. not in Cic.):B.domum modo ibo,
Ter. And. 3, 4, 15; Liv. 26, 15:Artabanus tardari metu, modo cupidine vindictae inardescere,
Tac. A. 6, 32; 4, 50.—In partic.1.Modo... modo, now... now, at one moment... at another, sometimes... sometimes (class.):2.modo ait, modo negat,
sometimes he says Yes, and sometimes No, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 46:Cotta meus modo hoc, modo illud,
Cic. N. D. 1, 18, 47; id. Div. 2, 44, 93:modo his, modo illis ex partibus,
id. N. D. 2, 19, 49:o Academiam volaticam et sui similem, modo huc, modo illuc!
id. Att. 13, 25, 3:citus modo, modo tardus incessus,
Sall. C. 15, 5:laetos modo, modo pavidos animadverteres,
id. J. 60, 4:nebulonem modo, modo nugatorem appellat,
Liv. 38, 56.—Instead of modo... modo, we sometimes find:nunc... modo: nunc quereretur eundem accusatorem ac judicem esse, modo vitam sibi eripi, etc.,
Liv. 8, 32, 9.—Again, instead of the second modo (esp. in poets and in post-Aug. prose writers), we find:nunc aliquando, interdum, nonnumquam, saepe, rursus.—So, modo... nunc,
Ov. M. 13, 922; id. F. 4, 643; id. Tr. 1, 2, 27:modo ut reciperet imperium, nunc ut legatione fungeretur,
Tac. H. 2, 51:modo... aliquando,
id. A. 1, 81; 6, 35; 11, 34; 16, 10; id. H. 2, 74:modo... interdum,
Sall. J. 42, 1; 55, 9; 62, 9 Kritz.; 74, 1; Hor. S. 1, 9, 9 et saep.:modo... nonnumquam,
Suet. Tib. 66; id. Claud. 15; id. Calig. 52:modo... saepe,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 11:modo... modo... saepe,
Sall. J. 45, 2; Tac. H. 4, 84:modo... rursus,
Prop. 1, 3, 41.—Modo... tum (deinde, postea, etc.), at first... then, at one time... at another:sol modo accedens, tum autem recedens,
Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 102:(Xenophon) facit Socratem disputantem... et modo unum, tum autem plures deos,
id. ib. 1, 12, 31:et modo mundum, tum mentem divinam esse putat,
id. ib. 1, 13, 34; cf.:modo (Theophrastus) menti divinum tribuit principatum, modo caelo, tum autem signis sideribusque caelestibus,
id. ib. 1, 13, 35:et forte in eo loco grandis ilex coaluerat inter saxa paulum modo prona, deinde flexa, etc.,
Sall. J. 93, 4:modo... paulo post,
Val. Max. 7, 4, 5:modo... modo... postremum,
Tac. H. 4, 46:quid agerent, modo timentes, vicissim contemnentes religiones,
Cic. Leg. 2, 17, 43. -
2 modo
modo (modō, C. poët.), adv. (sometimes passing into a conj.) [abl. of modus]. I. In gen., by a measure, with a limit ; hence, only, merely, solely, simply, but, no more than: unum modo: oppido modo potiti, the bare town, S.: parvam modo causam timoris adferre, Cs.: delectationem modo habere, nunc vero etiam salutem: circi modo spectaculum fuerat, L.: modo ut haec nobis loca tenere liceat; see also dum, solum, tantum.—In urgent commands or wishes, only: modo facito ut illam serves, only be sure to, T.: modo fac, ne quid aliud cures: tu modo... impende laborem, V.: vos modo animos mihi adhibete, Cu.—In the phrase, modo non, only not, almost: modo non montīs auri pollicens, T.—In the phrase, non modo, much less: quos clientīs nemo habere velit, non modo illorum cliens esse.—Usu. followed by sed or verum, not only... but: non modo ceteri, sed tu ipse: ne non modo intrare, verum aspicere possim: non modo non credibiliter, sed ne suspi<*> ciose quidem: non modo honeste, verum etiam communi luce.—But non modo usu. stands for non modo non, before ne... quidem, when both clauses have the same predicate: non modo proditori, sed ne perfugae quidem locus fuit: ut id non modo neglegentiae meae, sed ne occupation<*> quidem tribuas.— II. In conditions, with ut and subj, if but, provided only, on condition that: scies Modo ut tacere possis, T.: concede, ut impune emerit, modo ut bonā ratione emerit.—As conj, if only, provided that, on condition that: manent ingenia senibus, modo permaneat industria: ea mihi probantur, modo ne illa exceptio incurrat, etc.—Elliptic, but, but yet, if only, however: decerne, modo recte: bonis viris faciendum est modo pro facultatibus: veniam quo vocas, modo adiutore te.—With relatives, in any degree, at all, only, merely, even: servus, qui modo tolerabili condicione sit servitutis: philosophus, in quo modo esset auctoritas: primi, quā modo praeirent duces, tamen signa sequebantur, wherever, L.—With si, if only, if but: tu si modo es Romae: scis, si modo meministi, etc.: Persequar inferius, modo si licet ordine ferre, O.— III. Of time, just now, just: La. advenis modo? Pa. admodum, T.: modo nunc, V.: modo iam, Tb.— Just now, but this moment, a little while ago, lately, recently: quid dico nuper?: immo vero modo ac plane paulo ante: quae modo consulem osculata filium suum, nunc cruciatur: si hodie bella sint, quale Gallicum modo, L.— Presently, immediately, directly, in a moment: domum modo ibo, T.: modo prohiberi etiam se senatūs consulto diceret, L.—In correlation, with modo repeated, or with another adv.: modo... modo, now... now, at one moment... at another, sometimes... sometimes: modo ait, modo negat, at times he says yes, at times no, T.: Cotta meus modo hoc, modo illud: citus modo, modo tardus incessus, S.: nunc... modo, L.: modo... Nunc, O.: nobilitas perculsa modo per socios, interdum per equites, S.: saepe cum anellis, modo laevā inani, H.: modo... modo... saepe, S.—With tum or deinde, at first... then, at one time... at another: sol modo accedens, tum autem recedens: dicere modo unum, tum autem plurīs deos: ilex, paulum modo prona, deinde flexa, S.* * *Ionly, merely; just now/recently, lately; presentlyIIbut, if only; but only -
3 sī
sī (old, sei), conj. [SOVO]-, as a conditional particle.—With indic., in conditions assumed as true, or (with fut.) which will probably be fulfilled, if, when, inasmuch as, since: si vis, dabo tibi testīs: si voluntas mea, si industria, si aures patent omnibus: magnifica quaedam res, si modo est ulia: si quisquam est facilis, hic est: si aliquid dandum est voluptati: istae artes, si modo aliquid, valent ut acuent ingenia: educ tecum omnīs tuos; si minus, quam plurimos: auferat omnia oblivio, si potest; si non, utrumque silentium tegat, L.: ignosce, Caesar, si rex cessit, etc.: non, si Opimium defendisti, idcirco, etc.: aut nemo, aut si quisquam, ille sapiens fuit: si Athenienses, sublato Areopago, nihil nisi populi scitis ac decretis agebant, etc.: si vis erat, si fraus, si metus: si neglegentiam dices, mirabimur: di persequar, si potero, subtilius: pergratum mihi feceris, si de amicitiā disputaris.—Esp. with pluperf., in indef. clauses of repeated action: plausum si quis eorum aliquando acceperat, ne quid peccasset pertimescebat, whenever: si quando forte suis fortunis desperare coeperant, Cs.—With subj praes. or perf., in conditions assumed as possible, if, even if, though: satis facere rei p. videmur, si istius furorem vitemus: si ad verba rem deflectere velimus: rem facias, rem, Si possis, recte; si non, quocumque modo rem, H.: innocens, si accusatus sit, absolvi potest.— With subj imperf. or pluperf., implying that the condition is contrary to fact, if: servi mei, si me isto pacto metuerent, domum meum relinquendam putarem: quod ne fecissent profecto, si nihil ad eos pertinere arbitrarentur: Si mihi, quae quondam fuerat... si nunc foret illa iuventus, V.— Followed by tamen, even if, although, albeit: quas si exsequi nequirem, tamen, etc.: quae si dubia essent, tamen, etc., S.: si aliter accidisset: si quis in caelum ascendisset, etc.—In the parenthetic phrase, si forte, perhaps, perchance: vereor, ne nihil sim tui, nisi supplosionem pedis imitatus et aliquem, si forte, motum.—With subj. (rarely indic.), in place of an inf, if, when, that: apud Graecos opprobrio fuit adulescentibus, si amatores non haberent (i. e. amatores non habere): illud ignoscere aequum erit, si... ne tuam quidem gloriam praeponam, etc., L.—In dependent questions, if, whether, if perchance: ut illum quaeram, Idque adeo visam, si domist, T.: fatis incerta feror, si Iuppiter unam Esse velit urbem, V.: primum ab iis quaesivit, si aquam hominibus... imposuissent, L.: statui expectandum esse si quid certius adferretur.—In expressing a wish (poet. for utinam), usu. with O, if only, would that, O that: o si angulus ille accedat, qui, etc., H.: Si nunc se nobis ille aureus arbore ramus Ostendat nemore in tanto! would that, V.—With a relat., to express a class vaguely or doubtfully, if there be any such, whoever they may be: mortem proponit... eis etiam si qui non moleste tulerunt: dimissis, si qui parum idonei essent, L.—In clauses of purpose, if, in order to, to try whether, to see if, that if possible: Minucium cum omni equitatu praemittit, si quid celeritate itineris proficere possit, to see whether, Cs.: neque ullum munus despiciens, si in Caesaris complexum venire posset, Cs.: pergit ad speluncam, si forte eo vestigia ferrent, L.—In clauses of contingency, against the case that: haud aspernatus Tullius, tamen, si vana adferantur, in aciem educit, in order to be ready, if, etc., L.: ille postea, si comitia sua non fierent, urbi minari, i. e. threatened an attack if, etc.: erat reo damnato, si fraus capitalis non esset, quasi poenae aestimatio: quattuor legiones Cornelio, si qui ex Etruriā novi motūs nuntiarentur, relictae, to be ready, in case, etc., L.* * *if, if only; whetherquod si -- but if; si quis/quid -- if anyone/anything
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4 demum
dēmum (also demus, like prorsus, quorsus, rursus, deorsus, Liv. Andr. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 70, 8 Müll.; Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 51 Ritschl and Brix), adv. [a sup. form from de, downmost; cf.: sub, summus], used to give prominence to an idea in opposition to or restriction of another, at length, at last, not till then; just, precisely; only, etc.I.In Latin of every period and description of writing (for syn. cf.: tandem, denique, postremum, primo).A.Enclitically with pronouns, like adeo (but less freq.), just, precisely, especially, exactly, indeed; also translated by an emphasis of the pronoun:(β).id demum lepidumst,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 14; cf.:sic sentio, id demum aut potius id solum esse miserum, quod turpe sit,
Cic. Att. 8, 8 init.:idem velle atque idem nolle, ea demum firma amicitia est,
Sall. C. 20, 4; cf. id. ib. 12 fin.:relinquere aculeum in audientium animis is demum potest, qui, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 18:tamquam ad eam linguam demum natus esset,
Quint. 6 prooem. §11: me fortuna hac demum voluit consistere terra,
Verg. A. 1, 629; cf. id. ib. 2, 743 al.:ille demum antiquis est adulescens moribus,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 20:per quaedam parva sane, si ipsa demum aestimes, ducunt,
Quint. 1, 10, 5:vos demum, ut video, legem antiquastis sine tabella. Sed ego, etc.,
Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 38 (but Bait. vos quidem):quae demum causae secundam valetudinem praestent, Cels. praef.: jam vero exsilium, si rerum naturam, non ignominiam nominis quaerimus, quantum demum a perpetua peregrinatione differt?
Cic. Tusc. 5, 37, 107:sciscitando eo demum pervenit, ut haud procul esset, quin Remum agnosceret,
Liv. 1, 5 fin. —Strengthened by a preceding verum enim vero, or a following profecto:(γ).verum enim vero id demum juvat, si quem, etc.,
Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 2; Sall. C. 2, 9; cf. Liv. 4, 4:is demum profecto vitam aequa lance pensitabit, etc.,
Plin. 7, 7, 5.—Separated from the pronoun:B.hoc est demum quod percrucior,
Plaut. Bac. 5, 1, 13:illa seges demum,
Verg. G. 1, 47.—Enclitically with the adverbs nunc, tum, or tunc, post, modo, jam, ibi, sic, etc.; just, precisely, not till; also freq. expressed by more strongly accenting those particles.—a.Nunc demum, Gr. nun dê, now, now at length, at last (cf.: nunc adeo, under 2. adeo, no. B. 2. c.):(β).nunc demum ego cum illa fabulabor libere,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 40;so with scio,
id. Epid. 3, 4, 22; id. Mil. 2, 6, 62;with intellego,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 12; cf.:nunc demum rescribo iis litteris, quas, etc.,
Cic. Att. 16, 3; and:undevicesimo aetatis anno dicere in foro coepi et nunc demum, quid praestare debeat orator, adhuc tamen per caliginem video,
yet it is only now that I am at length beginning to see, Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 8 et saep.—In Plautus with following conjunctions, cum, quoniam, etc.:(γ).nunc demum a me insipienter factum esse arbitror, Cum rem cognosco,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 80; cf. id. Rud. 4, 4, 78.—Separated by pol, edepol, or other words:b.nunc pol demum ego sum liber,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 14:nunc edepol demum in memoriam regredior, cum cogito, etc.,
id. Capt. 5, 4; 25; id. Cas. 4, 4, 14; id. Aul. 1, 2, 1:heu, nunc misero mihi demum Exsilium infelix!
Verg. A. 10, 849.—Tum demum, then at length, then indeed (so most freq., esp. in the historians;(β).in Caes. only in this connection): tum demum Liscus oratione Caesaris adductus, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 50, 2; 1, 51, 2; Liv. 2, 20; 3, 12; Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6; Verg. A. 6, 330; 573; id. G. 3, 205; Ov. F. 4, 615 et saep.:utraque re satis experta tum demum consules,
Liv. 2, 29.—With foll. conjunct. ubi, si, cum, etc. (and in Plautus also separate; cf. above, no. 1. b. and c.):c.ubi expolivero, Magis hoc tum demum dices,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 61; Sall. J. 46; Cels. 7, 27 fin.:si id facies, tum demum scibis, etc.,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 56; id. Men. 2, 2, 71; Cic. Rep. 1, 24; cf. with quodsi, Att. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10, 4:ac tum demum, cum medium tenuere, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 8, 20, 7:tum tu igitur demum id adulescenti aurum dabis, Ubi, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 52.—Once in this connection demum alone:servata res est demum, si illam videro,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 68.—Tunc demum (cf. Drak. Liv. 41, 3, 5):d.tunc demum intelleges, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 121; Suet. Calig. 9; Vulg. Gen. 41, 9; and with cum, Col. praef. fin.;with ubi,
Cels. 3, 6, and 10.—Post demum, afterwards, not till after:e.post eum demum huc cras adducam,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 65:post igitur demum, etc.,
id. Amph. 3, 1, 16.—With post as praep.: unas enim post idus Martias, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 4:post biduum demum,
Suet. Aug. 10 fin. —Modo demum, only now, now for the first time:f.modone id demum sensti,
Ter. And. 5, 3, 11.—Jam demum, now at last, now (cf. dê... êdê, Eurip. Suppl. 980;g.Troad. 235),
Ov. Tr. 2, 8.—Ibi demum, just there:h.illic ibi demum'st locus, ubi, etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 3; Quint. 10, 3, 13:ibi demum morte quievit,
Verg. A. 9, 445; cf. id. ib. 1, 629; Stat. Th. 2, 474; id. Silv. 2, 3, 14; cf.also ibi demum, of time,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 53.—Sic demum:k.sic demum socios consumpta nocte reviso,
Verg. A. 2, 795; 6, 154.—Ita demum, Vulg. 2 Mac. 6, 15.—2.With the abl. temp. or absol.:C.ego novus maritus anno demum quinto et sexagesimo fiam?
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 15:decimo demum pugnavimus anno,
Ov. M. 13, 209:quarta vix demum exponimur hora,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 23:hieme demum,
Plin. Ep. 7, 2, 2:pontificatum maximum, quem numquam vivo Lepido auferre sustinuerat, mortuo demum suscepit,
Suet. Aug. 31; cf.:appellato demum collegio obtinuit,
id. Caes. 23:his demum exactis,
Verg. A. 6, 637:noctu demum rex recessit,
Curt. 7, 11, 20.—And once with the nominative of the part. perf.:damnatus demum, vi coactus reddidit Mille et ducentos Philippos,
i. e. not until condemned, Plaut. Bac. 2, 4, 38.—To add emphasis to the idea contained in a proposition, in fact, in very truth, certainly, indeed (rare):II.ea sunt enim demum non ferenda in mendacio, quae, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 2, 15:immemor est demum, nec frugum munere dignus, qui, etc.,
Ov. M. 15, 122; Quint. 10, 6, 5;so to strengthen a comparative (cf.: adeo, etiam): latius demum ire,
further yet, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 156:num expositio haec longior demum esse debeat,
Quint. 4, 2, 79.—In postAug. Latin.A.Only, solely, exclusively ( = duntaxat, tantum, solum, tantummodo, modo): ne vulgarem viam ingressus, alienis demum vestigiis insisterem, Quint. prooem. § 3; id. 2, 15, 1:b.adeo suis demum oculis credidit,
id. 11, 3, 68: quaedam (verba) tertiae demum personae figura dicuntur, ut licet, piget, id. 1, 4, 29: [p. 545] qui (Cicero) non assecutus esset docendo judicem tantum et utiliter demum ac Latine perspicueque dicendo, ut, etc., id. 8, 3, 3 et saep.:nihil magis pro contione testatus est, quam id demum se habiturum, quod, etc.,
but just that, Suet. Oth. 6 et saep.:ut non is demum sit veneficus, qui vitam abstulit data potione, sed etiam qui mentem,
Quint. 9, 2, 105; cf.with the following verum etiam,
id. 7 prooem. § 1.—Ita demum, only so; then or in that case only; not till then ( = tum demum);B.esp. freq. in conditional propositions: si plus humoris excernitur quam assumitur, ita demum secundae valetudinis spes est,
Cels. 3, 21; Plin. Ep. 3, 3, 2; Suet. Claud. 25 al.—To point out something as taking place only after previous delay, at length, at last = tandem:* 2.quod oppidum Hispaniae frustra diu oppugnatum illitis demum galbano facibus succenderit,
Suet. Galb. 3; cf. corresp. with tandem, id. Calig. 6.—For denique no. II. 2, finally, in fine:ex quibus alium Ciceroni, alium Caesari, singulis demum singulos opponeremus,
Tac. Or. 26 fin. Cf. Hand Turs. II. p. 250-260; Zumpt ad Curt. 6, 39, 25; Mützell ad Curt. 3, 7, 8; 3, 22, 26. -
5 utinam
utinam adv. [uti (see ut)+nam], oh that! I wish that! if only! would to heaven! would that!: utinam id sit, quod spero, T.: utinam tibi istam mentem di inmortales duint: utinam, Quirites, virorum fortium copiam tantam haberetis: utinam promissa liceret Non dare! O.: habetis sermonem bene longum hominis, utinam non impudentis! not, I trust: quod utinam, iterum utinam, tuo tamen commodo!: illud utinam ne vere scriberem!: haec ad te die natali meo scripsi, quo utinam susceptus non essem!: Utinam nec... nec, would that neither... nor, Ph.* * *if only, would that -
6 aedilis
aedīlis, is, m. (abl. aedili, Tac. A. 12, 64; Serv. ad Verg. A. 7, 4; Dig. 18, 6, 13;► Plaut.but aedile is more usual,
Charis. p. 96 P.; Varr. 1, 22; Cic. Sest. 44, 95; Liv. 3, 31; Plin. 7, 48, 49, § 158; Inscr. Orell. 3787, 8; cf. Schneid. Gr. II. p. 221; Koffm. s. v.) [aedes], an œdile, a magistrate in Rome who had the superintendence of public buildings and works, such as temples, theatres, baths, aqueducts, sewers, highways, etc.; also of private buildings, of markets, provisions, taverns, of weights and measures (to see that they were legal), of the expense of funerals, and other similar functions of police. The class. passages applying here are: Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 42; Varr. L. L. 5, § 81 Müll.; Cic. Leg. 3, 3; id. Verr. 2, 5, 14; id. Phil. 9, 7; Liv. 10, 23; Tac. A. 2, 85; Juv. 3, 162; 10, 101; Fest. s. h. v. p. 12; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 8, 3 and 6.—Further, the aediles, esp. the curule ædiles (two in number), were expected to exhibit public spectacles; and they often lavished the most exorbitant expenses upon them, in order to prepare their way toward higher offices, Cic. Off. 2, 16; Liv. 24, 33; 27, 6. They inspected the plays before exhibition in the theatres, and rewarded or punished the actors according to their deserts, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 148; id. Cist. ep. 3;for this purpose they were required by oath to decide impartially,
Plaut. Am. prol. 72.—It was the special duty of the aediles plebeii (of whom also there were two) to preserve the decrees of the Senate and people in the temple of Ceres, and in a later age in the public treasury, Liv. 3, 55. The office of the aediles curules (so called from the sella curulis, the seat on which they sat for judgment (v. curulis), while the aediles plebeii sat only on benches, subsellia) was created A.U.C. 387, for the purpose of holding public exhibitions, Liv. 6, 42, first from the patricians, but as early as the following year from the plebeians also, Liv. 7, 1.—Julius Cæsar created also the office of the two aediles Cereales, who had the superintendence of the public granaries and other provisions,
Suet. Caes. 41.—The free towns also had ædiles, who were often their only magistrates, Cic. Fam. 13, 11; Juv. 3, 179; 10, 102; Pers. 1, 130; v. further in Smith's Dict. Antiq. and Niebuhr's Rom. Hist. 1, 689 and 690.uses the word once adject.: aediles ludi, œdilic sports, Poen. 5, 2, 52. -
7 aequo
aequo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [aequus].I.Act., to make one thing equal to another; constr. with cum and (in gen. in the histt.) with dat., and with cop. conj. (cf. adaequo).(α).With cum:(β).inventum est temperamentum, quo tenuiores cum principibus aequari se putarent,
Cic. Leg. 3, 10:cum suas quisque opes cum potentissimis aequari videat,
Caes. B. G. 6, 22:numerum (corporum) cum navibus,
Verg. A. 1, 193.—With dat.:(γ).Insedabiliter sitis arida, corpora mersans, Aequabat multum parvis umoribus imbrem,
an unquenchable, burning thirst... made the most copious stream seem to them as only a few drops, Lucr. 6, 1176:per somnum vinumque dies noctibus aequare,
Liv. 31, 41:aequavit togatus armati gloriam collegae,
id. 4, 10, 8:cujus magnitudini semper animum aequavit,
id. 33, 21, 3 (but in id. 6, 20, 8, facta dictis aequando, dictis is abl.; v Weissenb. ad h. l.); Vell. 2, 127;aequare solo templum,
to level with the ground, Tac. A. 1, 51;so domum,
Quint. 3, 7, 20, and Aur. Vict. Vir. lllustr. 17. 5;and in an extended sense: Scipio Numantiam excisam aequavit solo,
Vell. 2, 4.—Hence, trop.: solo aequandae sunt dictaturae consulatusque, entirely abolished, Liv 6, 18.—With cop. conj.:B.Curios aequare Fabriciosque,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 18, 2. — Poet.:si protinus illum Aequāsset nocti ludum,
had played through the whole night, Verg. A. 9, 338.—Hence also,In comparison, to place a thing on an equality with, to compare.; in Cic. with cum; later with dat.:C.aequare et conferre scelera alicujus cum aliis,
Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 8:ne aequaveritis Hannibali Philippum, ne Carthaginiensibus Macedonas: Pyrrho certe aequabitis,
Liv. 31, 7:Deum homini non aequabo,
Vulg. Job, 32, 21:quis in nubibus aequabitur Domino,
ib. Psa. 88, 7.—Of places, to make level, even, or smooth:D.aequata agri planities,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48;and trop.: aequato discrimine,
at an equal distance, Lucr. 5, 690:aequato omnium periculo,
Caes. B. G. 1, 25:aequato Marte,
Liv. 1, 25:aequato jure omnium,
id. 2, 3.— Poet.: ibant aequati numero, [p. 58] divided into equal parts, Verg. A. 7, 698:foedera regum Vel Gabiis vel cum rigidis aequata Sabinis, i. e. aequis legibus icta,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 25; cf.:si foedus est, si societas aequatio juris est... cur non omnia aequantur?
placed in the same circumstances? Liv. 8, 4.—T. t.1.Aequare frontem, milit. t., to make an equal front, Liv. 5, 38:2.aequatis frontibus,
Tib. 4, 1, 102; v. frons.—Aequare sortes, to see that the lots are equal in number to those who draw, of the same material, and each with a different name. The classical passage for this phrase is Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 35: conicite sortes: uxor, aequa (sc. eas); v. the preceding verses. So Cic. Fragm. Or. Corn. 1, p. 449 Orell.: dum sitella defertur, dum aequantur sortes, dum sortitio fit, etc.—II.Neutr. or act., to become equal to one, to equal, come up to, attain to (mostly in the histt.); constr. with dat., but oftener with acc. (cf. adaequo and aequipero, and Zumpt, §389, 1): qui jam illis fere aequārunt,
Cic. Off. 1, 1, 3; Ov. M. 6, 21:ea arte aequāsset superiores reges, ni, etc.,
Liv. 1, 53; so,cursu equum,
id. 31, 35;for which Curtius: cursum alicujus, 4, 1: gloriam alicujus,
Suet. Caes. 55:eam picturam imitati sunt multi, aequavit nemo,
Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 126; Luc. 3, 456.— Poet.: sagitta aequans ventos, like the winds in swiftness, Verg. A. 10, 248:valet nondum munia comparis Aequare (juvenca),
i. e. cannot yet draw even with her mate, Hor. C. 2, 5, 2. -
8 seic
sīc (old form sīce, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 12; also seic, C. I. L. 818), adv. [for si - ce; si, locat. form of pron. stem sa- = Gr. ho, ha, or hê, and demonstr. -ce; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 777], so, thus, in this or that manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise, to this or that extent or degree, to such a degree, in this or that state or condition, in such a condition (syn. ita); sic refers, I. To a previous fact, description, or assumption.—II. To a subsequent independent sentence, = thus, as follows. —III. As a local demonstrative (deiktikôs), referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, = thus, as I do it; thus, as you see, etc.—IV. As a correlative, preceding or following clauses introduced by conjunctions. —V. In certain idiomatic connections.I.Referring to something said before, = hoc modo: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei publicae evertit, so, i. e. in the manner mentioned, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3:2.sic et nata et progressa eloquentia videtur,
id. Inv. 1, 2, 3:facinus indignum Sic circumiri,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,
Caes. B. G. 7, 23:arare mavelim quam sic amare,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 21:sic se res habet,
Cic. Brut. 18, 71:sic regii constiterant,
Liv. 42, 58:sic res Romana in antiquum statum rediit,
id. 3, 9, 1:sic ad Alpes perventum est,
Tac. H. 1, 84; cf. Enn. Ann. 1, 104; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 88; Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86; 2, 32, 100; id. de Or. 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 201; 3, 29, 117; id. Brut. 40, 149; id. Rep. 2, 14, 27; 2, 20, 35; id. Lael. 9, 32; Liv. 4, 11, 5; 6, 17, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 19; 6, 30; 7, 62.—Often sic does not qualify the main predicate, but a participle or adjective referring to it:sic igitur instructus veniat ad causas,
Cic. Or. 34, 121:cum sic affectos dimisisset,
Liv. 21, 43, 1:sic omnibus copiis fusis se in castra recipiunt,
Caes. B. G. 3, 6:sic milites consolatus eodem die reducit in castra,
id. ib. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 62; Ov. M. 1, 32.—In a parenthet. clause (= ita):3.quae, ut sic dicam, ad corpus pertinent civitatis,
so to speak, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168:commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur,
id. Brut. 90, 310; cf. id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. Lael. 11, 39; Liv. 7, 31; Ov. M. 4, 660; 13, 597; 13, 866.—Referring not to the predicate, but to some intermediate term understood (= ita; cf.4.Engl. so): sic provolant duo Fabii (= sic loquentes),
Liv. 2, 46, 7:sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (sic = ut sic agerem),
Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6:tibi enim ipsi sic video placere (sic = sic faciendo),
id. ib. 4, 6, 2:sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (= ut sic agam),
id. ib. 5, 20, 1:sic enim statuerat (= hoc faciendum esse),
id. Phil. 5, 7, 208:Quid igitur? Non sic oportet? Equidem censeo sic (sic = hoc fieri),
id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere),
Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 25:sic soleo amicos (i. e. beare),
id. Eun. 2, 2, 48:sic memini tamen (= hoc ita esse),
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:haec sic audivi (= ita esse),
id. Ep. 3, 1, 79:sic prorsus existimo (= hoc ita esse),
Cic. Brut. 33, 125:quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (= hoc facere),
Ov. M. 5, 178.—As completing object, = hoc:5.iis litteris respondebo: sic enim postulas (= hoc postulas),
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 1:hic adsiste. Sic volo (= hoc volo, or hoc te facere volo),
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15:sic fata jubent (= hoc jubent, or hoc facere jubent),
Ov. M. 15, 584:hic apud nos hodie cenes. Sic face,
Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 8:sic faciendum est,
Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2.—Predicatively with esse (appellari, videri, etc.), in the sense of talis:6.sic vita hominum est (= talis),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:vir acerrimo ingenio—sic enim fuit,
id. Or. 5, 18:familiaris noster—sic est enim,
id. Att. 1, 18, 6:sic est vulgus,
id. Rosc. Com. 10, 20:sic, Crito, est hic,
Ter. And. 5, 4, 16: sic sum;si placeo, utere,
id. Phorm. 3, 2, 42:sic sententiest,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 90:sic est (= sic res se habet),
that is so, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21:qui sic sunt (i. e. vivunt) haud multum heredem juvant,
id. Hec. 3, 5, 10:nunc hoc profecto sic est,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 42:sic est. Non muto sententiam,
Sen. Ep. 10; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 35; id. Am. 2, 1, 60; id. Aul. 2, 4, 43; id. As. 5, 2, 12; id. Most. 4, 3, 40; Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; id. Eun. 3, 1, 18; id. Ad. 3, 3, 44; Cic. Lael. 1, 5; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Or. 14, 46.—Rarely as subject (mostly representing a subject-clause):B.sic commodius esse arbitror quam manere hanc (sic = abire),
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 31:si sic (= hoc) est factum, erus damno auctus est,
id. Heaut. 4, 1, 15: Pe. Quid? Concidit? Mi. Sic suspicio est (= eam concidisse), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:mihi sic est usus (= sic agere),
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 28:sic opus est (= hoc facere),
Ov. M. 1, 279; 2, 785.—To express relations other than manner (rare).1.Of consequence; un der these circumstances, accordingly, hence:2.sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur,
Liv. 1, 5, 4:sic et habet quod uterque eorum habuit, et explevit quod utrique defuit,
Cic. Brut. 42, 154:sic victam legem esse, nisi caveant,
Liv. 4, 11, 5:suavis mihi ructus est. Sic sine modo,
Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 17. —Of condition; on this condition, if this be done, etc.:3.reliquas illius anni pestes recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.,
Cic. Sest. 25, 55: displiceas aliis;sic ego tutus ero (sic = si displicebis),
Tib. 4, 13, 6:Scironis media sic licet ire via (sic = si amantes eunt),
Prop. 4, 15 (3, 16), 12:sic demum lucos Stygios Aspicies (= non aspicies, nisi hoc facies),
Verg. A. 6, 154 (for sic as antecedent of si, v. infra, IV. 5).—Of intensity:II.non latuit scintilla ingenii: sic erat in omni sermone sollers (= tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium),
Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37; cf. infra, IV. 4.Referring to a subsequent sentence, thus, as follows, in the following manner (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, hujusmodi, ad hunc modum):2.ingressus est sic loqui Scipio: Catonis hoc senis est, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1 (cf.:tum Varro ita exorsus est,
id. Ac. 1, 4, 15): hunc inter pugnas Servilius sic compellat, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 Vahl.):puero sic dicit pater: Noster esto,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38:sic faciam: adsimulabo quasi quam culpam in sese admiserint,
id. Stich. 1, 2, 27 dub.:salem candidum sic facito: amphoram puram impleto, etc.,
Cato, R. R. 88: sic enim dixisti:Vidi ego tuam lacrimulam,
Cic. Planc. 31, 76:res autem se sic habet: composite et apte sine sententiis dicere insania est,
the truth is this, id. Or. 71, 236:sic loquere, sic vive: vide, ne te ulla res deprimat,
Sen. Ep. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 10, 1; Cato, R. R. 77 sqq.; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 177; Ter. Phorm. prol. 13; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 21, 29; 4, 4, 30; Cic. [p. 1691] Inv. 1, 39, 71; id. Or. 1, 45, 198; 2, 40, 167; 2, 40, 172; id. Att. 2, 22, 1; 5, 1, 3; 6, 1, 3; Verg. A. 1, 521.—Esp., with ellipsis of predicate:3.ego sic: diem statuo, etc. (sc. ago),
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16.—Sometimes sic introduces detached words: sic loqui nosse, judicasse vetant, novisse jubent et judicavisse (= they forbid to say nosse, etc.), Cic. Or. 47, 157.—For instance (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, ut hoc, verbi gratia, ut si; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91 sq. infra):III.disjunctum est, cum unumquodque certo concluditur verbo,
Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37:mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic: Stultitia est immensa gloriae cupiditas,
Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91.As a local demonstrative, thus, so, etc. (deiktikôs; colloq.;IV.mostly comice): ne hunc ornatum vos meum admiremini, quod ego processi sic cum servili schema,
as you see me now, Plaut. Am. prol. 117:sed amictus sic hac ludibundus incessi,
id. Ps. 5, 1, 31:nec sic per totam infamis traducerer urbem,
Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 7:sic ad me, miserande, redis?
Ov. M. 11, 728; cf. Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—So accompanied with a corresponding gesture:Quid tu igitur sic hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus?
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 25: Pe. Quid si curram? Tr. Censeo. Pe. An sic potius placide? (the speaker imitating the motion), id. Rud. 4, 8, 10:non licet te sic placidule bellam belle tangere?
id. ib. 2, 4, 12:quod non omnia sic poterant conjuncta manere,
Lucr. 5, 441.—Here belong the phrases sic dedero, sic dabo, sic datur, expressing a threat of revenge, or satisfaction at another's misfortune: sic dedero! aere militari tetigero lenunculum,
I will give it to him, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 6; id. As. 2, 4, 33:sic dabo!
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 38:doletne? hem, sic datur si quis erum servos spernit,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 21:sic furi datur,
id. Stich. 5, 5, 25; so id. Men. 4, 2, 46.—Referring to an act just performed by the speaker:sic deinde quicunque alius transiliet moenia mea (= sic pereat, quicunque deinde, etc.),
Liv. 1, 7, 2:sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem,
so will every one fare who, id. 1, 26, 5:sic... Cetera sit fortis castrorum turba tuorum (= sic ut interfeci te),
Ov. M. 12, 285.—So with a comp.-clause expressed:sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum legatum jacentem videtis,
Liv. 8, 6, 6; cf. id. 1, 24, 8 (v. IV. 1. infra).As correlative, with, 1. A comparative clause (sic far more frequent than ita); 2. A contrasted clause, mostly with ut; 3. A modal clause, with ut (ita more freq. than sic); 4. A clause expressing intensity, introduced by ut; 5. A conditional clause (rare; ita more freq.); 6. With a reason, introduced by quia (ante-class. and very rare); 7. With an inf. clause; 8. With ut, expressing purpose or result.1.With comp. clauses, usu. introduced by ut, but also by quemadmodum (very freq.), sicut, velut, tamquam, quasi, quomodo, quam (rare and poet.), ceu (rare; poet. and post-class.), quantus (rare and poet.), qualis (ante-class. and rare).(α).With ut:(β).ut cibi satietas subamara aliqua re relevatur, sic animus defessus audiendi admiratione redintegratur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:ut non omnem frugem, neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vita nascitur,
id. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:ex suo regno sic Mithridates profugit ut ex eodem Ponto Medea quondam profugisse dicitur,
id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:ut tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus de Themistocle finxit,
id. Brut. 11, 42:sic moneo ut filium, sic faveo ut mihi, sic hortor ut et pro patria et amicissimum,
id. Fam. 10, 5, 3:ut vita, sic oratione durus fuit,
id. Brut. 31, 117:de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo,
id. Att. 4, 6, 1:sic est ut narro tibi,
Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 40; Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28; id. Div. 2, 30, 93; id. de Or. 1, 33, 153; 3, 51, 198; Liv. 1, 47, 2; 2, 52, 7; Ov. M. 1, 495; 1, 539; 2, 165 et saep.—So in the formula ut quisque... sic (more freq. ita), rendered by according as, or the more... the...:ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt postprincipia denique,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 3:ut quaeque res est tur pissima, sic maxime et maturissime vindicanda est,
Cic. Caecin. 2, 7; v. Fischer, Gr. II. p. 751.—With quemadmodum: quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator, nisi multitudine audiente, eloquens esse non potest, Cic. Or. 2, 83, 338:(γ).quemadmodum se tribuni gessissent in prohibendo dilectu, sic patres in lege prohibenda gerebant,
Liv. 3, 11, 3:sic vestras hallucinationes fero, quemadmodum Juppiter ineptias poetarum,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 6; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 33; 2, 8, 28; 2, 27, 82; id. Or. 3, 52, 200; id. Lael. 4, 16; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 2, 13, 8; 5, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 5, 6 (bis); id. Clem. 1, 3, 5; id. Vit. Beat. 23, 4.—With sicut:(δ).tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit,
Cic. Brut. 64, 230; 46, 112; id. Or. 2, 44, 186; id. Clu. 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Liv. 4, 57, 11; 7, 13, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 2.—With velut:(ε).velut ipse in re trepida se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse,
Liv. 4, 41, 6; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; Verg. A. 1, 148; Ov. M. 4, 375; 4, 705.—With tamquam:(ζ).tamquam litteris in cera, sic se ajebat imaginibus quae meminisse vellet, perscribere,
Cic. Or. 2, 88, 360:quid autem ego sic adhuc egi, tamquam integra sit causa patriciorum?
Liv. 10, 8:sic Ephesi fui, tamquam domi meae,
Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1; cf. id. Or. 2, 42, 180; id. Brut. 18, 71; 58, 213; 66, 235; 74, 258; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; 2, 14, 1; id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31; Sen. Ep. 101, 7.—With quasi:(η).hujus innocentiae sic in hac calamitosa fama, quasi in aliqua perniciosissima flamma subvenire,
Cic. Clu. 1, 4:ea sic observabo quasi intercalatum non sit,
id. Att. 6, 1, 12:Quid tu me sic salutas quasi dudum non videris?
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 51; cf. Cic. Or. 2, 11, 47; id. Inv. 1, 3, 4; id. Sen. 8, 26:ego sic vivam quasi sciam, etc.,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 3.—With quomodo:(θ).quomodo nomen in militiam non daret debilis, sic ad iter quod inhabile sciat, non accedet,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 3 (30), 4:sic demus quomodo vellemus accipere,
id. Ben. 2, 1, 1; id. Ep. 9, 17; id. Ot. Sap. 6, 2 (32 med.); Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—With ceu:(ι).ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... sic Martem indomitum Cernimus,
Verg. A. 2, 438.—With quam:(κ).non sic incerto mutantur flamine Syrtes, quam cito feminea non constat foedus in ira,
Prop. 2, 9, 33; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 281.—With quantus:(λ).nec sic errore laetatus Ulixes... nec sic Electra... quanta ego collegi gaudia,
Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 5 sqq.—With qualis:(μ).imo sic condignum donum quali'st quoi dono datum est,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 40.—Without a correlative particle, in an independent sentence:2.Quis potione uti aut cibo dulci diutius potest? sic omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium finitimum est (= ut nemo cibo dulci uti diutius potest, sic, etc.),
Cic. Or. 3, 25, 100; cf. id. ib. 19, 63.—In contrasted clauses, mostly with ut, which may generally be rendered while: ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum acer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est (almost = etsi ad bella suscipienda... tamen mollis est, etc., while, etc.), Caes. B. G. 3, 19: a ceteris oblectationibus ut deseror, sic litteris sustentor et recreor, while I am deserted, I am sustained, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 18, 55; id. Fam. 10, 20, 2; Liv. 4, 57, 11; Ov. M. 4, 131; 11, 76.—So freq. two members of the same sentence are coordinated by ut... sic (ita) with almost the same force as a co-ordination by cum... tum, or by sed:3.consul, ut fortasse vere, sic parum utiliter in praesens certamen respondit (= vere fortasse, sed parum utiliter),
Liv. 4, 6, 2:ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit,
id. 6, 32, 6:(forma erat) ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis,
Ov. M. 14, 509; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 2; 5, 38, 2; 6, 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 370.—In this use etiam or quoque is sometimes joined with sic (never by Cic. with ita):nostri sensus, ut in pace semper, sic tum etiam in bello congruebant (= cum... tum),
Cic. Marcell. 6, 16:ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes,
id. Sen. 6, 20:utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses,
id. Phil. 1, 13, 33:ut superiorum aetatum studia occidunt, sic occidunt etiam senectutis,
id. Sen. 20, 76:ut voce, sic etiam oratione,
id. Or. 25, 85; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Leg. 2, 25, 62; id. Lael. 5, 19.—More rarely with quem ad modum, quomodo:ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate,
id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37. —With a clause of manner introduced by ut = so that:4.sic fuimus semper comparati ut hominum sermonibus quasi in aliquod judicium vocaremur,
Cic. Or. 3, 9, 32:eam sic audio ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,
id. ib. 3, 12, 45:sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis,
id. ib. 3, 12, 46:omnia sic suppetunt ut ei nullam deesse virtutem oratoris putem,
id. Brut. 71, 250:omnis pars orationis esse debet laudabilis, sic ut verbum nullum excidat,
id. Or. 36, 125:sic tecum agam ut vel respondendi vel interpellandi potestatem faciam,
id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:nec vero sic erat umquam non paratus Milo contra illum ut non satis fere esset paratus,
id. Mil. 21, 56:sic eum eo de re publica disputavit ut sentiret sibi cum viro forti esse pugnandum,
id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 4, 49; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82; Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245; 2, 1, 3; 2, 6, 23; id. Brut. 22, 88; 40, 148; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Planc. 10, 25; id. Fam. 5, 15, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 32; 5, 17; id. B. C. 3, 56; Prop. 1, 21, 5.—Sometimes the correlative clause is restrictive, and sic = but so, yet so, only so:mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, hominis acuti magis quam eruditi,
Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4:sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur etc.,
id. Inv. 1, 46, 86; id. Brut. 79, 274; id. Marcell. 11, 34; id. Att. 13, 3, 1 (ita is more freq. in this sense).—With a clause expressing intensity (so both with adjj. and verbs; but far less freq. than ita, tam, adeo), to such a degree, so, so far, etc.:5.sic ego illum in timorem dabo, ipse sese ut neget esse eum qui siet,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20 sq.:conficior lacrimis sic ut ferre non possim,
Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1:sic rem fuisse apertam ut judicium fieri nihil attinuerit,
id. Inv. 2, 28, 84:cujus responso judices sic exarserunt ut capitis hominem innocentissimum condemnarent,
id. Or. 1, 54, 233; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 29; id. Brut. 88, 302; id. Or. 53, 177; 55, 184; id. Rep. 2, 21, 37; 3, 9, 15; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Planc. 8, 21; id. Verr. 1, 36, 91; id. Balb. 5, 13; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; 1, 16, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 1.—Rarely conditional clauses have the antecedent sic.a.Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, to represent the result of the condition as sure:b.sic invidiam effugies, si te non ingesseris oculis, si bona tua non jactaveris, si scieris in sinu gaudere,
Sen. Ep. 105, 3:sic hodie veniet si qua negavit heri,
Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 20.—Denoting with the proviso that, but only if (usu. ita):6.decreverunt ut cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fuissent,
that the choice should be valid, but only if the Senate should ratify it, Liv. 1, 17, 9:sic ignovisse putato Me tibi si cenes hodie mecum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.—Sic quia = idcirco quia (very rare): Th. Quid vos? Insanin' estis? Tr. Quidum? Th. Sic quia foris ambulatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 20.—7.With inf. clause (freq.):8.sic igitur sentio, naturam primum atque ingenium ad dicendum vim afferre maximam,
Cic. Or. 1, 25, 113:sic a majoribus nostris accepimus, praetorem quaestori suo parentis loco esse oportere,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere,
id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 38; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Inv. 2, 55, 167; id. de Or. 1, 20, 93; 2, 28, 122; id. Brut. 36, 138; 41, 152; id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; Liv. 5, 15, 11.—Esp., after sic habeto (habe, habeas) = scito (only Ciceron.):sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1; so id. ib. 1, 7, 3; 2, 6, 5; 2, 10, 1; 7, 18, 1; 9, 16, 2; id. Att. 2, 25, 1; 5, 1, 5; 5, 20, 1 et saep.—With ut, expressing purpose or result:V.nunc sic faciam, sic consilium est, ad erum ut veniam docte atque astu,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 23:ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:sic accidit ut ex tanto navium numero nulla omnino navis... desideraretur,
Caes. B. G. 5, 23; cf. Cato, R. R. 1, 1; Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4; id. Or. 2, 67, 271.Idiomatic usages of sic.1.In a wish, expressed as a conclusion after an imperative ( poet.):2.parce: sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo (= si parces, bene quiescat),
Tib. 2, 6, 30:annue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,
id. 2, 5, 121:pone, precor, fastus... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, nec excutiant rapidi florentia venti,
Ov. M. 14, 762: dic [p. 1692] mihi de nostra quae sentis vera puella:Sic tibi sint dominae, Lygdame, dempta juga,
Prop. 4, 5, 1; Tib. 2, 6, 30.—The imperative may follow the clause with sic:sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (= si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.),
Verg. E. 9, 30:sic tibi (Arethusa) Doris amara suam non intermisceat undam: Incipe (= si incipies, opto tibi ut Doris, etc.),
id. ib. 10, 4:sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in unda Credulus... Dic ubi sit,
Ov. M. 8, 857; Sen. Troad. 702; cf.:sic te Diva potens Cypri... Ventorumque regat pater, Navis... Reddas incolumem Vergilium (= si tu, navis, reddes Vergilium, prosperum precor tibi cursum),
Hor. C. 1, 3, 1; cf.also: sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores (=si venies, tibi dem),
Tib. 1, 7, 53; cf. Ov. H. 3, 135; 4, 148.—Sic (like ita) with ut in strong asseveration ( poet.):3.sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum (= by the love of the gods, I pity, etc.),
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 54:Diespiter me sic amabit ut ego hanc familiam interire cupio,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 47:sic has deus aequoris artes Adjuvet, ut nemo jamdudum littore in isto constitit,
Ov. M. 8, 866:sic mihi te referas levis, ut non altera nostro limine intulit ulla pedes,
Prop. 1, 18, 11; cf. id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 1; cf.:vera cano, sic usque sacras innoxia laurus vescar,
Tib. 2, 5, 63.—In a demonstrative temporal force, like the Gr. houtôs, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was, etc.(α).In gen.:(β).e Graecis cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum, si qui sunt vetere Graecia digni. Sic vero fallaces sunt permulti et leves,
but as things now stand, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:at sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8: Pe. Pol tibi istuc credo nomen actutum fore. Tr. Dum interea sic sit, istuc actutum sino, provided it be as it is, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 71:quotiens hoc tibi ego interdixi, meam ne sic volgo pollicitarere operam,
thus, as you are doing now, id. Mil. 4, 2, 65:si utrumvis tibi visus essem, Non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,
Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11:non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt),
naked, as they are, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:sub alta platano... jacentes sic temere,
Hor. C. 2, 11, 14.—Esp., with sine and abl.:me germanam meam sororem tibi sic sine dote dedisse,
so as she is, without a dowry, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 65:sic sine malo,
id. Rud. 3, 5, 2:at operam perire meam sic... perpeti nequeo,
without result, id. Trin. 3, 2, 34 Ritschl, Fleck. (Brix omits sic): nec sic de nihilo fulminis ira cadit (= without cause), Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 52: mirabar hoc si sic abiret, so, i. e. without trouble, Ter. And. 1, 2, 4:hoc non poterit sic abire,
Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7; so,sic abire,
id. Att. 14, 1, 1; Cat. 14, 16; Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 39. —Hence,With imperatives, esp. with sine: Quid ego hoc faciam postea? sic sine eumpse, just let him alone, i. e. leave him as he is, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:(γ).si non vult (numerare), sic sine adstet,
id. As. 2, 4, 54:sine fores sic, abi,
let the door alone, id. Men. 2, 3, 1; so id. Cas. 3, 6, 36; id. Ps. 1, 5, 62.—Pregn., implying a concession (= kai houtôs), even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it:4.nolo bis iterare, sat sic longae fiunt fabulae,
narratives are long enough anyhow, as they are, without saying them twice over, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 154:sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis,
even as it was, in spite of what has been said, Ov. M. 13, 896; so,sic quoque fallebat,
id. ib. 1, 698:sed sic me et libertatis fructu privas et diligentiae,
anyhow, not taking into account what is mentioned, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: exhibeas molestiam si quid debeam, qui nunc sic tam es molestus, who art so troublesome even as it is, i. e. without my owing you any thing, Plaut. Pers. 2, 44:sic quoque parte plebis affecta, fides tamen publica potior senatui fuit,
Liv. 7, 27; cf. Ov. F. 2, 642; Suet. Aug. 78.—Ellipt., referring to something in the mind of the speaker:5.Quod si hoc nunc sic incipiam? Nihil est. Quod si sic? Tantumdem egero. At sic opinor? Non potest,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another (= aliis aliter), Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47: Quid vini absumpsit! Sic hoc dicens, asperum hoc est, aliud lenius, = this wine is so (the speaker not saying what he thinks of it), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, or so, i. e. or otherwise, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 2:monitorem non desiderabit qui dicat, Sic incede, sic cena... sic amico utere, sic cive, sic socio,
Sen. Ep. 114.—In answers, yes = the French, Italian, and Spanish si (ante - class. and rare): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 2: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, id. ib. 5, 3, 30: Ch. Sicine est sententia? Me. Sic, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 114. -
9 sic
sīc (old form sīce, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 12; also seic, C. I. L. 818), adv. [for si - ce; si, locat. form of pron. stem sa- = Gr. ho, ha, or hê, and demonstr. -ce; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 777], so, thus, in this or that manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise, to this or that extent or degree, to such a degree, in this or that state or condition, in such a condition (syn. ita); sic refers, I. To a previous fact, description, or assumption.—II. To a subsequent independent sentence, = thus, as follows. —III. As a local demonstrative (deiktikôs), referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, = thus, as I do it; thus, as you see, etc.—IV. As a correlative, preceding or following clauses introduced by conjunctions. —V. In certain idiomatic connections.I.Referring to something said before, = hoc modo: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei publicae evertit, so, i. e. in the manner mentioned, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3:2.sic et nata et progressa eloquentia videtur,
id. Inv. 1, 2, 3:facinus indignum Sic circumiri,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,
Caes. B. G. 7, 23:arare mavelim quam sic amare,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 21:sic se res habet,
Cic. Brut. 18, 71:sic regii constiterant,
Liv. 42, 58:sic res Romana in antiquum statum rediit,
id. 3, 9, 1:sic ad Alpes perventum est,
Tac. H. 1, 84; cf. Enn. Ann. 1, 104; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 88; Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86; 2, 32, 100; id. de Or. 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 201; 3, 29, 117; id. Brut. 40, 149; id. Rep. 2, 14, 27; 2, 20, 35; id. Lael. 9, 32; Liv. 4, 11, 5; 6, 17, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 19; 6, 30; 7, 62.—Often sic does not qualify the main predicate, but a participle or adjective referring to it:sic igitur instructus veniat ad causas,
Cic. Or. 34, 121:cum sic affectos dimisisset,
Liv. 21, 43, 1:sic omnibus copiis fusis se in castra recipiunt,
Caes. B. G. 3, 6:sic milites consolatus eodem die reducit in castra,
id. ib. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 62; Ov. M. 1, 32.—In a parenthet. clause (= ita):3.quae, ut sic dicam, ad corpus pertinent civitatis,
so to speak, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168:commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur,
id. Brut. 90, 310; cf. id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. Lael. 11, 39; Liv. 7, 31; Ov. M. 4, 660; 13, 597; 13, 866.—Referring not to the predicate, but to some intermediate term understood (= ita; cf.4.Engl. so): sic provolant duo Fabii (= sic loquentes),
Liv. 2, 46, 7:sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (sic = ut sic agerem),
Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6:tibi enim ipsi sic video placere (sic = sic faciendo),
id. ib. 4, 6, 2:sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (= ut sic agam),
id. ib. 5, 20, 1:sic enim statuerat (= hoc faciendum esse),
id. Phil. 5, 7, 208:Quid igitur? Non sic oportet? Equidem censeo sic (sic = hoc fieri),
id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere),
Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 25:sic soleo amicos (i. e. beare),
id. Eun. 2, 2, 48:sic memini tamen (= hoc ita esse),
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:haec sic audivi (= ita esse),
id. Ep. 3, 1, 79:sic prorsus existimo (= hoc ita esse),
Cic. Brut. 33, 125:quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (= hoc facere),
Ov. M. 5, 178.—As completing object, = hoc:5.iis litteris respondebo: sic enim postulas (= hoc postulas),
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 1:hic adsiste. Sic volo (= hoc volo, or hoc te facere volo),
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15:sic fata jubent (= hoc jubent, or hoc facere jubent),
Ov. M. 15, 584:hic apud nos hodie cenes. Sic face,
Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 8:sic faciendum est,
Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2.—Predicatively with esse (appellari, videri, etc.), in the sense of talis:6.sic vita hominum est (= talis),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:vir acerrimo ingenio—sic enim fuit,
id. Or. 5, 18:familiaris noster—sic est enim,
id. Att. 1, 18, 6:sic est vulgus,
id. Rosc. Com. 10, 20:sic, Crito, est hic,
Ter. And. 5, 4, 16: sic sum;si placeo, utere,
id. Phorm. 3, 2, 42:sic sententiest,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 90:sic est (= sic res se habet),
that is so, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21:qui sic sunt (i. e. vivunt) haud multum heredem juvant,
id. Hec. 3, 5, 10:nunc hoc profecto sic est,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 42:sic est. Non muto sententiam,
Sen. Ep. 10; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 35; id. Am. 2, 1, 60; id. Aul. 2, 4, 43; id. As. 5, 2, 12; id. Most. 4, 3, 40; Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; id. Eun. 3, 1, 18; id. Ad. 3, 3, 44; Cic. Lael. 1, 5; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Or. 14, 46.—Rarely as subject (mostly representing a subject-clause):B.sic commodius esse arbitror quam manere hanc (sic = abire),
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 31:si sic (= hoc) est factum, erus damno auctus est,
id. Heaut. 4, 1, 15: Pe. Quid? Concidit? Mi. Sic suspicio est (= eam concidisse), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:mihi sic est usus (= sic agere),
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 28:sic opus est (= hoc facere),
Ov. M. 1, 279; 2, 785.—To express relations other than manner (rare).1.Of consequence; un der these circumstances, accordingly, hence:2.sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur,
Liv. 1, 5, 4:sic et habet quod uterque eorum habuit, et explevit quod utrique defuit,
Cic. Brut. 42, 154:sic victam legem esse, nisi caveant,
Liv. 4, 11, 5:suavis mihi ructus est. Sic sine modo,
Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 17. —Of condition; on this condition, if this be done, etc.:3.reliquas illius anni pestes recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.,
Cic. Sest. 25, 55: displiceas aliis;sic ego tutus ero (sic = si displicebis),
Tib. 4, 13, 6:Scironis media sic licet ire via (sic = si amantes eunt),
Prop. 4, 15 (3, 16), 12:sic demum lucos Stygios Aspicies (= non aspicies, nisi hoc facies),
Verg. A. 6, 154 (for sic as antecedent of si, v. infra, IV. 5).—Of intensity:II.non latuit scintilla ingenii: sic erat in omni sermone sollers (= tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium),
Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37; cf. infra, IV. 4.Referring to a subsequent sentence, thus, as follows, in the following manner (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, hujusmodi, ad hunc modum):2.ingressus est sic loqui Scipio: Catonis hoc senis est, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1 (cf.:tum Varro ita exorsus est,
id. Ac. 1, 4, 15): hunc inter pugnas Servilius sic compellat, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 Vahl.):puero sic dicit pater: Noster esto,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38:sic faciam: adsimulabo quasi quam culpam in sese admiserint,
id. Stich. 1, 2, 27 dub.:salem candidum sic facito: amphoram puram impleto, etc.,
Cato, R. R. 88: sic enim dixisti:Vidi ego tuam lacrimulam,
Cic. Planc. 31, 76:res autem se sic habet: composite et apte sine sententiis dicere insania est,
the truth is this, id. Or. 71, 236:sic loquere, sic vive: vide, ne te ulla res deprimat,
Sen. Ep. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 10, 1; Cato, R. R. 77 sqq.; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 177; Ter. Phorm. prol. 13; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 21, 29; 4, 4, 30; Cic. [p. 1691] Inv. 1, 39, 71; id. Or. 1, 45, 198; 2, 40, 167; 2, 40, 172; id. Att. 2, 22, 1; 5, 1, 3; 6, 1, 3; Verg. A. 1, 521.—Esp., with ellipsis of predicate:3.ego sic: diem statuo, etc. (sc. ago),
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16.—Sometimes sic introduces detached words: sic loqui nosse, judicasse vetant, novisse jubent et judicavisse (= they forbid to say nosse, etc.), Cic. Or. 47, 157.—For instance (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, ut hoc, verbi gratia, ut si; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91 sq. infra):III.disjunctum est, cum unumquodque certo concluditur verbo,
Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37:mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic: Stultitia est immensa gloriae cupiditas,
Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91.As a local demonstrative, thus, so, etc. (deiktikôs; colloq.;IV.mostly comice): ne hunc ornatum vos meum admiremini, quod ego processi sic cum servili schema,
as you see me now, Plaut. Am. prol. 117:sed amictus sic hac ludibundus incessi,
id. Ps. 5, 1, 31:nec sic per totam infamis traducerer urbem,
Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 7:sic ad me, miserande, redis?
Ov. M. 11, 728; cf. Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—So accompanied with a corresponding gesture:Quid tu igitur sic hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus?
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 25: Pe. Quid si curram? Tr. Censeo. Pe. An sic potius placide? (the speaker imitating the motion), id. Rud. 4, 8, 10:non licet te sic placidule bellam belle tangere?
id. ib. 2, 4, 12:quod non omnia sic poterant conjuncta manere,
Lucr. 5, 441.—Here belong the phrases sic dedero, sic dabo, sic datur, expressing a threat of revenge, or satisfaction at another's misfortune: sic dedero! aere militari tetigero lenunculum,
I will give it to him, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 6; id. As. 2, 4, 33:sic dabo!
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 38:doletne? hem, sic datur si quis erum servos spernit,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 21:sic furi datur,
id. Stich. 5, 5, 25; so id. Men. 4, 2, 46.—Referring to an act just performed by the speaker:sic deinde quicunque alius transiliet moenia mea (= sic pereat, quicunque deinde, etc.),
Liv. 1, 7, 2:sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem,
so will every one fare who, id. 1, 26, 5:sic... Cetera sit fortis castrorum turba tuorum (= sic ut interfeci te),
Ov. M. 12, 285.—So with a comp.-clause expressed:sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum legatum jacentem videtis,
Liv. 8, 6, 6; cf. id. 1, 24, 8 (v. IV. 1. infra).As correlative, with, 1. A comparative clause (sic far more frequent than ita); 2. A contrasted clause, mostly with ut; 3. A modal clause, with ut (ita more freq. than sic); 4. A clause expressing intensity, introduced by ut; 5. A conditional clause (rare; ita more freq.); 6. With a reason, introduced by quia (ante-class. and very rare); 7. With an inf. clause; 8. With ut, expressing purpose or result.1.With comp. clauses, usu. introduced by ut, but also by quemadmodum (very freq.), sicut, velut, tamquam, quasi, quomodo, quam (rare and poet.), ceu (rare; poet. and post-class.), quantus (rare and poet.), qualis (ante-class. and rare).(α).With ut:(β).ut cibi satietas subamara aliqua re relevatur, sic animus defessus audiendi admiratione redintegratur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:ut non omnem frugem, neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vita nascitur,
id. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:ex suo regno sic Mithridates profugit ut ex eodem Ponto Medea quondam profugisse dicitur,
id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:ut tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus de Themistocle finxit,
id. Brut. 11, 42:sic moneo ut filium, sic faveo ut mihi, sic hortor ut et pro patria et amicissimum,
id. Fam. 10, 5, 3:ut vita, sic oratione durus fuit,
id. Brut. 31, 117:de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo,
id. Att. 4, 6, 1:sic est ut narro tibi,
Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 40; Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28; id. Div. 2, 30, 93; id. de Or. 1, 33, 153; 3, 51, 198; Liv. 1, 47, 2; 2, 52, 7; Ov. M. 1, 495; 1, 539; 2, 165 et saep.—So in the formula ut quisque... sic (more freq. ita), rendered by according as, or the more... the...:ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt postprincipia denique,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 3:ut quaeque res est tur pissima, sic maxime et maturissime vindicanda est,
Cic. Caecin. 2, 7; v. Fischer, Gr. II. p. 751.—With quemadmodum: quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator, nisi multitudine audiente, eloquens esse non potest, Cic. Or. 2, 83, 338:(γ).quemadmodum se tribuni gessissent in prohibendo dilectu, sic patres in lege prohibenda gerebant,
Liv. 3, 11, 3:sic vestras hallucinationes fero, quemadmodum Juppiter ineptias poetarum,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 6; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 33; 2, 8, 28; 2, 27, 82; id. Or. 3, 52, 200; id. Lael. 4, 16; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 2, 13, 8; 5, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 5, 6 (bis); id. Clem. 1, 3, 5; id. Vit. Beat. 23, 4.—With sicut:(δ).tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit,
Cic. Brut. 64, 230; 46, 112; id. Or. 2, 44, 186; id. Clu. 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Liv. 4, 57, 11; 7, 13, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 2.—With velut:(ε).velut ipse in re trepida se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse,
Liv. 4, 41, 6; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; Verg. A. 1, 148; Ov. M. 4, 375; 4, 705.—With tamquam:(ζ).tamquam litteris in cera, sic se ajebat imaginibus quae meminisse vellet, perscribere,
Cic. Or. 2, 88, 360:quid autem ego sic adhuc egi, tamquam integra sit causa patriciorum?
Liv. 10, 8:sic Ephesi fui, tamquam domi meae,
Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1; cf. id. Or. 2, 42, 180; id. Brut. 18, 71; 58, 213; 66, 235; 74, 258; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; 2, 14, 1; id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31; Sen. Ep. 101, 7.—With quasi:(η).hujus innocentiae sic in hac calamitosa fama, quasi in aliqua perniciosissima flamma subvenire,
Cic. Clu. 1, 4:ea sic observabo quasi intercalatum non sit,
id. Att. 6, 1, 12:Quid tu me sic salutas quasi dudum non videris?
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 51; cf. Cic. Or. 2, 11, 47; id. Inv. 1, 3, 4; id. Sen. 8, 26:ego sic vivam quasi sciam, etc.,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 3.—With quomodo:(θ).quomodo nomen in militiam non daret debilis, sic ad iter quod inhabile sciat, non accedet,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 3 (30), 4:sic demus quomodo vellemus accipere,
id. Ben. 2, 1, 1; id. Ep. 9, 17; id. Ot. Sap. 6, 2 (32 med.); Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—With ceu:(ι).ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... sic Martem indomitum Cernimus,
Verg. A. 2, 438.—With quam:(κ).non sic incerto mutantur flamine Syrtes, quam cito feminea non constat foedus in ira,
Prop. 2, 9, 33; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 281.—With quantus:(λ).nec sic errore laetatus Ulixes... nec sic Electra... quanta ego collegi gaudia,
Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 5 sqq.—With qualis:(μ).imo sic condignum donum quali'st quoi dono datum est,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 40.—Without a correlative particle, in an independent sentence:2.Quis potione uti aut cibo dulci diutius potest? sic omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium finitimum est (= ut nemo cibo dulci uti diutius potest, sic, etc.),
Cic. Or. 3, 25, 100; cf. id. ib. 19, 63.—In contrasted clauses, mostly with ut, which may generally be rendered while: ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum acer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est (almost = etsi ad bella suscipienda... tamen mollis est, etc., while, etc.), Caes. B. G. 3, 19: a ceteris oblectationibus ut deseror, sic litteris sustentor et recreor, while I am deserted, I am sustained, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 18, 55; id. Fam. 10, 20, 2; Liv. 4, 57, 11; Ov. M. 4, 131; 11, 76.—So freq. two members of the same sentence are coordinated by ut... sic (ita) with almost the same force as a co-ordination by cum... tum, or by sed:3.consul, ut fortasse vere, sic parum utiliter in praesens certamen respondit (= vere fortasse, sed parum utiliter),
Liv. 4, 6, 2:ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit,
id. 6, 32, 6:(forma erat) ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis,
Ov. M. 14, 509; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 2; 5, 38, 2; 6, 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 370.—In this use etiam or quoque is sometimes joined with sic (never by Cic. with ita):nostri sensus, ut in pace semper, sic tum etiam in bello congruebant (= cum... tum),
Cic. Marcell. 6, 16:ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes,
id. Sen. 6, 20:utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses,
id. Phil. 1, 13, 33:ut superiorum aetatum studia occidunt, sic occidunt etiam senectutis,
id. Sen. 20, 76:ut voce, sic etiam oratione,
id. Or. 25, 85; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Leg. 2, 25, 62; id. Lael. 5, 19.—More rarely with quem ad modum, quomodo:ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate,
id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37. —With a clause of manner introduced by ut = so that:4.sic fuimus semper comparati ut hominum sermonibus quasi in aliquod judicium vocaremur,
Cic. Or. 3, 9, 32:eam sic audio ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,
id. ib. 3, 12, 45:sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis,
id. ib. 3, 12, 46:omnia sic suppetunt ut ei nullam deesse virtutem oratoris putem,
id. Brut. 71, 250:omnis pars orationis esse debet laudabilis, sic ut verbum nullum excidat,
id. Or. 36, 125:sic tecum agam ut vel respondendi vel interpellandi potestatem faciam,
id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:nec vero sic erat umquam non paratus Milo contra illum ut non satis fere esset paratus,
id. Mil. 21, 56:sic eum eo de re publica disputavit ut sentiret sibi cum viro forti esse pugnandum,
id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 4, 49; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82; Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245; 2, 1, 3; 2, 6, 23; id. Brut. 22, 88; 40, 148; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Planc. 10, 25; id. Fam. 5, 15, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 32; 5, 17; id. B. C. 3, 56; Prop. 1, 21, 5.—Sometimes the correlative clause is restrictive, and sic = but so, yet so, only so:mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, hominis acuti magis quam eruditi,
Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4:sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur etc.,
id. Inv. 1, 46, 86; id. Brut. 79, 274; id. Marcell. 11, 34; id. Att. 13, 3, 1 (ita is more freq. in this sense).—With a clause expressing intensity (so both with adjj. and verbs; but far less freq. than ita, tam, adeo), to such a degree, so, so far, etc.:5.sic ego illum in timorem dabo, ipse sese ut neget esse eum qui siet,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20 sq.:conficior lacrimis sic ut ferre non possim,
Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1:sic rem fuisse apertam ut judicium fieri nihil attinuerit,
id. Inv. 2, 28, 84:cujus responso judices sic exarserunt ut capitis hominem innocentissimum condemnarent,
id. Or. 1, 54, 233; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 29; id. Brut. 88, 302; id. Or. 53, 177; 55, 184; id. Rep. 2, 21, 37; 3, 9, 15; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Planc. 8, 21; id. Verr. 1, 36, 91; id. Balb. 5, 13; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; 1, 16, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 1.—Rarely conditional clauses have the antecedent sic.a.Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, to represent the result of the condition as sure:b.sic invidiam effugies, si te non ingesseris oculis, si bona tua non jactaveris, si scieris in sinu gaudere,
Sen. Ep. 105, 3:sic hodie veniet si qua negavit heri,
Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 20.—Denoting with the proviso that, but only if (usu. ita):6.decreverunt ut cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fuissent,
that the choice should be valid, but only if the Senate should ratify it, Liv. 1, 17, 9:sic ignovisse putato Me tibi si cenes hodie mecum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.—Sic quia = idcirco quia (very rare): Th. Quid vos? Insanin' estis? Tr. Quidum? Th. Sic quia foris ambulatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 20.—7.With inf. clause (freq.):8.sic igitur sentio, naturam primum atque ingenium ad dicendum vim afferre maximam,
Cic. Or. 1, 25, 113:sic a majoribus nostris accepimus, praetorem quaestori suo parentis loco esse oportere,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere,
id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 38; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Inv. 2, 55, 167; id. de Or. 1, 20, 93; 2, 28, 122; id. Brut. 36, 138; 41, 152; id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; Liv. 5, 15, 11.—Esp., after sic habeto (habe, habeas) = scito (only Ciceron.):sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1; so id. ib. 1, 7, 3; 2, 6, 5; 2, 10, 1; 7, 18, 1; 9, 16, 2; id. Att. 2, 25, 1; 5, 1, 5; 5, 20, 1 et saep.—With ut, expressing purpose or result:V.nunc sic faciam, sic consilium est, ad erum ut veniam docte atque astu,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 23:ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:sic accidit ut ex tanto navium numero nulla omnino navis... desideraretur,
Caes. B. G. 5, 23; cf. Cato, R. R. 1, 1; Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4; id. Or. 2, 67, 271.Idiomatic usages of sic.1.In a wish, expressed as a conclusion after an imperative ( poet.):2.parce: sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo (= si parces, bene quiescat),
Tib. 2, 6, 30:annue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,
id. 2, 5, 121:pone, precor, fastus... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, nec excutiant rapidi florentia venti,
Ov. M. 14, 762: dic [p. 1692] mihi de nostra quae sentis vera puella:Sic tibi sint dominae, Lygdame, dempta juga,
Prop. 4, 5, 1; Tib. 2, 6, 30.—The imperative may follow the clause with sic:sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (= si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.),
Verg. E. 9, 30:sic tibi (Arethusa) Doris amara suam non intermisceat undam: Incipe (= si incipies, opto tibi ut Doris, etc.),
id. ib. 10, 4:sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in unda Credulus... Dic ubi sit,
Ov. M. 8, 857; Sen. Troad. 702; cf.:sic te Diva potens Cypri... Ventorumque regat pater, Navis... Reddas incolumem Vergilium (= si tu, navis, reddes Vergilium, prosperum precor tibi cursum),
Hor. C. 1, 3, 1; cf.also: sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores (=si venies, tibi dem),
Tib. 1, 7, 53; cf. Ov. H. 3, 135; 4, 148.—Sic (like ita) with ut in strong asseveration ( poet.):3.sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum (= by the love of the gods, I pity, etc.),
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 54:Diespiter me sic amabit ut ego hanc familiam interire cupio,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 47:sic has deus aequoris artes Adjuvet, ut nemo jamdudum littore in isto constitit,
Ov. M. 8, 866:sic mihi te referas levis, ut non altera nostro limine intulit ulla pedes,
Prop. 1, 18, 11; cf. id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 1; cf.:vera cano, sic usque sacras innoxia laurus vescar,
Tib. 2, 5, 63.—In a demonstrative temporal force, like the Gr. houtôs, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was, etc.(α).In gen.:(β).e Graecis cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum, si qui sunt vetere Graecia digni. Sic vero fallaces sunt permulti et leves,
but as things now stand, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:at sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8: Pe. Pol tibi istuc credo nomen actutum fore. Tr. Dum interea sic sit, istuc actutum sino, provided it be as it is, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 71:quotiens hoc tibi ego interdixi, meam ne sic volgo pollicitarere operam,
thus, as you are doing now, id. Mil. 4, 2, 65:si utrumvis tibi visus essem, Non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,
Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11:non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt),
naked, as they are, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:sub alta platano... jacentes sic temere,
Hor. C. 2, 11, 14.—Esp., with sine and abl.:me germanam meam sororem tibi sic sine dote dedisse,
so as she is, without a dowry, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 65:sic sine malo,
id. Rud. 3, 5, 2:at operam perire meam sic... perpeti nequeo,
without result, id. Trin. 3, 2, 34 Ritschl, Fleck. (Brix omits sic): nec sic de nihilo fulminis ira cadit (= without cause), Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 52: mirabar hoc si sic abiret, so, i. e. without trouble, Ter. And. 1, 2, 4:hoc non poterit sic abire,
Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7; so,sic abire,
id. Att. 14, 1, 1; Cat. 14, 16; Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 39. —Hence,With imperatives, esp. with sine: Quid ego hoc faciam postea? sic sine eumpse, just let him alone, i. e. leave him as he is, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:(γ).si non vult (numerare), sic sine adstet,
id. As. 2, 4, 54:sine fores sic, abi,
let the door alone, id. Men. 2, 3, 1; so id. Cas. 3, 6, 36; id. Ps. 1, 5, 62.—Pregn., implying a concession (= kai houtôs), even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it:4.nolo bis iterare, sat sic longae fiunt fabulae,
narratives are long enough anyhow, as they are, without saying them twice over, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 154:sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis,
even as it was, in spite of what has been said, Ov. M. 13, 896; so,sic quoque fallebat,
id. ib. 1, 698:sed sic me et libertatis fructu privas et diligentiae,
anyhow, not taking into account what is mentioned, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: exhibeas molestiam si quid debeam, qui nunc sic tam es molestus, who art so troublesome even as it is, i. e. without my owing you any thing, Plaut. Pers. 2, 44:sic quoque parte plebis affecta, fides tamen publica potior senatui fuit,
Liv. 7, 27; cf. Ov. F. 2, 642; Suet. Aug. 78.—Ellipt., referring to something in the mind of the speaker:5.Quod si hoc nunc sic incipiam? Nihil est. Quod si sic? Tantumdem egero. At sic opinor? Non potest,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another (= aliis aliter), Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47: Quid vini absumpsit! Sic hoc dicens, asperum hoc est, aliud lenius, = this wine is so (the speaker not saying what he thinks of it), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, or so, i. e. or otherwise, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 2:monitorem non desiderabit qui dicat, Sic incede, sic cena... sic amico utere, sic cive, sic socio,
Sen. Ep. 114.—In answers, yes = the French, Italian, and Spanish si (ante - class. and rare): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 2: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, id. ib. 5, 3, 30: Ch. Sicine est sententia? Me. Sic, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 114. -
10 sice
sīc (old form sīce, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 12; also seic, C. I. L. 818), adv. [for si - ce; si, locat. form of pron. stem sa- = Gr. ho, ha, or hê, and demonstr. -ce; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 777], so, thus, in this or that manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise, to this or that extent or degree, to such a degree, in this or that state or condition, in such a condition (syn. ita); sic refers, I. To a previous fact, description, or assumption.—II. To a subsequent independent sentence, = thus, as follows. —III. As a local demonstrative (deiktikôs), referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, = thus, as I do it; thus, as you see, etc.—IV. As a correlative, preceding or following clauses introduced by conjunctions. —V. In certain idiomatic connections.I.Referring to something said before, = hoc modo: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei publicae evertit, so, i. e. in the manner mentioned, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3:2.sic et nata et progressa eloquentia videtur,
id. Inv. 1, 2, 3:facinus indignum Sic circumiri,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,
Caes. B. G. 7, 23:arare mavelim quam sic amare,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 21:sic se res habet,
Cic. Brut. 18, 71:sic regii constiterant,
Liv. 42, 58:sic res Romana in antiquum statum rediit,
id. 3, 9, 1:sic ad Alpes perventum est,
Tac. H. 1, 84; cf. Enn. Ann. 1, 104; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 88; Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86; 2, 32, 100; id. de Or. 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 201; 3, 29, 117; id. Brut. 40, 149; id. Rep. 2, 14, 27; 2, 20, 35; id. Lael. 9, 32; Liv. 4, 11, 5; 6, 17, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 19; 6, 30; 7, 62.—Often sic does not qualify the main predicate, but a participle or adjective referring to it:sic igitur instructus veniat ad causas,
Cic. Or. 34, 121:cum sic affectos dimisisset,
Liv. 21, 43, 1:sic omnibus copiis fusis se in castra recipiunt,
Caes. B. G. 3, 6:sic milites consolatus eodem die reducit in castra,
id. ib. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 62; Ov. M. 1, 32.—In a parenthet. clause (= ita):3.quae, ut sic dicam, ad corpus pertinent civitatis,
so to speak, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168:commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur,
id. Brut. 90, 310; cf. id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. Lael. 11, 39; Liv. 7, 31; Ov. M. 4, 660; 13, 597; 13, 866.—Referring not to the predicate, but to some intermediate term understood (= ita; cf.4.Engl. so): sic provolant duo Fabii (= sic loquentes),
Liv. 2, 46, 7:sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (sic = ut sic agerem),
Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6:tibi enim ipsi sic video placere (sic = sic faciendo),
id. ib. 4, 6, 2:sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (= ut sic agam),
id. ib. 5, 20, 1:sic enim statuerat (= hoc faciendum esse),
id. Phil. 5, 7, 208:Quid igitur? Non sic oportet? Equidem censeo sic (sic = hoc fieri),
id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere),
Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 25:sic soleo amicos (i. e. beare),
id. Eun. 2, 2, 48:sic memini tamen (= hoc ita esse),
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:haec sic audivi (= ita esse),
id. Ep. 3, 1, 79:sic prorsus existimo (= hoc ita esse),
Cic. Brut. 33, 125:quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (= hoc facere),
Ov. M. 5, 178.—As completing object, = hoc:5.iis litteris respondebo: sic enim postulas (= hoc postulas),
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 1:hic adsiste. Sic volo (= hoc volo, or hoc te facere volo),
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15:sic fata jubent (= hoc jubent, or hoc facere jubent),
Ov. M. 15, 584:hic apud nos hodie cenes. Sic face,
Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 8:sic faciendum est,
Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2.—Predicatively with esse (appellari, videri, etc.), in the sense of talis:6.sic vita hominum est (= talis),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:vir acerrimo ingenio—sic enim fuit,
id. Or. 5, 18:familiaris noster—sic est enim,
id. Att. 1, 18, 6:sic est vulgus,
id. Rosc. Com. 10, 20:sic, Crito, est hic,
Ter. And. 5, 4, 16: sic sum;si placeo, utere,
id. Phorm. 3, 2, 42:sic sententiest,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 90:sic est (= sic res se habet),
that is so, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21:qui sic sunt (i. e. vivunt) haud multum heredem juvant,
id. Hec. 3, 5, 10:nunc hoc profecto sic est,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 42:sic est. Non muto sententiam,
Sen. Ep. 10; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 35; id. Am. 2, 1, 60; id. Aul. 2, 4, 43; id. As. 5, 2, 12; id. Most. 4, 3, 40; Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; id. Eun. 3, 1, 18; id. Ad. 3, 3, 44; Cic. Lael. 1, 5; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Or. 14, 46.—Rarely as subject (mostly representing a subject-clause):B.sic commodius esse arbitror quam manere hanc (sic = abire),
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 31:si sic (= hoc) est factum, erus damno auctus est,
id. Heaut. 4, 1, 15: Pe. Quid? Concidit? Mi. Sic suspicio est (= eam concidisse), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:mihi sic est usus (= sic agere),
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 28:sic opus est (= hoc facere),
Ov. M. 1, 279; 2, 785.—To express relations other than manner (rare).1.Of consequence; un der these circumstances, accordingly, hence:2.sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur,
Liv. 1, 5, 4:sic et habet quod uterque eorum habuit, et explevit quod utrique defuit,
Cic. Brut. 42, 154:sic victam legem esse, nisi caveant,
Liv. 4, 11, 5:suavis mihi ructus est. Sic sine modo,
Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 17. —Of condition; on this condition, if this be done, etc.:3.reliquas illius anni pestes recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.,
Cic. Sest. 25, 55: displiceas aliis;sic ego tutus ero (sic = si displicebis),
Tib. 4, 13, 6:Scironis media sic licet ire via (sic = si amantes eunt),
Prop. 4, 15 (3, 16), 12:sic demum lucos Stygios Aspicies (= non aspicies, nisi hoc facies),
Verg. A. 6, 154 (for sic as antecedent of si, v. infra, IV. 5).—Of intensity:II.non latuit scintilla ingenii: sic erat in omni sermone sollers (= tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium),
Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37; cf. infra, IV. 4.Referring to a subsequent sentence, thus, as follows, in the following manner (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, hujusmodi, ad hunc modum):2.ingressus est sic loqui Scipio: Catonis hoc senis est, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1 (cf.:tum Varro ita exorsus est,
id. Ac. 1, 4, 15): hunc inter pugnas Servilius sic compellat, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 Vahl.):puero sic dicit pater: Noster esto,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38:sic faciam: adsimulabo quasi quam culpam in sese admiserint,
id. Stich. 1, 2, 27 dub.:salem candidum sic facito: amphoram puram impleto, etc.,
Cato, R. R. 88: sic enim dixisti:Vidi ego tuam lacrimulam,
Cic. Planc. 31, 76:res autem se sic habet: composite et apte sine sententiis dicere insania est,
the truth is this, id. Or. 71, 236:sic loquere, sic vive: vide, ne te ulla res deprimat,
Sen. Ep. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 10, 1; Cato, R. R. 77 sqq.; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 177; Ter. Phorm. prol. 13; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 21, 29; 4, 4, 30; Cic. [p. 1691] Inv. 1, 39, 71; id. Or. 1, 45, 198; 2, 40, 167; 2, 40, 172; id. Att. 2, 22, 1; 5, 1, 3; 6, 1, 3; Verg. A. 1, 521.—Esp., with ellipsis of predicate:3.ego sic: diem statuo, etc. (sc. ago),
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16.—Sometimes sic introduces detached words: sic loqui nosse, judicasse vetant, novisse jubent et judicavisse (= they forbid to say nosse, etc.), Cic. Or. 47, 157.—For instance (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, ut hoc, verbi gratia, ut si; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91 sq. infra):III.disjunctum est, cum unumquodque certo concluditur verbo,
Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37:mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic: Stultitia est immensa gloriae cupiditas,
Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91.As a local demonstrative, thus, so, etc. (deiktikôs; colloq.;IV.mostly comice): ne hunc ornatum vos meum admiremini, quod ego processi sic cum servili schema,
as you see me now, Plaut. Am. prol. 117:sed amictus sic hac ludibundus incessi,
id. Ps. 5, 1, 31:nec sic per totam infamis traducerer urbem,
Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 7:sic ad me, miserande, redis?
Ov. M. 11, 728; cf. Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—So accompanied with a corresponding gesture:Quid tu igitur sic hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus?
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 25: Pe. Quid si curram? Tr. Censeo. Pe. An sic potius placide? (the speaker imitating the motion), id. Rud. 4, 8, 10:non licet te sic placidule bellam belle tangere?
id. ib. 2, 4, 12:quod non omnia sic poterant conjuncta manere,
Lucr. 5, 441.—Here belong the phrases sic dedero, sic dabo, sic datur, expressing a threat of revenge, or satisfaction at another's misfortune: sic dedero! aere militari tetigero lenunculum,
I will give it to him, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 6; id. As. 2, 4, 33:sic dabo!
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 38:doletne? hem, sic datur si quis erum servos spernit,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 21:sic furi datur,
id. Stich. 5, 5, 25; so id. Men. 4, 2, 46.—Referring to an act just performed by the speaker:sic deinde quicunque alius transiliet moenia mea (= sic pereat, quicunque deinde, etc.),
Liv. 1, 7, 2:sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem,
so will every one fare who, id. 1, 26, 5:sic... Cetera sit fortis castrorum turba tuorum (= sic ut interfeci te),
Ov. M. 12, 285.—So with a comp.-clause expressed:sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum legatum jacentem videtis,
Liv. 8, 6, 6; cf. id. 1, 24, 8 (v. IV. 1. infra).As correlative, with, 1. A comparative clause (sic far more frequent than ita); 2. A contrasted clause, mostly with ut; 3. A modal clause, with ut (ita more freq. than sic); 4. A clause expressing intensity, introduced by ut; 5. A conditional clause (rare; ita more freq.); 6. With a reason, introduced by quia (ante-class. and very rare); 7. With an inf. clause; 8. With ut, expressing purpose or result.1.With comp. clauses, usu. introduced by ut, but also by quemadmodum (very freq.), sicut, velut, tamquam, quasi, quomodo, quam (rare and poet.), ceu (rare; poet. and post-class.), quantus (rare and poet.), qualis (ante-class. and rare).(α).With ut:(β).ut cibi satietas subamara aliqua re relevatur, sic animus defessus audiendi admiratione redintegratur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:ut non omnem frugem, neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vita nascitur,
id. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:ex suo regno sic Mithridates profugit ut ex eodem Ponto Medea quondam profugisse dicitur,
id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:ut tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus de Themistocle finxit,
id. Brut. 11, 42:sic moneo ut filium, sic faveo ut mihi, sic hortor ut et pro patria et amicissimum,
id. Fam. 10, 5, 3:ut vita, sic oratione durus fuit,
id. Brut. 31, 117:de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo,
id. Att. 4, 6, 1:sic est ut narro tibi,
Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 40; Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28; id. Div. 2, 30, 93; id. de Or. 1, 33, 153; 3, 51, 198; Liv. 1, 47, 2; 2, 52, 7; Ov. M. 1, 495; 1, 539; 2, 165 et saep.—So in the formula ut quisque... sic (more freq. ita), rendered by according as, or the more... the...:ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt postprincipia denique,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 3:ut quaeque res est tur pissima, sic maxime et maturissime vindicanda est,
Cic. Caecin. 2, 7; v. Fischer, Gr. II. p. 751.—With quemadmodum: quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator, nisi multitudine audiente, eloquens esse non potest, Cic. Or. 2, 83, 338:(γ).quemadmodum se tribuni gessissent in prohibendo dilectu, sic patres in lege prohibenda gerebant,
Liv. 3, 11, 3:sic vestras hallucinationes fero, quemadmodum Juppiter ineptias poetarum,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 6; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 33; 2, 8, 28; 2, 27, 82; id. Or. 3, 52, 200; id. Lael. 4, 16; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 2, 13, 8; 5, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 5, 6 (bis); id. Clem. 1, 3, 5; id. Vit. Beat. 23, 4.—With sicut:(δ).tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit,
Cic. Brut. 64, 230; 46, 112; id. Or. 2, 44, 186; id. Clu. 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Liv. 4, 57, 11; 7, 13, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 2.—With velut:(ε).velut ipse in re trepida se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse,
Liv. 4, 41, 6; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; Verg. A. 1, 148; Ov. M. 4, 375; 4, 705.—With tamquam:(ζ).tamquam litteris in cera, sic se ajebat imaginibus quae meminisse vellet, perscribere,
Cic. Or. 2, 88, 360:quid autem ego sic adhuc egi, tamquam integra sit causa patriciorum?
Liv. 10, 8:sic Ephesi fui, tamquam domi meae,
Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1; cf. id. Or. 2, 42, 180; id. Brut. 18, 71; 58, 213; 66, 235; 74, 258; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; 2, 14, 1; id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31; Sen. Ep. 101, 7.—With quasi:(η).hujus innocentiae sic in hac calamitosa fama, quasi in aliqua perniciosissima flamma subvenire,
Cic. Clu. 1, 4:ea sic observabo quasi intercalatum non sit,
id. Att. 6, 1, 12:Quid tu me sic salutas quasi dudum non videris?
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 51; cf. Cic. Or. 2, 11, 47; id. Inv. 1, 3, 4; id. Sen. 8, 26:ego sic vivam quasi sciam, etc.,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 3.—With quomodo:(θ).quomodo nomen in militiam non daret debilis, sic ad iter quod inhabile sciat, non accedet,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 3 (30), 4:sic demus quomodo vellemus accipere,
id. Ben. 2, 1, 1; id. Ep. 9, 17; id. Ot. Sap. 6, 2 (32 med.); Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—With ceu:(ι).ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... sic Martem indomitum Cernimus,
Verg. A. 2, 438.—With quam:(κ).non sic incerto mutantur flamine Syrtes, quam cito feminea non constat foedus in ira,
Prop. 2, 9, 33; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 281.—With quantus:(λ).nec sic errore laetatus Ulixes... nec sic Electra... quanta ego collegi gaudia,
Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 5 sqq.—With qualis:(μ).imo sic condignum donum quali'st quoi dono datum est,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 40.—Without a correlative particle, in an independent sentence:2.Quis potione uti aut cibo dulci diutius potest? sic omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium finitimum est (= ut nemo cibo dulci uti diutius potest, sic, etc.),
Cic. Or. 3, 25, 100; cf. id. ib. 19, 63.—In contrasted clauses, mostly with ut, which may generally be rendered while: ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum acer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est (almost = etsi ad bella suscipienda... tamen mollis est, etc., while, etc.), Caes. B. G. 3, 19: a ceteris oblectationibus ut deseror, sic litteris sustentor et recreor, while I am deserted, I am sustained, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 18, 55; id. Fam. 10, 20, 2; Liv. 4, 57, 11; Ov. M. 4, 131; 11, 76.—So freq. two members of the same sentence are coordinated by ut... sic (ita) with almost the same force as a co-ordination by cum... tum, or by sed:3.consul, ut fortasse vere, sic parum utiliter in praesens certamen respondit (= vere fortasse, sed parum utiliter),
Liv. 4, 6, 2:ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit,
id. 6, 32, 6:(forma erat) ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis,
Ov. M. 14, 509; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 2; 5, 38, 2; 6, 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 370.—In this use etiam or quoque is sometimes joined with sic (never by Cic. with ita):nostri sensus, ut in pace semper, sic tum etiam in bello congruebant (= cum... tum),
Cic. Marcell. 6, 16:ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes,
id. Sen. 6, 20:utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses,
id. Phil. 1, 13, 33:ut superiorum aetatum studia occidunt, sic occidunt etiam senectutis,
id. Sen. 20, 76:ut voce, sic etiam oratione,
id. Or. 25, 85; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Leg. 2, 25, 62; id. Lael. 5, 19.—More rarely with quem ad modum, quomodo:ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate,
id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37. —With a clause of manner introduced by ut = so that:4.sic fuimus semper comparati ut hominum sermonibus quasi in aliquod judicium vocaremur,
Cic. Or. 3, 9, 32:eam sic audio ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,
id. ib. 3, 12, 45:sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis,
id. ib. 3, 12, 46:omnia sic suppetunt ut ei nullam deesse virtutem oratoris putem,
id. Brut. 71, 250:omnis pars orationis esse debet laudabilis, sic ut verbum nullum excidat,
id. Or. 36, 125:sic tecum agam ut vel respondendi vel interpellandi potestatem faciam,
id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:nec vero sic erat umquam non paratus Milo contra illum ut non satis fere esset paratus,
id. Mil. 21, 56:sic eum eo de re publica disputavit ut sentiret sibi cum viro forti esse pugnandum,
id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 4, 49; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82; Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245; 2, 1, 3; 2, 6, 23; id. Brut. 22, 88; 40, 148; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Planc. 10, 25; id. Fam. 5, 15, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 32; 5, 17; id. B. C. 3, 56; Prop. 1, 21, 5.—Sometimes the correlative clause is restrictive, and sic = but so, yet so, only so:mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, hominis acuti magis quam eruditi,
Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4:sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur etc.,
id. Inv. 1, 46, 86; id. Brut. 79, 274; id. Marcell. 11, 34; id. Att. 13, 3, 1 (ita is more freq. in this sense).—With a clause expressing intensity (so both with adjj. and verbs; but far less freq. than ita, tam, adeo), to such a degree, so, so far, etc.:5.sic ego illum in timorem dabo, ipse sese ut neget esse eum qui siet,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20 sq.:conficior lacrimis sic ut ferre non possim,
Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1:sic rem fuisse apertam ut judicium fieri nihil attinuerit,
id. Inv. 2, 28, 84:cujus responso judices sic exarserunt ut capitis hominem innocentissimum condemnarent,
id. Or. 1, 54, 233; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 29; id. Brut. 88, 302; id. Or. 53, 177; 55, 184; id. Rep. 2, 21, 37; 3, 9, 15; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Planc. 8, 21; id. Verr. 1, 36, 91; id. Balb. 5, 13; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; 1, 16, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 1.—Rarely conditional clauses have the antecedent sic.a.Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, to represent the result of the condition as sure:b.sic invidiam effugies, si te non ingesseris oculis, si bona tua non jactaveris, si scieris in sinu gaudere,
Sen. Ep. 105, 3:sic hodie veniet si qua negavit heri,
Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 20.—Denoting with the proviso that, but only if (usu. ita):6.decreverunt ut cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fuissent,
that the choice should be valid, but only if the Senate should ratify it, Liv. 1, 17, 9:sic ignovisse putato Me tibi si cenes hodie mecum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.—Sic quia = idcirco quia (very rare): Th. Quid vos? Insanin' estis? Tr. Quidum? Th. Sic quia foris ambulatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 20.—7.With inf. clause (freq.):8.sic igitur sentio, naturam primum atque ingenium ad dicendum vim afferre maximam,
Cic. Or. 1, 25, 113:sic a majoribus nostris accepimus, praetorem quaestori suo parentis loco esse oportere,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere,
id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 38; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Inv. 2, 55, 167; id. de Or. 1, 20, 93; 2, 28, 122; id. Brut. 36, 138; 41, 152; id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; Liv. 5, 15, 11.—Esp., after sic habeto (habe, habeas) = scito (only Ciceron.):sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1; so id. ib. 1, 7, 3; 2, 6, 5; 2, 10, 1; 7, 18, 1; 9, 16, 2; id. Att. 2, 25, 1; 5, 1, 5; 5, 20, 1 et saep.—With ut, expressing purpose or result:V.nunc sic faciam, sic consilium est, ad erum ut veniam docte atque astu,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 23:ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:sic accidit ut ex tanto navium numero nulla omnino navis... desideraretur,
Caes. B. G. 5, 23; cf. Cato, R. R. 1, 1; Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4; id. Or. 2, 67, 271.Idiomatic usages of sic.1.In a wish, expressed as a conclusion after an imperative ( poet.):2.parce: sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo (= si parces, bene quiescat),
Tib. 2, 6, 30:annue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,
id. 2, 5, 121:pone, precor, fastus... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, nec excutiant rapidi florentia venti,
Ov. M. 14, 762: dic [p. 1692] mihi de nostra quae sentis vera puella:Sic tibi sint dominae, Lygdame, dempta juga,
Prop. 4, 5, 1; Tib. 2, 6, 30.—The imperative may follow the clause with sic:sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (= si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.),
Verg. E. 9, 30:sic tibi (Arethusa) Doris amara suam non intermisceat undam: Incipe (= si incipies, opto tibi ut Doris, etc.),
id. ib. 10, 4:sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in unda Credulus... Dic ubi sit,
Ov. M. 8, 857; Sen. Troad. 702; cf.:sic te Diva potens Cypri... Ventorumque regat pater, Navis... Reddas incolumem Vergilium (= si tu, navis, reddes Vergilium, prosperum precor tibi cursum),
Hor. C. 1, 3, 1; cf.also: sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores (=si venies, tibi dem),
Tib. 1, 7, 53; cf. Ov. H. 3, 135; 4, 148.—Sic (like ita) with ut in strong asseveration ( poet.):3.sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum (= by the love of the gods, I pity, etc.),
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 54:Diespiter me sic amabit ut ego hanc familiam interire cupio,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 47:sic has deus aequoris artes Adjuvet, ut nemo jamdudum littore in isto constitit,
Ov. M. 8, 866:sic mihi te referas levis, ut non altera nostro limine intulit ulla pedes,
Prop. 1, 18, 11; cf. id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 1; cf.:vera cano, sic usque sacras innoxia laurus vescar,
Tib. 2, 5, 63.—In a demonstrative temporal force, like the Gr. houtôs, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was, etc.(α).In gen.:(β).e Graecis cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum, si qui sunt vetere Graecia digni. Sic vero fallaces sunt permulti et leves,
but as things now stand, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:at sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8: Pe. Pol tibi istuc credo nomen actutum fore. Tr. Dum interea sic sit, istuc actutum sino, provided it be as it is, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 71:quotiens hoc tibi ego interdixi, meam ne sic volgo pollicitarere operam,
thus, as you are doing now, id. Mil. 4, 2, 65:si utrumvis tibi visus essem, Non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,
Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11:non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt),
naked, as they are, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:sub alta platano... jacentes sic temere,
Hor. C. 2, 11, 14.—Esp., with sine and abl.:me germanam meam sororem tibi sic sine dote dedisse,
so as she is, without a dowry, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 65:sic sine malo,
id. Rud. 3, 5, 2:at operam perire meam sic... perpeti nequeo,
without result, id. Trin. 3, 2, 34 Ritschl, Fleck. (Brix omits sic): nec sic de nihilo fulminis ira cadit (= without cause), Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 52: mirabar hoc si sic abiret, so, i. e. without trouble, Ter. And. 1, 2, 4:hoc non poterit sic abire,
Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7; so,sic abire,
id. Att. 14, 1, 1; Cat. 14, 16; Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 39. —Hence,With imperatives, esp. with sine: Quid ego hoc faciam postea? sic sine eumpse, just let him alone, i. e. leave him as he is, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:(γ).si non vult (numerare), sic sine adstet,
id. As. 2, 4, 54:sine fores sic, abi,
let the door alone, id. Men. 2, 3, 1; so id. Cas. 3, 6, 36; id. Ps. 1, 5, 62.—Pregn., implying a concession (= kai houtôs), even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it:4.nolo bis iterare, sat sic longae fiunt fabulae,
narratives are long enough anyhow, as they are, without saying them twice over, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 154:sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis,
even as it was, in spite of what has been said, Ov. M. 13, 896; so,sic quoque fallebat,
id. ib. 1, 698:sed sic me et libertatis fructu privas et diligentiae,
anyhow, not taking into account what is mentioned, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: exhibeas molestiam si quid debeam, qui nunc sic tam es molestus, who art so troublesome even as it is, i. e. without my owing you any thing, Plaut. Pers. 2, 44:sic quoque parte plebis affecta, fides tamen publica potior senatui fuit,
Liv. 7, 27; cf. Ov. F. 2, 642; Suet. Aug. 78.—Ellipt., referring to something in the mind of the speaker:5.Quod si hoc nunc sic incipiam? Nihil est. Quod si sic? Tantumdem egero. At sic opinor? Non potest,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another (= aliis aliter), Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47: Quid vini absumpsit! Sic hoc dicens, asperum hoc est, aliud lenius, = this wine is so (the speaker not saying what he thinks of it), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, or so, i. e. or otherwise, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 2:monitorem non desiderabit qui dicat, Sic incede, sic cena... sic amico utere, sic cive, sic socio,
Sen. Ep. 114.—In answers, yes = the French, Italian, and Spanish si (ante - class. and rare): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 2: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, id. ib. 5, 3, 30: Ch. Sicine est sententia? Me. Sic, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 114. -
11 adeo
1.ăd-ĕo, ĭī, and rarely īvi, ĭtum (arch. adirier for adiri, Enn. Rib. Trag. p. 59), 4, v. n. and a. (acc. to Paul. ex Fest. should be accented a/deo; v. Fest. s. v. adeo, p. 19 Müll.; cf. the foll. word), to go to or approach a person or thing (syn.: accedo, aggredior, advenio, appeto).I.Lit.A.In gen., constr.(α).With ad (very freq.): sed tibi cautim est adeundum ad virum, Att. ap. Non. 512, 10:(β).neque eum ad me adire neque me magni pendere visu'st,
Plaut. Cur. 2, 2, 12:adeamne ad eam?
Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; id. Eun. 3, 5, 30: aut ad consules aut ad te aut ad Brutum adissent, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 208, 5:ad M. Bibulum adierunt, id. Fragm. ap. Arus. p. 213 Lind.: ad aedis nostras nusquam adiit,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 24:adibam ad istum fundum,
Cic. Caec. 29 —With in: priusquam Romam atque in horum conventum adiretis, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 11, § 26 ed. Halm.—Esp.: adire in jus, to go to law:(γ).cum ad praetorem in jus adissemus,
Cic. Verr. 4, § 147; id. Att. 11, 24; Caes. B. C. 1, 87, and in the Plebiscit. de Thermens. lin. 42: QVO DE EA RE IN IOVS ADITVM ERIT, cf. Dirks., Versuche S. p. 193.—Absol.:(δ).adeunt, consistunt, copulantur dexteras,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 38:eccum video: adibo,
Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 5.—With acc.:B.ne Stygeos adeam non libera manes,
Ov. M. 13, 465:voces aetherias adiere domos,
Sil. 6, 253:castrorum vias,
Tac. A. 2, 13:municipia,
id. ib. 39:provinciam,
Suet. Aug. 47:non poterant adire eum,
Vulg. Luc. 8, 19:Graios sales carmine patrio,
to attain to, Verg. Cat. 11, 62; so with latter supine:planioribus aditu locis,
places easier to approach, Liv. 1, 33.—With local adv.:quoquam,
Sall. J. 14:huc,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 60.—Esp.,1.To approach one for the purpose of addressing, asking aid, consulting, and the like, to address, apply to, consult (diff. from aggredior, q. v.). —Constr. with ad or oftener with acc.; hence also pass.:2.quanto satius est, adire blandis verbis atque exquaerere, sintne illa, etc.,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 35:aliquot me adierunt,
Ter. And. 3, 3, 2:adii te heri de filia,
id. Hec. 2, 2, 9: cum pacem peto, cum placo, cum adeo, et cum appello meam, Lucil. ap. Non. 237, 28:ad me adire quosdam memini, qui dicerent,
Cic. Fam. 3, 10:coram adire et alloqui,
Tac. H. 4, 65.— Pass.:aditus consul idem illud responsum retulit,
when applied to, Liv. 37, 6 fin.:neque praetores adiri possent,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5.—Hence: adire aliquem per epistulam, to address one in writing, by a letter:per epistulam, aut per nuntium, quasi regem, adiri eum aiunt,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 9 and 10; cf. Tac. A. 4, 39; id. H. 1, 9.—So also: adire deos, aras, deorum sedes, etc., to approach the gods, their altars, etc., as a suppliant (cf.:acced. ad aras,
Lucr. 5, 1199): quoi me ostendam? quod templum adeam? Att. ap. Non. 281, 6:ut essent simulacra, quae venerantes deos ipsos se adire crederent,
Cic. N. D. 1, 27:adii Dominum et deprecatus sum,
Vulg. Sap. 8, 21:aras,
Cic. Phil. 14, 1:sedes deorum,
Tib. 1, 5, 39:libros Sibyllinos,
to consult the Sibylline Books, Liv. 34, 55; cf. Tac. A. 1, 76:oracula,
Verg. A. 7, 82.—To go to a thing in order to examine it, to visit:3.oppida castellaque munita,
Sall. J. 94:hiberna,
Tac. H. 1, 52.—To come up to one in a hostile manner, to assail, attack:II.aliquem: nunc prior adito tu, ego in insidiis hic ero,
Ter. Ph. 1, 4, 52:nec quisquam ex agmine tanto audet adire virum,
Verg. A. 5, 379:Servilius obvia adire arma jubetur,
Sil. 9, 272.Fig.A.To go to the performance of any act, to enter upon, to undertake, set about, undergo, submit to (cf.: accedo, aggredior, and adorior).—With ad or the acc. (class.):B.nunc eam rem vult, scio, mecum adire ad pactionem,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 25:tum primum nos ad causas et privatas et publicas adire coepimus,
Cic. Brut. 90:adii causas oratorum, id. Fragm. Scaur. ap. Arus. p. 213 Lind.: adire ad rem publicam,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70:ad extremum periculum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 7.—With acc.:periculum capitis,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 38:laboribus susceptis periculisque aditis,
id. Off. 1, 19:in adeundis periculis,
id. ib. 24; cf.:adeundae inimicitiae, subeundae saepe pro re publica tempestates,
id. Sest. 66, 139: ut vitae periculum aditurus videretur, Auct. B. G. 8, 48: maximos labores et summa pericula. Nep. Timol. 5:omnem fortunam,
Liv. 25, 10:dedecus,
Tac. A. 1, 39:servitutem voluntariam,
id. G. 24:invidiam,
id. A. 4, 70:gaudia,
Tib. 1, 5, 39.—Hence of an inheritance, t. t., to enter on:cum ipse hereditatem patris non adisses,
Cic. Phil. 2, 16; so id. Arch. 5; Suet. Aug. 8 and Dig.;hence also: adire nomen,
to assume the name bequeathed by will, Vell. 2, 60.—Adire manum alicui, prov., to deceive one, to make sport of (the origin of this phrase is unc.; Acidalius conjectures that it arose from some artifice practised in wrestling, Wagner ad Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 8):2.eo pacto avarae Veneri pulcre adii manum,
Plaut. Poen. 2, 11; so id. Aul. 2, 8, 8; id. Cas. 5, 2, 54; id. Pers. 5, 2, 18.ăd-ĕō̆, adv. [cf. quoad and adhuc] (acc. to Festus, it should be accented adéo, v. the preced. word; but this distinction is merely a later invention of the grammarians; [p. 33] cf. Gell. 7, 7).I.In the ante-class. per.,A.To designate the limit of space or time, with reference to the distance passed through; hence often accompanied by usque (cf. ad), to this, thus far, so far, as far.1.Of space:2.surculum artito usque adeo, quo praeacueris,
fit in the scion as far as you have sharpened it, Cato, R. R. 40, 3.— Hence: res adeo rediit, the affair has gone so far (viz., in deterioration, “cum aliquid pejus exspectatione contigit,” Don. ad Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 5):postremo adeo res rediit: adulescentulus saepe eadem et graviter audiendo victus est,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 61; cf. id. Ph. 1, 2, 5.—Of time, so long ( as), so long ( till), strengthened by usque, and with dum, donec, following, and in Cic. with quoad:B.merces vectatum undique adeo dum, quae tum haberet, peperisset bona,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 76; 3, 4, 72; id. Am. 1, 2, 10 al.:nusquam destitit instare, suadere, orare, usque adeo donec perpulit,
Ter. And. 4, 1, 36; Cato, R. R. 67; id. ib. 76:atque hoc scitis omnes usque adeo hominem in periculo fuisse, quoad scitum sit Sestium vivere,
Cic. Sest. 38, 82.—For the purpose of equalizing two things in comparison, followed by ut: in the same degree or measure or proportion... in which; or so very, so much, so, to such a degree... as (only in comic poets), Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 38:C.adeon hominem esse invenustum aut infelicem quemquam, ut ego sum?
Ter. And. 1, 5, 10.—Also followed by quasi, when the comparison relates to similarity:gaudere adeo coepit, quasi qui cupiunt nuptias,
in the same manner as those rejoice who desire marriage, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 12.—(Only in the comic poets) = ad haec, praeterea, moreover, besides, too: ibi tibi adeo lectus dabitur, ubi tu haud somnum capias ( beside the other annoyances), a bed, too, shall be given you there, etc., Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 80.—Hence also with etiam:D.adeo etiam argenti faenus creditum audio,
besides too, id. Most. 3, 1, 101.—(Only in the comic poets.) Adeo ut, for this purpose that, to the end that:E.id ego continuo huic dabo, adeo me ut hic emittat manu,
Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 32:id adeo te oratum advenio, ut, etc.,
id. Aul. 4, 10, 9:adeo ut tu meam sententiam jam jam poscere possis, faciam, etc.,
id. ib. 3, 2, 26 (where Wagner now reads at ut):atque adeo ut scire possis, factum ego tecum hoc divido,
id. Stich. 5, 4, 15. (These passages are so interpreted by Hand, I. p. 138; others regard adeo here = quin immo.)—In narration, in order to put one person in strong contrast with another. It may be denoted by a stronger emphasis upon the word to be made conspicuous, or by yet, on the contrary, etc.:II.jam ille illuc ad erum cum advenerit, narrabit, etc.: ille adeo illum mentiri sibi credet,
Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 4 sq.; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 8 al.To the Latin of every period belongs the use of this word,A.To give emphasis to an idea in comparison, so, so much, so very, with verbs, adjectives, and substantives:B.adeo ut spectare postea omnīs oderit,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 65:neminem quidem adeo infatuare potuit, ut ei nummum ullum crederet,
Cic. Fl. 20, 47:adeoque inopia est coactus Hannibal, ut, etc.,
Liv. 22, 32, 3 Weiss.:et voltu adeo modesto, adeo venusto, ut nil supra,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 92:nemo adeo ferus est, ut, etc.,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 39.—With usque:adeo ego illum cogam usque, ut mendicet meus pater,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 4, 10:usque adeo turbatur,
even so much, so continually, Verg. E. 1, 12; Curt. 10, 1, 42; Luc. 1, 366.—In questions:adeone me fuisse fungum, ut qui illi crederem?
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 49:adeone hospes hujus urbis, adeone ignarus es disciplinae consuetudinisque nostrae, ut haec nescias?
Cic. Rab. 10, 28; so id. Phil. 2, 7, 15; id. Fam. 9, 10; Liv. 2, 7, 10; 5, 6, 4.—With a negative in both clauses, also with quin in the last:non tamen adeo virtutum sterile saeculum, ut non et bona exempla prodiderit,
Tac. H. 1, 3; so Suet. Oth. 9:verum ego numquam adeo astutus fui, quin, etc.,
Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 13.—Sometimes the concluding clause is to be supplied from the first: quis genus Aeneadum, quis Trojae nesciat urbem?... non obtusa adeo gestamus pectora Poeni, viz.,
that we know not the Trojans and their history, Verg. A. 1, 565:adeo senuerunt Juppiter et Mars?
Juv. 6, 59.—Hence (post-Cic.): adeo non ut... adeo nihil ut... so little that, so far from that... (in reference to which, it should be noticed that in Latin the negative is blended with the verb in one idea, which is qualified by adeo) = tantum abest ut: haec dicta adeo nihil moverunt quemquam, ut legati prope violati sint, these words left them all so unmoved that, etc., or had so little effect, etc., Liv. 3, 2, 7: qui adeo non tenuit iram, ut gladio cinctum in senatum venturum se esse palam diceret, who restrained his anger so little that, etc. (for, qui non—tenuit iram adeo, ut), id. 8, 7, 5; so 5, 45, 4; Vell. 2, 66, 4: Curt. 3, 12, 22.—Also with contra in the concluding clause:apud hostes Afri et Carthaginienses adeo non sustinebant, ut contra etiam pedem referrent,
Liv. 30, 34, 5. —Adeo is placed enclitically after its word, like quidem, certe, and the Gr. ge, even, indeed, just, precisely. So,1.Most freq. with pronouns, in order to render prominent something before said, or foll., or otherwise known (cf. in Gr. egôge, suge, autos ge, etc., Viger. ed. Herm. 489, vi. and Zeun.): argentariis male credi qui aiunt, nugas praedicant: nam et bene et male credi dico; id adeo hodie ego expertus sum, just this (touto ge), Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 1; so id. Aul. 2, 4, 10; 4, 2, 15; id. Am. 1, 1, 98; 1, 2, 6; id. Ep. 1, 1, 51; 2, 2, 31; 5, 2, 40; id. Poen. 1, 2, 57: plerique homines, quos, cum nihil refert, pudet;2.ubi pudendum'st ibi eos deserit pudor, is adeo tu es,
you are just such a one, id. Ep. 2, 1, 2:cui tu obsecutus, facis huic adeo injuriam,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 68: tute adeo jam ejus verba audies, you yourself shall hear what he has to say (suge akousêi), Ter. And. 3, 3, 27: Dolabella tuo nihil scito mihi esse jucundius: hanc adeo habebo gratiam illi, i. e. hanc, quae maxima est, gratiam (tautên ge tên charin), Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16:haec adeo ex illo mihi jam speranda fuerunt,
even this, Verg. A. 11, 275.—It is often to be translated by the intensive and, and just, etc. (so esp. in Cic. and the histt.): id adeo, si placet, considerate, just that (touto ge skopeite), Cic. Caec. 30, 87:id adeo ex ipso senatus consulto cognoscite,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 64, 143; cf. id. Clu. 30, 80:ad hoc quicumque aliarum atque senatus partium erant, conturbari remp., quam minus valere ipsi malebant. Id adeo malum multos post annos in civitatem reverterat,
And just this evil, Sall. C. 37, 11; so 37, 2; id. J. 68, 3; Liv. 2, 29, 9; 4, 2, 2: id adeo manifestum erit, si cognoverimus, etc., and this, precisely this, will be evident, if, etc., Quint. 2, 16, 18 Spald.—It is rarely used with ille:ille adeo illum mentiri sibi credet,
Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 6.—Sometimes with the rel. pron.: quas adeo haud quisquam liber umquam tetigit, Plaut: Poen. 1, 2, 57; Cic. Fin. 2, 12, 37. —With interrog. pron.:Quis adeo tam Latinae linguae ignarus est, quin, etc.,
Gell. 7, 17.—Adeo is joined with the pers. pron. when the discourse passes from one person to another, and attention is to be particularly directed to the latter: Juppiter, tuque adeo summe Sol, qui res omnes inspicis, and thou especially, and chiefly thou, Enn. ap. Prob.:teque adeo decus hoc aevi inibit,
Verg. E. 4, 11; id. G. 1, 24: teque, Neptune, invoco, vosque adeo venti, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 34, 73;and without the copulative: vos adeo... item ego vos virgis circumvinciam,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 25.— Ego adeo often stands for ego quidem, equidem (egôge):tum libertatem Chrysalo largibere: ego adeo numquam accipiam,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 30; so id. Mil. 4, 4, 55; id. Truc. 4, 3, 73:ego adeo hanc primus inveni viam,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 16:nec me adeo fallit,
Verg. A. 4, 96.—Ipse adeo (autos ge), for the sake of emphasis:atque hercle ipsum adeo contuor,
Plaut. As. 2, 3, 24:ipsum adeo praesto video cum Davo,
Ter. And. 2, 5, 4:ipse adeo senis ductor Rhoeteus ibat pulsibus,
Sil. 14, 487.—With the conditional conjj. si, nisi, etc. (Gr. ei ge), if indeed, if truly:3.nihili est autem suum qui officium facere immemor est, nisi adeo monitus,
unless, indeed, he is reminded of it, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 2: Si. Num illi molestae quippiam hae sunt nuptiae? Da. Nihil Hercle: aut si adeo, bidui est aut tridui haec sollicitudo, and if, indeed, etc. (not if also, for also is implied in aut), Ter. And. 2, 6, 7.—With adverbs: nunc adeo (nun ge), Plaut. As. 3, 1, 29; id. Mil. 2, 2, 4; id. Merc. 2, 2, 57; id. Men. 1, 2, 11; id. Ps. 1, 2, 52; id. Rud. 3, 4, 23; Ter. And. 4, 5, 26; Verg. A. 9, 156: jam adeo (dê ge), id. ib. 5, 268; Sil. 1, 20; 12, 534; Val. Fl. 3, 70. umquam adeo, Plaut. Cas. 5, 4, 23:4.inde adeo,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 1:hinc adeo,
Verg. E. 9, 59: sic adeo (houtôs ge), id. A. 4, 533; Sil. 12, 646:vix adeo,
Verg. A. 6, 498:non adeo,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 57; Verg. A. 11, 436. —With adjectives = vel, indeed, even, very, fully:5.quot adeo cenae, quas deflevi, mortuae!
how very many suppers, Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 59: quotque adeo fuerint, qui temnere superbum... Lucil. ap. Non. 180, 2: nullumne malorum finem adeo poenaeque dabis (adeo separated from nullum by poet. license)? wilt thou make no end at all to calamity and punishment? Val. Fl. 4, 63:trīs adeo incertos caeca caligine soles erramus,
three whole days we wander about, Verg. A. 3, 203; 7, 629.—And with comp. or the adv. magis, multo, etc.:quae futura et quae facta, eloquar: multo adeo melius quam illi, cum sim Juppiter,
very much better, Plaut. Am. 5, 2, 3; so id. Truc. 2, 1, 5:magis adeo id facilitate quam aliā ullā culpā meā, contigit,
Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15.—With the conjj. sive, aut, vel, in order to annex a more important thought, or to make a correction, or indeed, or rather, or even only:6.sive qui ipsi ambīssent, seu per internuntium, sive adeo aediles perfidiose quoi duint,
Plaut. Am. prol. 71:si hercle scivissem, sive adeo joculo dixisset mihi, se illam amare,
id. Merc. 5, 4, 33; so id. Truc. 4, 3, 1; id. Men. 5, 2, 74; Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 9: nam si te tegeret pudor, sive adeo cor sapientia imbutum foret, Pacuv. ap. Non. 521, 10:mihi adeunda est ratio, quā ad Apronii quaestum, sive adeo, quā ad istius ingentem immanemque praedam possim pervenire,
or rather, Cic. Verr 2, 3, 46, 110; Verg. A. 11, 369; so, atque adeo:ego princeps in adjutoribus atque adeo secundus,
Cic. Att. 1, 17, 9.—With the imperative, for emphasis, like tandem, modo, dum, the Germ. so, and the Gr. ge (cf. L. and S.), now, I pray:C.propera adeo puerum tollere hinc ab janua,
Ter. And. 4, 4, 20 (cf. xullabete g auton, Soph. Phil. 1003).—Like admodum or nimis, to give emphasis to an idea (for the most part only in comic poets, and never except with the positive of the adj.; cf. Consent. 2023 P.), indeed, truly, so very, so entirely:D.nam me ejus spero fratrem propemodum jam repperisse adulescentem adeo nobilem,
so very noble, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 123:nec sum adeo informis,
nor am I so very ugly, Verg. E. 2, 25:nam Caii Luciique casu non adeo fractus,
Suet. Aug. 65:et merito adeo,
and with perfect right, Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 42:etiam num credis te ignorarier aut tua facta adeo,
do you, then, think that they are ignorant of you or your conduct entirely? id. Ph. 5, 8, 38.—To denote what exceeds expectation, even: quam omnium Thebis vir unam esse optimam dijudicat, quamque adeo cives Thebani rumificant probam, and whom even the Thebans (who are always ready to speak evil of others) declare to be an honest woman, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 44.— Hence also it denotes something added to the rest of the sentence, besides, too, over and above, usually in the connection: -que adeo (rare, and never in prose; cf.III.adhuc, I.): quin te Di omnes perdant qui me hodie oculis vidisti tuis, meque adeo scelestum,
and me too, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 122; cf. id. 4, 2, 32:haec adeo tibi me, ipsa palam fari omnipotens Saturnia jussit,
Verg. A. 7, 427.After Caesar and Cicero (the only instance of this use adduced from Cicero's works, Off. 1, 11, 36, being found in a passage rejected by the best critics, as B. and K.).A.For adding an important and satisfactory reason to an assertion, and then it always stands at the beginning of the clause, indeed, for:B.cum Hanno perorāsset, nemini omnium cum eo certare necesse fuit: adeo prope omnis senatus Hannibalis erat: the idea is,
Hanno's speech, though so powerful, was ineffectual, and did not need a reply; for all the senators belonged to the party of Hannibal, Liv. 21, 11, 1; so id. 2, 27, 3; 2, 28, 2; 8, 37, 2; Tac. Ann. 1, 50, 81; Juv. 3, 274; 14, 233.—Also for introducing a parenthesis: sed ne illi quidem ipsi satis mitem gentem fore (adeo ferocia atque indomita [p. 34] ingenia esse) ni subinde auro... principum animi concilientur, Liv. 21, 20, 8; so id. 9, 26, 17; 3, 4, 2; Tac. A. 2, 28.—When to a specific fact a general consideration is added as a reason for it, so, thus (in Livy very often):C.haud dubius, facilem in aequo campi victoriam fore: adeo non fortuna modo, sed ratio etiam cum barbaris stabat,
thus not only fortune, but sagacity, was on the side of the barbarians, Liv. 5, 38, 4:adeo ex parvis saepe magnarum momenta rerum pendent,
id. 27, 9, 1; so id. 4, 31, 5; 21, 33, 6; 28, 19; Quint. 1, 12, 7; Curt. 10, 2, 11; Tac. Agr. 1:adeo in teneris consuescere multum est,
Verg. G. 2, 272.—In advancing from one thought to another more important = immo, rather, indeed, nay: nulla umquam res publica ubi tantus paupertati ac parsimoniae honos fuerit: adeo, quanto rerum minus, tanto minus cupiditatis erat, Liv. praef. 11; so Gell. 11, 7; Symm. Ep. 1, 30, 37.—D.With a negative after ne—quidem or quoque, so much the more or less, much less than, still less (post-Aug.):hujus totius temporis fortunam ne deflere quidem satis quisquam digne potuit: adeo nemo exprimere verbis potest,
still less can one describe: it by words, Vell. 2, 67, 1:ne tecta quidem urbis, adeo publicum consilium numquam adiit,
still less, Tac. A. 6, 15; so id. H. 3, 64; Curt. 7, 5, 35:favore militum anxius et superbia viri aequalium quoque, adeo superiorum intolerantis,
who could not endure his equals even, much less his superiors, Tac. H. 4, 80.—So in gen., after any negative: quaelibet enim ex iis artibus in paucos libros contrahi solet: adeo infinito spatio ac traditione opus non est, so much the less is there need, etc., Quint. 12, 11, 16; Plin. 17, 12, 35, § 179; Tac. H. 3, 39.—(The assumption of a causal signif. of adeo = ideo, propterea, rests upon false readings. For in Cael. Cic. Fam. 8, 15 we should read ideo, B. and K., and in Liv. 24, 32, 6, ad ea, Weiss.).—See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 135-155. -
12 volo
1.vŏlo (2 d pers. sing. vis, orig. veis, Prisc. 9, 1, 6, p. 847 P.; 1 st pers. plur. volumus, but volimus, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 89 Speng.; 3 d pers. sing. volt, and 2 d pers. plur. voltis always in ante-class. writers;I.also volt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 17, § 42; 2, 5, 49, § 128; id. Sest. 42, 90; id. Phil. 8, 9, 26; id. Par. 5, 1, 34; id. Rep. 3, 33, 45:voltis,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 53, § 122; 2, 3, 94, § 219; 2, 5, 5, § 11; 2, 3, 89, § 208; id. Clu. 30, 83; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 33; id. Sest. 30, 64; id. Par. 1, 2, 11 et saep. — Pres. subj. velim, but sometimes volim, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 44 Ritschl; cf. Prisc. 9, 1, 8, p. 848 P.;so volint,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 65 Ritschl), velle, volui ( part. fut. voliturus, Serv. ad Verg. A. 5, 712; contr. forms, vin for visne, freq. in Plaut. and Ter., also Hor. S. 1, 9, 69; Pers. 6, 63:sis for si vis,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 70; id. Merc. 4, 4, 37; id. Pers. 3, 3, 8; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20; id. Heaut. 1, 2, 38; Cic. Tusc. 2, 18, 42; id. Rosc. Am. 16, 48; id. Mil. 22, 60; Liv. 34, 32, 20:sultis for si voltis, only ante-class.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 8; id. As. prol. 1; id. Capt. 2, 3, 96; 3, 5, 9; 4, 4, 11), v. irreg. a. [Sanscr. var-; Gr. bol-, boulomai; cf. the strengthened root Wel- in eeldomai, elpomai; Germ. wollen; Engl. will], expressing any exercise of volition, and corresponding, in most cases, to the Germ. wollen; in Engl. mostly rendered, to wish, want, intend, purpose, propose, be willing, consent, mean, will, and, impersonally, it is my will, purpose, intention, plan, policy (syn.: cupio, opto; but volo properly implies a purpose).In gen.A.With object-infinitive.1.With pres. inf.a.To wish.(α).Exire ex urbe priusquam luciscat volo, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 35:(β).potare ego hodie tecum volo,
id. Aul. 3, 6, 33:ego quoque volo esse liber: nequiquam volo,
id. Trin. 2, 4, 39; so id. ib. 2, 4, 164:ait rem seriam agere velle mecum,
Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 8:natus enim debet quicunque est velle manere In vita,
Lucr. 5, 177:video te alte spectare et velle in caelum migrare,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 34, 82:quid poetae? Nonne post mortem nobilitari volunt?
id. ib. 1, 15, 34:si innocentes existimari volumus,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28:quoniam opinionis meae voluistis esse participes,
id. de Or. 1, 37, 172:quod eas quoque nationes adire et regiones cognoscere volebat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:si velit suos recipere, obsides sibi remittat,
id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dominari illi volunt, vos liberi esse,
Sall. J. 31, 23:si haec relinquere voltis,
id. C. 58, 15:priusquam liberi estis, dominari jam in adversarios vultis,
Liv. 3, 53, 7:si quis vestrum suos invisere volt, commeatum do,
id. 21, 21, 5:non enim vincere tantum noluit, sed vinci voluit,
id. 2, 59, 2:suspitionem Caesar quibusdam reliquit, neque voluisse se diutius vivere, neque curasse,
Suet. Caes. 85:Eutrapelus cuicunque nocere volebat, Vestimenta dabat pretiosa,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 31.—Idiomatically: quid arbitramini Rheginos merere velle ut ab iis marmorea illa Venus auferatur? what do you think the Rhegini would take for, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 60, § 135.—(γ).Transf., of things: fabula quae posci vult et spectata reponi, a comedy which wishes (i. e. is meant) to be in demand, etc., Hor. A. P. 190:b.neque enim aut hiare semper vocalibus aut destitui temporibus volunt sermo atque epistula,
Quint. 9, 4, 20; cf. id. 8, prooem. 23.—Of the wishes of those that have a right to command, the gods, masters, parents, commanders, etc., I want, wish, will, am resolved, it is my will:c.in acdibus quid tibi meis erat negoti...? Volo scire,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 14; 3, 2, 17; 3, 2, 18; 3, 6, 27; id. Curc. 4, 3, 11; id. Ep. 3, 4, 74; id. Mil. 2, 3, 74; 3, 1, 17; id. Stich. 1, 2, 56; Ter. And. 1, 2, 9; 4, 2, 17:maxima voce clamat populus, neque se uni, nec paucis velle parere,
Cic. Rep. 1, 35, 55:consuesse deos immortalis, quos pro scelere eorum ulcisci velint, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 13:hic experiri vim virtutemque volo,
Liv. 23, 45, 9.—= in animo habere, to intend, purpose, mean, design:d.ac volui inicere tragulam in nostrum senem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 4, 14:eadem quae illis voluisti facere tu, faciunt tibi,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 11; so id. Most. 2, 2, 5:puerumque clam voluit exstinguere,
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 23:necare candem voluit,
Cic. Cael. 13, 31: quid enim ad illum qui te captare vult, utrum [p. 2005] tacentem te irretiat an loquentem? id. Ac. 2, 29, 94:hostis hostem occidere volui,
Liv. 2, 12, 9; 7, 34, 11: volui interdiu eum... occidere; volui, cum ad cenam invitavi, veneno scilicet tollere;volui... ferro interficere (ironically),
id. 40, 13, 2:tuum crimen erit, hospitem occidere voluisse,
the intention to kill your guest-friend, Val. Max. 5, 1, 3 fin.; 6, 1, 8:non enim vult mori, sed invidiam filio facere,
Quint. 9, 2, 85.—Pregn., opp. optare: non vult mori qui optat,
Sen. Ep. 117, 24:sed eo die is, cui dare volueram (epistulam), non est profectus,
Cic. Att. 9, 7, 1:cum de senectute vellem aliquid scribere,
id. Sen. 1, 2:ego te volui castigare, tu mihi accussatrix ades,
Plaut. As. 3, 1, 10:bonus volo jam ex hoc die esse,
id. Pers. 4, 3, 10:ego jam a principio amici filiam, Ita ut aequom fuerat, volui uxorem ducere,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 46:at etiam eo negotio M. Catonis splendorem maculare voluerunt,
it was their purpose, Cic. Sest. 28, 60:eum (tumulum) non tam capere sine certamine volebat, quam causam certaminis cum Minucio contrahere,
his plan was, Liv. 22, 28, 4.—Of things:cum lex venditionibus occurrere voluit,
when it was the purpose of the law, Dig. 46, 1, 46: sed quid ea drachuma facere vis? Ca. Restim volo Mihi emere... qui me faciam pensilem, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 87: Ch. Revorsionem ad terram faciunt vesperi. Ni. Aurum hercle auferre voluere, id. Bacch. 2, 3, 63:si iis qui haec omnia flamma ac ferro delere voluerunt... bellum indixi, etc.,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 10, 24:(plebem) per caedem senatus vacuam rem publicam tradere Hannibali velle,
Liv. 23, 2, 7:rem Nolanam in jus dicionemque dare voluerat Poeno,
id. 23, 15, 9: qui (majores nostri) tanta cura Siculos tueri ac retinere voluerunt ut, etc., whose policy it was to protect, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 14:ut qui a principio mitis omnibus Italicis praeter Romanos videri vellet, etc.,
Liv. 23, 15, 4: idem istuc, si in vilitate largiri voluisses, derisum tuum beneficium esset, if you had offered to grant the same thing during low prices, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 92, § 215.—= studere, conari, to try, endeavor, attempt:e.quas (i. e. magnas res) qui impedire vult, is et infirmus est mobilisque natura, et, etc.,
Cic. Lael. 20, 75:nam si quando id (exordium) primum invenire volui, nullum mihi occurrit, nisi aut exile, aut, etc.,
id. Or. 2, 77, 315:de Antonio dico, numquam illum... nonnullorum de ipso suspitionem infitiando tollere voluisse,
that he never attempted to remove, id. Sest. 3, 8; id. Div. 1, 18, 35:audes Fatidicum fallere velle deum?
do you dare attempt? Ov. F. 2, 262.—To mean, of actions and expressions:f.hic respondere voluit, non lacessere,
the latter meant to answer, not to provoke, Ter. Phorm. prol. 19:non te judices urbi sed carceri reservarunt, neque to retinere in civitate, sed exilio privare voluerunt,
Cic. Att. 1, 16, 9.—So, volo dicere, I mean (lit. I intend to say):quid aliud volui dicere?
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 51:volo autem dicere, illud homini longe optimum esse quod ipsum sit optandum per se,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 20, 46.—Often with the acc. illud or id, as a correction: Tr. Specta quam arcte dormiunt. Th. Dormiunt? Tr. Illut quidem ut conivent volui dicere, I mean how they nod, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 145: Py. Quid? bracchium? Ar. Illud dicere volui femur, id. Mil. 1, 1, 27:adduxi volui dicere,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 21; id. Am. 1, 1, 233; 1, 1, 235; id. Cas. 2, 6, 14; id. Mil. 3, 2, 7; id. Ps. 3, 2, 54; id. Rud. 2, 4, 9.—To be going to: haec argumenta ego aedificiis dixi; nunc etiam volo docere ut homines aedium esse similes arbitremini, now I am going to show how, etc., Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 37: quando bene gessi rem, volo hic in fano supplicare, I am going to worship here, etc., id. Curc. 4, 2, 41:g.nunc quod relicuom restat volo persolvere,
id. Cist. 1, 3, 40:sustine hoc, Penicule, exuvias facere quas vovi volo,
id. Men. 1, 3, 13:sinite me prospectare ne uspiam insidiae sint, consilium quod habere volumus,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 3; id. As. 2, 2, 113; id. Cas. 4, 2, 3; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 61:si Prometheus, cum mortalibus ignem dividere vellet, ipse a vicinis carbunculos conrogaret, ridiculus videretur,
Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9:ait se velle de illis HS. LXXX. cognoscere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 23, § 56:hinc se recipere cum vellent, rursus illi ex loco superiore nostros premebant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 45. —To be about to, on the point of: quom mittere signum Volt, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 88 Vahl.):h.quotiens ire volo foras, retines me, rogitas quo ego eam,
Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 5:quae sese in ignem inicere voluit, prohibui,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 113:si scires aspidem latere uspiam, et velle aliquem imprudentem super eam adsidere,
Cic. Fin. 2, 18, 59; id. Div. 1, 52, 118:quod cum facere vellent, intervenit M. Manilius,
id. Rep. 1, 12, 18:qui cum opem ferre vellet, nuntiatum sibi esse aliam classem ad Aegates insulas stare,
Liv. 22, 56, 7:at Libys obstantes dum vult obvertere remos, In spatium resilire manus breve vidit,
Ov. M. 3, 676; 1, 635:P. Claudius cum proelium navale committere vellet,
Val. Max. 1, 4, 3.—Will, and in oblique discourse and questions would, the auxiliaries of the future and potential: animum advortite: Comediai nomen dari vobis volo, I will give you, etc., Plaut. Cas. prol. 30:k.sed, nisi molestum est, nomen dare vobis volo comediai,
id. Poen. prol. 50:vos ite intro. Interea ego ex hac statua verberea volo erogitare... quid sit factum,
id. Capt. 5, 1, 30:i tu atque arcessi illam: ego intus quod facto est opus volo adcurare,
id. Cas. 3, 3, 35; id. Cist. 1, 1, 113; id. Most. 1, 1, 63; id. Poen. 2, 44; id. Pers. 1, 3, 85; id. Rud. 1, 2, 33: cum vero (gemitus) nihil imminuat doloris, cur frustra turpes esse volumus? why will ( would) we be disgraceful to no purpose? Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 57:illa enim (ars) te, verum si loqui volumus, ornaverat,
id. ib. 1, 47, 112:ergo, si vere aestimare volumus, etc.,
Val. Max. 7, 5, 6:si vere aestimare Macedonas, qui tunc erant, volumus,
Curt. 4, 16, 33:ejus me compotem facere potestis, si meminisse vultis, etc.,
Liv. 7, 40, 5:visne igitur, dum dies ista venit... interea tu ipse congredi mecum ut, etc....?
id. 8, 7, 7:volo tibi Chrysippi quoque distinctionem indicare,
Sen. Ep. 9, 14: vis tu homines urbemque feris praeponere silvis? will you prefer, etc., Hor. S. 2, 6, 92; cf. velim and vellem, would, II. A. 2.—Sometimes volui = mihi placuit, I resolved, concluded (generally, in this meaning, followed by an infinitive clause, v. I. B. 4.):1.uti tamen tuo consilio volui,
still I concluded to follow your advice, Cic. Att. 8, 3, 1.—To be willing, ready, to consent, like to do something: si sine bello velint rapta... tradere... se exercitum domum reducturum, if they were willing, would consent to, would deliver, etc., Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 52:m.is dare volt, is se aliquid posci,
likes to give, id. As. 1, 3, 29:hoc dixit, si hoc de cella concederetur, velle Siculos senatui polliceri frumentum in cellam gratis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 87, § 200:ei laxiorem daturos, si venire ad causam dicendam vellet,
Liv. 39, 17, 2; 5, 36, 4: nemo invenitur qui pecuniam suam dividere velit. Sen. Brev. Vit. 3, 1:plerique concessam sibi sub condicione vitam si militare adversus eum vellent, recusarunt,
Suet. Caes. 68:dedere etiam se volebant, si toleranda viris imperarentur,
Flor. 1, 33 (2, 18), 12.—So with negatives, to be not willing, not to suffer, not to like, not to allow, refuse:heri nemo voluit Sostratam intro admittere,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 49:cum alter verum audire non vult,
Cic. Lael. 26, 98: a proximis quisque minime anteiri vult, likes least to be surpassed, etc., Liv. 6, 34, 7:nihil ex his praeter... accipere voluit,
refused to accept, Val. Max. 4, 3, 4.—To do something voluntarily or intentionally: volo facere = mea voluntate or sponte facio: si voluit accusare, pietati tribuo;n.si jussus est, necessitati,
if he accused of his own free will, I ascribe it to his filial love, Cic. Cael. 1, 2:utrum statuas voluerint tibi statuere, an coacti sint,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 65, § 157:de risu quinque sunt quae quaerantur... sitne oratoris risum velle permovere,
on purpose, id. Or. 2, 58, 235:laedere numquam velimus,
Quint. 6, 3, 28.—So, non velle with inf., to do something unwillingly, with reluctance:vivere noluit qui mori non vult,
who dies with reluctance, Sen. Ep. 30, 10.—To be of opinion, think, mean, pretend (rare with inf.; usu. with acc. and inf.; v. B. 8.):o.haec tibi scripsi ut isto ipso in genere in quo aliquid posse vis, te nihil esse cognosceres,
in which you imagine you have some influence, Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:in hoc homo luteus etiam callidus ac veterator esse vult, quod ita scribit, etc.,
pretends, means to be, id. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 35: sed idem Aelius Stoicus esse voluit, orator autem nec studuit um quam, nec fuit, id. Brut. 56, 206:Pythago. ras, qui etiam ipse augur esse vellet,
id. Div. 1, 3, 5.—To like, have no objection to, approve of (cf. E. 1. sq.):2.magis eum delectat qui se ait philosophari velle sed paucis: nam omnino haud placere,
that he liked, had no objection to philosophizing, Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30; v. also II. A.—With pres. inf. understood.a.Supplied from a preceding or subsequent clause.(α).To wish, it is his will, etc. (cf. 1. a. and b. supra):(β).nunc bene vivo et fortunate atque ut volo, i. e. vivere,
as I wish, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 111: quod diu vivendo multa quae non volt (i. e. videre) videt, Caecil. ap. Cic. Sen. 8, 25:proinde licet quotvis vivendo condere saecla,
Lucr. 3, 1090:nec tantum proficiebam quantum volebam,
Cic. Att. 1, 17, 1:tot autem rationes attulit, ut velle (i. e. persuadere) ceteris, sibi certe persuasisse videatur,
id. Tusc. 1, 21, 49:sed liceret, si velint, in Ubiorum finibus considere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 81:quo praesidio senatus libere quae vellet decernere auderet,
id. B. C. 1, 2.—Of things:neque chorda sonum reddit quem vult manus et mens,
Hor. A. P. 348.—To choose, be pleased (freq.):(γ).tum mihi faciat quod volt magnus Juppiter,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 50:id repetundi copia est, quando velis,
id. Trin. 5, 2, 7:habuit aurum quamdiu voluit,
Cic. Cael. 13, 31:rapiebat et asportabat quantum a quoque volebat Apronius,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 12, § 29:provincias quas vellet, quibus vellet, venderet?
id. Sest. 39, 84:quotiens ille tibi potestatem facturus sit ut eligas utrum velis,
id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:daret utrum vellet subclamatum est,
Liv. 21, 18, 14:senatus consultum factum est ut plebes praeficeret quaestioni quem vellet,
id. 4, 51, 2:saxi materiaeque caedendae unde quisque vellet jus factum,
id. 5, 55, 3; cf. id. 2, 13, 9; 5, 46, 10; 6, 25, 5; 22, 10, 23; 23, 6, 2; 23, 15, 15; 23, 45, 10; 23, 47, 2;26, 21, 11: vicem suam conquestus, quod sibi soli non liceret amicis, quatenus vellet, irasci,
Suet. Aug. 66:at tu quantum vis tolle,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 16.—To intend, it is my purpose, etc. (v. 1. c. supra):(δ).sine me pervenire quo volo,
let me come to my point, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 44:scripsi igitur Aristotelio more, quemadmodum quidem volui, tres libros... de Oratore,
as I intended, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 23:ut meliore condicione quam qua ipse vult imitetur homines eos qui, etc.,
id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 25:ego istos posse vincere scio, velle ne scirem ipsi fecerunt,
Liv. 2, 45, 12. —To be willing, to consent, I will (v. 1. h. and l. supra): tu eum orato... St. Sane volo, yes, I will, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 57:(ε).jube me vinciri. Volo, dum istic itidem vinciatur,
id. Capt. 3, 4, 75:patri dic velle (i. e. uxorem ducere),
that you consent, are willing, Ter. And. 2, 3, 20 (cf.: si vis, II. A. 2, and sis, supra init.).—To do something voluntarily (v. 1. m. supra):b.tu selige tantum, Me quoque velle velis, anne coactus amem,
Ov. Am. 3, 11, 50.—With ellipsis of inf.(α).Volo, with a designation of place, = ire volo:(β).nos in Formiano morabamur, quo citius audiremus: deinde Arpinum volebamus,
I intended to go to Arpinum, Cic. Att. 9, 1, 3:volo mensi Quinctili in Graeciam,
id. ib. 14, 7, 2:hactenus Vitellius voluerat (i. e. procedere),
Tac. A. 12, 42 fin. —With other omissions, supplied from context: volo Dolabellae valde desideranti, non reperio quid (i. e. to dedicate some writing to him), Cic. Att. 13, 13, 2.—(γ).In mal. part., Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 7; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 16; 2. 19, 2; Prop. 1, 13, 36.—3.With perfect infinitive active (rare).a.In negative imperative sentences dependent on ne velis, ne velit (in oblique discourse also ne vellet), where ne velis has the force of noli. The perfect infinitive emphatically represents the action as completed (ante-class. and poet.).(α).In ancient ordinances of the Senate and of the higher officers (not in laws proper): NEIQVIS EORVM BACANAL HABVISE VELET... BACAS VIR NEQVIS ADIESE VELET CEIVIS ROMANVS... NEVE PECVNIAM QVISQVAM EORVM COMOINEM HABVISE VELET... NEVE... QVIQVAM FECISE VELET. NEVE INTER SED CONIOVRASE, NEVE COMVOVISE NEVE CONSPONDISE, etc., S. C. de Bacch. 4-13 ap. Wordsworth, Fragm. and Spec. p. 172.—So, in quoting such ordinances: per totam Italiam edicta mitti ne quis qui Bacchis initiatus esset, coisse aut convenisse causa sacrorum velit. [p. 2006] neu quid talis rei divinae fecisse, Liv. 39, 14, 8:(β).edixerunt ne quis quid fugae causa vendidisse neve emisse vellet,
id. 39, 17, 3. —In imitation of official edicts: (vilicus) ne quid emisse velit insciente domino, neu quid domino celasse velit, the overseer must not buy any thing, etc., Cato, R. R. 5, 4:b.interdico, ne extulisse extra aedis puerum usquam velis,
Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 48:oscula praecipue nulla dedisse velis (= noli dare),
Ov. Am. 1, 4, 38:ne quis humasse velit Ajacem, Atride, vetas? Cur?
Hor. S. 2, 3, 187.—In affirmative sentences, implying command (in any mood or tense; mostly poet.): neminem nota strenui aut ignavi militis notasse volui, I have decided to mark no one, etc., Liv. 24, 16, 11: quia pepercisse vobis volunt, committere vos cur pereatis non patiuntur, because they have decided to spare you, etc., id. 32, 21, 33:c.sunt delicta tamen quibus ignovisse velimus (= volumus),
which should be pardoned, Hor. A. P. 347.—To represent the will as referring to a completed action.(α).In optative sentences with vellem or velim, v. II. B. 5. b. a, and II. C. 1. b.—(β).In other sentences ( poet. and post-class.): ex omnibus praediis ex quibus non hac mente recedimus ut omisisse possessionem velimus, with the will to abandon (omittere would denote the purpose to give up at some future time), Dig. 43, 16, 1, § 25; so,B.an erit qui velle recuset Os populi meruisse?
Pers. 1, 41:qui me volet incurvasse querela,
id. 1, 91.With acc. and inf.1.To wish (v. A. 1. a.).a.With a different subject: hoc volo scire te: Perditus sum miser, I wish you to know, etc., Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 46:b.deos volo consilia vostra vobis recte vortere,
id. Trin. 5, 2, 31:emere oportet quem tibi oboedire velis,
id. Pers. 2, 4, 2:scin' quid nunc te facere volo?
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 85:si perpetuam vis esse adfinitatem hanc,
id. Hec. 2, 2, 10:consul ille egit eas res quarum me participem esse voluit,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 17, 41:vim volumus exstingui: jus valeat necesse est,
id. Sest. 42, 92:nec mihi hunc errorem extorqueri volo,
id. Sen. 23, 85:hoc te scire volui,
id. Att. 7, 18, 4:harum causarum fuit justissima quod Germanos suis quoque rebus timere voluit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16:ut equites qui salvam esse rempublicam vellent ex equis desilirent,
Liv. 4, 38, 2:si me vivere vis recteque videre valentem,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 3:si vis me flere, dolendum est Primum ipsi tibi,
id. A. P. 102.—With pass. inf. impers.:regnari tamen omnes volebant,
that there should be a king, Liv. 1, 17, 3:mihi volo ignosci,
I wish to be pardoned, Cic. Or. 1, 28, 130:volt sibi quisque credi,
Liv. 22, 22, 14. —With the same subject.(α).With inf. act.:(β).quae mihi est spes qua me vivere velim,
what hope have I, that I should wish to live? Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 33:volo me placere Philolachi,
id. Most. 1, 3, 11; cf. id. Trin. 2, 2, 47; id. Rud. 2, 6, 1:judicem esse me, non doctorem volo,
Cic. Or. 33, 117:vult, credo, se esse carum suis,
id. Sen. 20, 73; so id. Off. 1, 31, 113; id. de Or. 1, 24, 112; 2, 23, 95. —With inf. pass.:2.quod certiorem te vis fieri quo quisque in me animo sit,
Cic. Att. 11, 13, 1; cf. id. Fam. 1, 9, 18:qui se ex his minus timidos existimari volebant,
Caes. B. G. 1, 39; cf. id. B. C. 2, 29:religionis se causa... Bacchis initiari velle,
Liv. 39, 10, 2:Agrippae se nepotem neque credi neque dici volebat,
Suet. Calig. 22 fin. —Of the will of superiors, gods, etc. (cf. A. 1. b. supra), I want, it is my will:3.me absente neminem volo intromitti,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 21:viros nostros quibus tu voluisti esse nos matres familias,
id. Stich. 1, 2, 41; id. Most. 1, 4, 2; id. Rud. 4, 5, 9; id. Trin. 1, 2, 1:pater illum alterum (filium) secum omni tempore volebat esse,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 42:(deus) quinque reliquis motibus orbem esse voluit expertem,
id. Univ. 10; cf. id. Sest. 69, 147; id. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 57; 1, 5, 14:causa mittendi fuit quod iter per Alpes... patefieri volebat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 1; cf. id. ib. 5, 9; id. B. C. 1, 4:quippe (senatus) foedum hominem a republica procul esse volebat,
Sall. C. 19, 2:nec (di) patefieri (crimina) ut impunita essent, sed ut vindicarentur voluerunt,
Liv. 39, 16, 11; cf. id. 1, 56, 3; 2, 28, 5; 25, 32, 6:senatus... Romano sanguini pudicitiam tutam esse voluit,
Val. Max. 6, 1, 9; cf. id. 6, 9, 2.—So in the historians: quid fieri vellet (velit), after a verbum imperandi or declarandi, he gave his orders, explained his will:quid fieri velit praecipit,
Caes. B. G. 5, 56:ibi quid fieri vellet imperabat,
id. ib. 7, 16:quid fieri vellet ostendit,
id. ib. 7, 27:quae fieri vellet edocuit,
id. B. C. 3, 108; cf. id. B. G. 7, 45; id. B. C. 3, 78; 3, 89:quid fieri vellet edixit,
Curt. 8, 10, 30; 4, 13, 24; Val. Max. 7, 4, 2.— Frequently majores voluerunt, it was the will of our ancestors, referring to ancient customs and institutions:sacra Cereris summa majores nostri religione confici caerimoniaque voluerunt,
Cic. Balb. 24, 55: majores vestri ne vos quidem temere coire voluerunt, cf. id. ib. 17, 39; 23, 54; id. Agr. 2, 11, 26; id. Fl. 7, 15; id. Imp. Pomp. 13, 39; id. Div. 1, 45, 103; id. Font. 24, 30 (10, 20); id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70.—Of testamentary dispositions: cum Titius, heres meus, mortuus erit, volo hereditatem meam ad P. Mevium pertinere, Gai Inst. 2, 277. Except in the institution of the first heir: at illa (institutio) non est comprobata: Titum heredem esse volo, Gai Inst. 2, 117. —Of the intention of a writer, etc., to want, to mean, intend:4.Asinariam volt esse (nomen fabulae) si per vos licet,
Plaut. As. prol. 12:Plautus hanc mihi gnatam esse voluit Inopiam,
has wanted Poverty to be my daughter, made her my daughter, id. Trin. prol. 9:primumdum huic esse nomen Diphilus Cyrenas voluit,
id. Rud. prol. 33:quae ipsi qui scripserunt voluerunt vulgo intellegi,
meant to be understood by all, Cic. Or. 2, 14, 60:si non hoc intellegi volumus,
id. Fat. 18, 41:quale intellegi vult Cicero cum dicit orationem suam coepisse canescere,
Quint. 11, 1, 31; so id. 9, 4, 82; 9, 3, 9:quamquam illi (Prometheo) quoque ferreum anulum dedit antiquitas vinculumque id, non gestamen, intellegi voluit,
Plin. 33, 1, 4, § 8.—To resolve:5.Siculi... me defensorem calamitatum suarum... esse voluerunt,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11:si a me causam hanc vos (judices) agi volueritis,
if you resolve, id. ib. 8, 25:senatus te voluit mihi nummos, me tibi frumentum dare,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 85, § 196:qua (statua) abjecta, basim tamen in foro manere voluerunt,
id. ib. 2, 2, 66, §160: liberam debere esse Galliam quam (senatus) suis legibus uti voluisset,
Caes. B. G. 1, 45:tu Macedonas tibi voluisti genua ponere, venerarique te ut deum,
Curt. 8 (7), 13.— Hence,To order, command: erus meus tibi me salutem multam voluit dicere, has ordered me, etc., Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 25:6.montem quem a Labieno occupari voluerit,
which he had ordered to be occupied, Caes. B. G. 1, 22:ibi futuros esse Helvetios ubi eos Caesar... esse voluisset,
id. ib. 1, 13 (for velitis jubeatis with inf.-clause, v. II. B. 5. d.).—To consent, allow (cf. A. 1. I.):7.obtinuere ut (tribuni) tribuniciae potestatis vires salubres vellent reipublicae esse,
they prevailed upon them to permit the tribunitian power to be wholesome to the republic, Liv. 2, 44, 5:Hiero tutores... puero reliquit quos precatus est moriens ut juvenum suis potissimum vestigiis insistere vellent,
id. 24, 4, 5:petere ut eum... publicae etiam curae ac velut tutelae vellent esse (i. e. senatus),
id. 42, 19, 5:orare tribunos ut uno animo cum consulibus bellum ab urbe ac moenibus propulsari vellent,
id. 3, 69, 5:quam superesse causam Romanis cur non... incolumis Syracusas esse velint?
id. 25, 28, 8:si alter ex heredibus voluerit rem a legatario possideri, alter non, ei qui noluit interdictum competet,
Dig. 43, 3, 1, § 15.—So negatively = not to let, not to suffer:cum P. Attio agebant ne sua pertinacia omnium fortunas perturbari vellet,
Caes. B. C. 2, 36.—To be of opinion that something should be, to require, demand:8.voluisti enim in suo genere unumquemque... esse Roscium,
Cic. Or. 1, 61, 258: eos exercitus quos contra se multos jam annos aluerint velle dimitti, he demanded the disbanding of, etc., Caes. B. C. 1, 85:(Cicero) vult esse auctoritatem in verbis,
Quint. 8, 3, 43:vult esse Celsus aliquam et superiorem compositionem,
id. 9, 4, 137:si tantum irasci vis sapientem quantum scelerum indignitas exigit,
Sen. Ira, 2, 9, 4. —To be of opinion that something is or was, = censere, dicere, but implying that the opinion is erroneous or doubtful, usu. in the third pers., sometimes in the second.(α).To imagine, consider:(β).est genus hominum qui esse se primos omnium rerum volunt, Nec sunt,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 17:semper auget adsentator id quod is cujus ad voluntatem dicitur vult esse magnum,
Cic. Lael. 26, 98:si quis patricius, si quis—quod illi volunt invidiosius esse—Claudius diceret,
Liv. 6, 40, 13.—To be of opinion, to hold:(γ).vultis, opinor, nihil esse... in natura praeter ignem,
Cic. N. D. 3, 14, 36:volunt illi omnes... eadem condicione nasci,
id. Div. 2, 44, 93:vultis evenire omnia fato,
id. ib. 2, 9, 24:alteri censent, etc., alteri volunt a rebus fatum omne relegari,
id. Fat. 19, 45:vultis a dis immortalibus hominibus dispertiri somnia,
id. N. D. 3, 39, 93; id. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; id. Fin. 3, 11, 36; id. Rep. 2, 26, 48:volunt quidam... iram in pectore moveri effervescente circa cor sanguine,
Sen. Ira, 2, 19, 3.—To say, assert:(δ).si tam familiaris erat Clodiae quam tu esse vis,
as you say he is, Cic. Cael. 21, 53:sit sane tanta quanta tu illam esse vis,
id. Or. 1, 55, 23:ad pastum et ad procreandi voluptatem hoc divinum animal procreatum esse voluerunt: quo nihil mihi videtur esse absurdius,
id. Fin. 2, 13, 40; 2, 17, 55; 2, 42, 131; 2, 46, 142; id. Fat. 18, 41.—With perf. inf.:Rhodi ego non fui: me vult fuisse,
Cic. Planc. 34, 84.—To pretend, with perf. inf., both subjects denoting the same person:(ε).unde homines dum se falso terrore coacti Effugisse volunt, etc.,
Lucr. 3, 69 (cf. A. 1. n. supra).—To mean, with perf. inf.:(ζ).utrum scientem vultis contra foedera fecisse, an inscientem?
Cic. Balb. 5, 13.— With pres. inf.:quam primum istud, quod esse vis?
what do you mean by as soon as possible? Sen. Ep. 117, 24.—Rarely in the first pers., implying that the opinion is open to discussion:9.ut et mihi, quae ego vellem non esse oratoris, concederes,
what according to my opinion is not the orator's province, Cic. Or. 1, 17, 74.—In partic.a.With things as subjects.(α).Things personified:(β).ne res publica quidem haec pro se suscipi volet,
would have such things done for it, Cic. Off. 1, 45, 159:cui tacere grave sit, quod homini facillimum voluerit esse natura,
which nature willed should be easiest for man, Curt. 4, 6, 6: fortuna Q. Metellum... nasci in urbe terrarum principe voluit, fate ordained that, etc., Val. Max. 7, 1, 1: nihil rerum ipsa natura voluit magnum effici cito, it is the law of nature that, etc., Quint. 10, 3, 4:quid non ingenio voluit natura licere?
what license did nature refuse to genius? Mart. 8, 68, 9:me sine, quem semper voluit fortuna jacere,
Prop. 1, 6, 25:hanc me militiam fata subire volunt,
id. 1, 6, 30.—Of laws, to provide:b.duodecim tabulae nocturnum furem... interfici impune voluerunt,
Cic. Mil. 3, 9:lex duodecim tabularum tignum aedibus junctum... solvi prohibuit, pretiumque ejus dari voluit,
Dig. 46, 3, 98, § 8 fin. (cf. Cic. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21, b. a, infra).—With perf. pass. inf., to represent a state or result wished for.(α).The inf. being in full, with esse expressed: si umquam quemquam di immortales voluere esse auxilio adjutum, tum me et Calidorum servatum volunt, if it ever was the will of the gods that any one should be assisted, etc., Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 1: Corinthum patres vestri, totius Graeciae lumen, exstinctum esse voluerunt, it was their will that Corinth should be ( and remain) destroyed, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 11:(β).nostri... leges et jura tecta esse voluerunt,
id. Or. 1, 59, 253:propter eam partem epistulae tuae per quam te et mores tuos purgatos et probatos esse voluisti,
id. Att. 1, 17, 7; id. Fin. 4, 27, 76; id. de Or. 1, 51, 221:daturum se operam ne cujus suorum popularium mutatam secum fortunam esse vellent,
Liv. 21, 45, 6: for velle redundant in this construction, v. II. A. 2. 3. infra.—With pass. inf. impers.:sociis maxime lex consultum esse vult,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21.—With ellips. of esse (cf. Quint. 9, 3, 9): perdis me tuis dictis. Cu. Imo, servo et servatum volo, and mean that you should remain saved, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 56:c.aunt qui volum te conventam,
who want to see you, id. Cist. 4, 2, 39:eidem homini, si quid recte cura tum velis, mandes,
if you want to have anything done well, id. As. 1, 1, 106:sed etiam est paucis vos quod monitos voluerim,
id. Capt. prol. 53: id nunc res indicium haeo [p. 2007] facit, quo pacto factum volueris, this shows now why you wished this to be done, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 31 (cf. Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 33; id. Aul. 3, 5, 30, II. B. 1, b, and II. B. 3. b. infra): domestica cura te levatum volo, I wish to see you relieved, etc., Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 3:nulla sedes quo concurrant qui rem publicam defensam velint,
id. Att. 8, 3, 4:rex celatum voluerat (i. e. donum),
id. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64:Hannibal non Capuam neglectam, neque desertos volebat socios,
Liv. 25, 20, 5; 2, 15, 2; 2, 44, 3; 3, 21, 4; 22, 7, 4;26, 31, 6: contemptum hominis quem destructum volebat,
Quint. 8, 3, 21:si te non emptam vellet, emendus erat,
Ov. Am. 1, 8, 34 (so with velle redundant, v. II. A. 1. d., and II. A. 3. infra).—Both subjects denoting the same person:velle Pompeium se Caesari purgatum,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.— Esp., with pass. inf. impers.: alicui consultum velle, to take care for or advocate somebody's interests:liberis consultum volumus propter ipsos,
Cic. Fin. 3, 17, 57:obliviscere illum aliquando adversario tuo voluisse consultum,
id. Att. 16, 16 C, 10:quibus tribuni plebis nunc consultum repente volunt,
Liv. 5, 5, 3; so id. 25, 25, 17:quamquam senatus subventum voluit heredibus,
Dig. 36, 1, 1, § 4; so with dep. part., used passively:volo amori ejus obsecutum,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 63.—With predic. adj., without copula.(α).The subjects being different (mostly aliquem salvum velle):(β).si me vivum vis, pater, Ignosce,
if you wish me to live, Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 7:ille, si me alienus adfinem volet, Tacebit,
id. Phorm. 4, 1, 16:ut tu illam salvam magis velis quam ego,
id. Hec. 2, 2, 17; 3, 5, 14:quoniam ex tota provincia soli sunt qui te salvum velint,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 67, § 150:irent secum extemplo qui rempublicam salvam vellent,
Liv. 22, 53, 7.—Both subjects denoting the same person (virtually = object infinitive):d.in occulto jacebis quom te maxime clarum voles (= clarus esse voles),
when you will most wish to be famous, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 38:volo me patris mei similem,
I wish to be like my father, id. As. 1, 1, 54: ut iste qui se vult dicacem et mehercule est, Appius, who means to be witty, etc., Cic. Or. 2, 60, 246:qui vero se populares volunt,
who mean to be popular, id. Off. 2, 22, 78:ut integrum se salvumque velit,
id. Fin. 2, 11, 33:ut (omne animal) se et salvum in suo genere incolumeque vellet,
id. ib. 4, 8, 19. —With an inf.-clause understood.(α).Velle, to wish: utinam hinc abierit in malam crucem! Ad. Ita nos velle aequom est (ita = eum abire, etc.), Plaut. Poen. 4, 1, 5:(β).stulta es, soror, magis quam volo (i.e. te esse),
id. Pers. 4, 4, 78; id. Trin. 1, 2, 8; 2, 4, 175; id. Stich. 1, 1, 13; id. Ps. 1, 5, 55:senatum non quod sentiret, sed quod ego vellem decernere,
Cic. Mil. 5, 12:neque enim facile est ut irascatur cui tu velis judex (= cui tu eum irasci velis),
id. Or. 2, 45, 190; cf. id. Sest. 38, 82.—Referring to the will of superiors, etc.:(γ).deos credo voluisse, nam ni vellent, non fieret,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46: jamne abeo? St. Volo (sc. te abire), so I will, id. Cas. 2, 8, 57; cf. id. Mil. 4, 6, 12; id. Merc. 2, 3, 33.—To mean, intend (v. B. 3.):(δ).acutum etiam illud est cum ex alterius oratione aliud atque ille vult (sc. te excipere),
Cic. Or. 2, 67, 273.—To require, demand (v B. 7.):(ε).veremur quidem vos, Romani, et, si ita vultis, etiam timemus,
Liv. 39, 37, 17;and of things as subjects: cadentque vocabula, si volet usus (i. e. ea cadere),
Hor. A. P. 71.—To be of opinion, will have (v. B. 8.):(ζ).ergo ego, inimicus, si ita vultis, homini, amicus esse rei publicae debeo,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 19:nam illi regi tolerabili, aut, si voltis, etiam amabili, Cyro,
id. Rep. 1, 28, 44; id. Fin. 2, 27, 89; 3, 4, 12; id. Cael. 21, 53; Liv. 21, 10, 7; Quint. 2, 17, 41.—With ellips. of predic. inf. (v. A. 2. b.): cras de reliquiis nos volo (i. e. cenare), it is my intention that we dine, etc., Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 40:C.volo Varronem (i. e. hos libros habere),
Cic. Att. 13, 25, 3.With ut, ne, or ut ne.1.With ut.a.To wish:b.volo ut quod jubebo facias,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 65:quia enim id maxime volo ut illi istac confugiant,
id. Most. 5, 1, 49:ut mihi aedes aliquas conducat volo,
id. Merc. 3, 2, 17: hoc prius volo meam rem agere. Th. Quid id est? Ph. Ut mihi hanc despondeas, id. Curc. 5, 2, 71: quid vis, nisi ut maneat Phanium? Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 8:velim ut tibi amicus sit,
Cic. Att. 10, 16, 1:quare id quoque velim... ut sit qui utamur,
id. ib. 11, 11, 2:maxime vellem, judices, ut P. Sulla... modestiae fructum aliquem percipere potuisset,
id. Sull. 1, 1:equidem vellem uti pedes haberent (res tuae),
id. Fam. 7, 33, 2:his ut sit digna puella volo,
Mart. 11, 27, 14.—Both subjects denoting the same person: volueram, inquit, ut quam plurimum tecum essem, Brut. ap. Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1.—It is the will of, to want, ordain (v. B. 2.):c.at ego deos credo voluisse ut apud te me in nervo enicem,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 17: numquid me vis? Le. Ut valeas, id. Cist. 1, 1, 120: numquid vis? Ps. Dormitum ut abeas, id. Ps. 2, 2, 70:volo ut mihi respondeas,
Cic. Vatin. 6, 14; 7, 17; 7, 18; 9, 21;12, 29: nuntia Romanis, caelestes ita velle ut mea Roma caput orbis terrarum sit,
Liv. 1, 16, 7.—To intend, it is the purpose, aim, etc., the two subjects being the same:d.id quaerunt, volunt haec ut infecta faciant,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 9.—With other verbs:2.quod peto et volo parentes meos ut commonstres mihi,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 4:quasi vero aut populus Romanus hoc voluerit, aut senatus tibi hoc mandaverit ut... privares,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19, § 48;with opto,
id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 48;with laboro,
Liv. 42, 14, 3;with aequum censere,
id. 39, 19, 7.—With ne:3.at ne videas velim,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 23:quid nunc vis? ut opperiare hos sex dies saltem modo, ne illam vendas, neu me perdas, etc.,
id. Ps. 1, 3, 102:credibile est hoc voluisse legumlatorem, ne auxilia liberorum innocentibus deessent,
intended, Quint. 7, 1, 56.—With ut ne: quid nunc tibi vis? Mi. Ut quae te cupit, eam ne spernas, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 60.D.With subjunct. of dependent verb (mostly ante-class.; class. and freq. with velim and vellem; but in Cic. mostly epistolary and colloquial).1.To wish:2.ergo animum advortas volo,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 23; 2, 3, 28; 2, 3, 70:volo amet me patrem,
id. As. 1, 1, 63 dub.:hoc volo agatis,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 83:ducas volo hodie uxorem,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 14:quid vis faciam?
Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 49; Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 24; Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 64; 2, 3, 65; 2, 6, 65; 3, 3, 3; id. Ps. 4, 1, 17; 4, 7, 19; id. Cas. 2, 3, 56; id. Capt. 1, 2, 12; id. Poen. 3, 2, 16; id. Pers. 2, 4, 23; id. Rud. 5, 2, 45; 5, 3, 58; id. Stich. 5, 2, 21; Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 14:volo etiam exquiras quam diligentissime poteris quid Lentulus agat?
Cic. Att. 8, 12, 6:Othonem vincas volo,
id. ib. 13, 29, 2:eas litteras volo habeas,
id. ib. 13, 32, 3:visne igitur videamus quidnam sit, etc.,
id. Rep. 1, 10, 15: visne igitur descendatur ad Lirim? id. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4:volo, inquis, sciat,
Sen. Ben. 2, 10, 2.—To be of opinion that something should be, demand, require (v. B. 7.): volo enim se efferat in adulescentia fecunditas, I like to see, etc., Cic. Or. 2, 21, 88:3.volo hoc oratori contingat ut, etc.,
id. Brut. 84, 290.—With subj.-clause understood:E.abi atque obsona, propera! sed lepide volo (i. e. obsones),
Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 55.With object nouns, etc.1.With acc. of a thing.a.With a noun, to want, wish for, like to have:b.voltisne olivas, aut pulmentum, aut capparim?
Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 90:animo male est: aquam velim,
id. Am. 5, 1, 6:quia videt me suam amicitiam velle,
id. Aul. 2, 3, 68; so,gratiam tuam,
id. Curc. 2, 3, 52; 2, 3, 56:aquam,
id. ib. 2, 3, 34:discidium,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 14: nullam ego rem umquam in vita mea Volui quin tu in ea re mihi advorsatrix fueris, I never had any wish in my life, etc., id. Heaut. 5, 3, 5: (dixit) velle Hispaniam, he wanted Spain, i. e. as a province, Cic. Att. 12, 7, 1:mihi frumento non opus est: nummos volo,
I want the money, id. Verr. 2, 3, 85, § 196:non poterat scilicet negare se velle pacem,
id. Att. 15, 1 a, 3; cf. id. ib. 13, 32, 2 (v. II. C. 4. infra):si amplius obsidum (= plures obsides) vellet, dare pollicentur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 9 fin.:pacem etiam qui vincere possunt, volunt,
Liv. 7, 40, 18:ferunt (eum)... honestum finem voluisse,
Tac. A. 6, 26:cum Scipio veram vellet et sine exceptione victoriam,
Flor. 1, 33 (2, 18), 12:mensae munera si voles secundae, Marcentes tibi porrigentur uvae,
Mart. 5, 78, 11.—Neutr. adjj., denoting things, substantively used: utrum vis opta, dum licet. La. Neutrum volo, Plaut. Ps. 3, 6, 16:c.quorum isti neutrum volunt,
acknowledge neither, Cic. Fat. 12, 28:voluimus quaedam, contendimus... Obtenta non sunt,
we aspired to certain things, id. Balb. 27, 61:restat ut omnes unum velint,
hold one opinion, id. Marcell. 10, 32:si plura velim,
if I wished for more, Hor. C. 3, 16, 38:per quod probemus aliud legislatorem voluisse,
that the law-giver intended something different, Quint. 7, 6, 8:ut putent, aliud quosdam dicere, aliud velle,
that they say one thing and mean another, id. 9, 2, 85:utrum is qui scripsit... voluerit,
which of the two was meant by the author, id. 7, 9, 15:ut nemo contra id quod vult dicit, ita potest melius aliquid velle quam dicit,
mean better than he speaks, id. 9, 2, 89:quis enim pudor omnia velle?
to desire every thing, Mart. 12, 94, 11.—With neutr. demonstr. expressed or understood, to want, intend, aim at, like, will:d.immo faenus: id primum volo,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 64:proximum quod sit bono... id volo,
id. Capt. 2, 2, 22:nisi ea quae tu vis volo,
unless my purpose is the same as yours, id. Ep. 2, 2, 82:siquidem id sapere'st, velle te id quod non potest contingere,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 83:hoc (i. e. otium cum dignitate) qui volunt omnes optimates putantur,
who aim at this, Cic. Sest. 45, 98:privatum oportet in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint,
id. Off. 1, 34, 124:quid est sapientia? Semper idem velle atque idem nolle,
Sen. Ep. 20, 5:pudebit eadem velle quae volueras puer,
id. ib. 27, 2:nec volo quod cruciat, nec volo quod satiat,
Mart. 1, 57, 4.—With demonstr. in place of inf.-clause:hoc Ithacus velit, et magno mercentur Atridae (sc. poenas in me sumi),
Verg. A. 2, 104:hoc velit Eurystheus, velit hoc germana Tonantis (sc. verum esse, Herculem, etc.),
Ov. H. 9, 7; Hor. S. 2, 3, 88.—With neutr. of interrog. pron.: quid nunc vis? Am. Sceleste, at etiam quid velim, id tu me rogas? what do you want now? Plaut. Am. 4, 2, 5:e.eloquere quid velis,
id. Cas. 2, 4, 2: heus tu! Si. Quid vis? id. Ps. 4, 7, 21; so Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 11; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 152:sed plane quid velit nescio,
what his intentions are, Cic. Att. 15, 1 a, 5; id. de Or. 2, 20, 84:mittunt etiam ad dominos qui quaerant quid velint,
to ask for their orders, id. Tusc. 2, 17, 41:quid? Si haec... ipsius amici judicarunt? Quid amplius vultis?
what more do you require, will you have? id. Verr. 2, 3, 65, § 152:quid amplius vis?
Hor. Epod. 17, 30:spectatur quid voluerit scriptor,
we find out the author's intention, Quint. 7, 10, 1.—Sometimes quid vult = quid sibi vult (v. 4. b.), to mean, signify:capram illam suspicor jam invenisse... quid voluerit,
what it signified, Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 30:sed tamen intellego quid velit,
Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 101:quid autem volunt ea di immortales significantes quae sine interpretibus non possimus intellegere? etc.,
id. Div. 2, 25, 54.—Of things as subjects:hunc ensem mittit tibi... Et jubet ex merito scire quid iste velit,
Ov. H. 11, 96.—With rel. pron.:f.quod volui, ut volui, impetravi... a Philocomasio,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 5, 1:ut quod frons velit oculi sciant,
that the eyes know what the forehead wants, id. Aul. 4, 1, 13:illi quae volo concedere,
to yield to him my wishes, id. Cas. 2, 3, 49:si illud quod volumus dicitur,
what we like, id. Truc. 1, 2, 95:multa eveniunt homini quae volt, quae nevolt,
id. Trin. 2, 2, 84; id. Ep. 2, 2, 4:quamquam (litterae tuae) semper aliquid adferunt quod velim,
Cic. Att. 11, 11, 1:quae vellem quaeque sentirem dicendi,
id. Marcell. 1, 1:uti ea quae vellent impetrarent,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:satis animi ad id quod tam diu vellent,
to carry out what they had desired so long, Liv. 4, 54, 5:sed quod volebant non... expediebant,
their purpose, id. 24, 23, 9. —Idiomatically: quod volo = quod demonstrare volo, what I intend to prove:illud quod volumus expressum est, ut vaticinari furor vera soleat,
Cic. Div. 1, 31, 67:bis sumpsit quod voluit,
he has twice begged the question, id. ib. 2, 52, 107.—With indef. relations:cornucopia ubi inest quidquid volo,
whatever I wish for, Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 5:Caesar de Bruto solitus est dicere: magni refert hic quid velit, sed quidquid volt, valde volt,
whatever he wills he wills strongly, Cic. Att. 14, 1, 2.—With indef. pronn.(α).Si quid vis, if you want any thing: illo praesente mecum agito si quid voles, [p. 2008] Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 72: Py. Adeat si quid volt. Pa. Si quid vis, adi, mulier, id. Mil. 4, 2, 47:(β).eumque Alexander cum rogaret, si quid vellet, ut diceret,
id. Or. 2, 66, 266; Caes. B. G. 1, 7 fin. —Nisi quid vis, unless you wish to give some order, to make some remark, etc.:(γ).ego eo ad forum nisi quid vis,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 94:nunc de ratione videamus, nisi quid vis ad haec,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 18, 42.—Numquid vis or ecquid vis? have you any orders to give? a formula used by inferiors before leaving their superiors; cf. Don. ad Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 39:2.visunt, quid agam, ecquid velim,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 113:numquid vis aliud?
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 111; 1, 2, 106; id. Ad. 2, 2, 39; 3, 3, 78; id. Hec. 2, 2, 30:numquid vellem rogavit,
Cic. Att. 6, 3, 6:frequentia rogantium num quid vellet,
Liv. 6, 34, 7:rogavit num quid in Sardiniam vellet. Te puto saepe habere qui num quid Romam velis quaerant,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1.—With acc. of the person: aliquem velle.(α).To want somebody, i. e. in order to see him, to speak with him (ante-class. and colloq.):(β).Demenaetum volebam,
I wanted, wished to see, Demenoetus, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 12:bona femina et malus masculus volunt te,
id. Cist. 4, 2, 40:solus te solum volo,
id. Capt. 3, 4, 70:quia non est intus quem ego volo,
id. Mil. 4, 6, 40:hae oves volunt vos,
id. Bacch. 5, 2, 24:quis me volt? Perii, pater est,
Ter. And. 5, 3, 1:centuriones trium cohortium me velle postridie,
Cic. Att. 10, 16, 4.—With paucis verbis or paucis, for a few words ( moments):volo te verbis pauculis,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 28:sed paucis verbis te volo, Palaestrio,
id. Mil. 2, 4, 22:Sosia, Adesdum, paucis te volo,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 2.—To love, like somebody, to be fond of somebody (anteclass. and poet.):(γ).hanc volo (= amo),
Plaut. As. 5, 1, 18:sine me amare unum Argyrippum... quem volo,
id. ib. 3, 2, 38:quom quae te volt, eamdem tu vis,
id. Mil. 4, 2, 80:aut quae (vitia) corpori' sunt ejus siquam petis ac vis,
Lucr. 4, 1152:quam volui nota fit arte mea,
Ov. Am. 1, 10, 60: nolo virum, facili redimit qui sanguine famam: hunc volo, laudari qui sine morte potest, I like the one who, etc., Mart. 1, 8, 6.—To wish to have:3.roga, velitne an non uxorem,
whether he wishes to have his wife or not, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 43:ut sapiens velit gerere rem publicam, atque... uxorem adjungere, et velle ex ea liberos (anacoluth.),
Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 68.—With two accusatives: (narrato) illam te amare et velle uxorem,
that you wish to have her as your wife, Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 25; cf. id. Phorm. 1, 2, 65.—With two accusatives, of the person and the thing: aliquem aliquid velle, to want something of somebody (cf.: aliquem aliquid rogare; mostly ante-class.;4.not in Cic.): numquid me vis?
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 120:face certiorem me quid meus vir me velit,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 1:num quidpiam me vis aliud?
id. Truc. 2, 4, 81:nunc verba in pauca conferam quid te velim,
id. As. 1, 1, 74:narrabit ultro quid sese velis,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 60:quid me voluisti?
id. Mil. 4, 2, 35:numquid aliud me vis?
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 101:quin tu uno verbo dic quid est quod me velis,
id. And. 1, 1, 18; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 85; id. Cist. 2, 3, 49; id. As. 2, 3, 12; id. Merc. 5, 2, 27; id. Pers. 4, 6, 11; Ter. Heaut. 4, 8, 31; id. Phorm. 2, 4, 18; id. Eun. 2, 3, 47; id. Hec. 3, 4, 15:si quid ille se velit, illum ad se venire oportere,
Caes. B. G. 1, 34:cum mirabundus quidnam (Taurea) sese vellet, resedisset Flaccus, Me quoque, inquit, etc.,
Liv. 26, 15, 11; also, I want to speak with somebody (v. 2. a. a):paucis, Euclio, est quod te volo,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 22:est quod te volo secreto,
id. Bacch. 5, 2, 33.—With acc. of thing and dat. of the person: aliquid alicui velle, to wish something to somebody (= cupio aliquid alicui; v. cupio;a.rare): quamquam vobis volo quae voltis, mulieres,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 1:si ex me illa liberos vellet sibi,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 33:praesidium velle se senectuti suae,
id. ib. 1, 2, 44:nihil est mali quod illa non initio filio voluerit, optaverit,
Cic. Clu. 66, 188:rem Romanam huc provectam ut externis quoque gentibus quietem velit,
Tac. A. 12, 11:cui ego omnia meritissimo volo et debeo,
to whom I give and owe my best wishes, Quint. 9, 2, 35.—Esp., in the phrase quid vis (vult) with reflex. dat. of interest, lit. what do you want for yourself?Quid tibi vis = quid vis, the dat. being redundant (rare):b.quid aliud tibi vis?
what else do you want? Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 90.—With quisque:haud ita vitam agerent ut nunc plerumque videmus Quid sibi quisque velit nescire,
be ignorant as to their own aims and purposes, Lucr. 3, 1058.—What do you mean? what do you drive at? what is your scope, object, drift (rare in post-Aug. writers; Don. ad Ter. Eun. prol. 45, declares it an archaism).(α).In 1 st pers. (rare):(β).nunc quid processerim huc, et quid mihi voluerim dicam,
and what I meant thereby, what was the purpose of my coming, Plaut. As. prol. 6:quid mihi volui? quid mihi nunc prodest bona voluntas?
Sen. Ben. 4, 21, 6.—In 2 d pers.:(γ).quid nunc tibi vis, mulier, memora,
what is the drift of your talk? Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 60: sed quid nunc tibi vis? what do you want to come at (i.e. by your preamble)? id. Poen. 1, 1, 24: quid tu tibi vis? Ego non tangam meam? what do you mean? i. e. what is your purpose? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 28:quid tibi vis? quid cum illa rei tibi est?
id. ib. 4, 7, 34:quid est quod sic gestis? quid sibi hic vestitus quaerit? Quid est quod laetus sis? quid tibi vis?
what do you mean by all this? id. ib. 3, 5, 11:quid est, inepta? quid vis tibi? quid rides?
id. ib. 5, 6, 6:quid vis tibi? Quid quaeris?
id. Heaut. 1, 1, 9: Ph. Fabulae! Ch. Quid vis tibi? id. Phorm. 5, 8, 53:roganti ut se in Asiam praefectum duceret, Quid tibi vis, inquit, insane,
Cic. Or. 2, 67, 269; so in 2 d pers. plur.:pro deum fidem, quid vobis vultis?
Liv. 3, 67, 7.—In 3 d pers.:(δ).quid igitur sibi volt pater? cur simulat?
Ter. And. 2, 3, 1:quid hic volt veterator sibi?
id. ib. 2, 6, 26:proinde desinant aliquando me isdem inflare verbis: quid sibi iste vult?... Cur ornat eum a quo desertus est?
Cic. Dom. 11, 29:quid sibi vellet (Caesar)? cur in suas possessiones veniret?
Caes. B. G. 1, 44 med.:conicere in eum oculos, mirantes quid sibi vellet (i. e. by courting the plebeians),
Liv. 3, 35, 5:qui quaererent quid sibi vellent qui armati Aventinum obsedissent,
id. 3, 50, 15:quid sibi voluit providentia quae Aridaeum regno imposuit?
Sen. Ben. 4, 31, 1: volt, non volt dare Galla mihi, nec dicere possum quod volt et non volt, quid sibi Galla velit, Mart: 3, 90, 2.—Transf. of things as subjects, what means, what signifies? quid volt sibi, Syre, haec oratio? Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 2:5.ut pernoscatis quid sibi Eunuchus velit,
id. Eun. prol. 45:quid ergo illae sibi statuae equestres inauratae volunt?
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 150:quid haec sibi horum civium Romanorum dona voluerunt?
id. ib. 2, 3, 80, §186: avaritia senilis quid sibi velit, non intellego,
what is the meaning of the phrase, id. Sen. 18, 66:quid ergo illa sibi vult pars altera orationis qua Romanos a me cultos ait?
Liv. 40, 12, 14:tacitae quid vult sibi noctis imago?
Ov. M. 9, 473.—Bene or male alicui velle, to wish one well or ill, to like or dislike one (ante-class. and poet.): Ph. Bene volt tibi. St. Nequam est illud verbum bene volt, nisi qui bene facit, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 37 sq.:6.jam diu ego huic bene et hic mihi volumus,
id. Ps. 1, 3, 4:ut tibi, dum vivam, bene velim plus quam mihi,
id. Cas. 2, 8, 30:egone illi ut non bene vellem?
id. Truc. 2, 4, 90; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 95; id. Merc. 2, 1, 21; id. Ps. 4, 3, 7; id. Poen. 3, 3, 9:nisi quod tibi bene ex animo volo,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 6:quo tibi male volt maleque faciet,
Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 44:atque isti etiam parum male volo,
id. Truc. 5, 7; cf. id. As. 5, 1, 13:utinam sic sient qui mihi male volunt,
Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 13:non sibi male vult,
he does not dislike himself, Petr. 38; so, melius or optime alicui velle, to like one better or best:nec est quisquam mihi aeque melius quoi vellem,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 42; id. Merc. 5, 2, 57:illi ego ex omnibus optime volo,
id. Most. 1, 4, 24.—And bene velle = velle: bene volueris in precatione augurali Messalla augur ait, significare volueris, Fest. s. v. bene sponsis, p. 351.—With abl.: alicujus causa velle, to like one for his own sake, i. e. personally, a Ciceronian phrase, probably inst. of omnia alicujus causa velle; lit. to wish every thing (i.e. good) in somebody's behalf.(α).With omnia expressed: etsi mihi videor intellexisse cum tecum de re M. Annaeii locutus sum, te ipsius causa vehementer omnia velle, tamen, etc.... ut non dubitem quin magnus cumulus accedat commenda tionis meae, Cic. Fam. 13, 55, 1:(β).repente coepit dicere, se omnia Verris causa velle,
that he had the most friendly disposition towards Verres, id. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 64:accedit eo quod Varro magnopere ejus causa vult omnia,
id. Fam. 13, 22, 1.—Without omnia:7.per eos qui nostra causa volunt, valentque apud illum,
Cic. Att. 11, 8, 1:sed et Phameae causa volebam,
id. ib. 13, 49, 1:etsi te ipsius Attici causa velle intellexeram,
id. ib. 16, 16, A, 6:valde enim ejus causa volo,
id. Fam. 16, 17, 2 fin.:illud non perficis quo minus tua causa velim,
id. ib. 3, 7, 6;12, 7, 1: si me velle tua causa putas,
id. ib. 7, 17, 2:regis causa si qui sunt qui velint,
id. ib. 1, 1, 1:credo tua causa velle Lentulum,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 5; id. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21; cf. id. Imp. Pomp. (v. C. 1. b. supra), where the phrase has its literal meaning; cf. also: alicujus causa (omnia) cupere; v. cupio.—With acc. and subjunct. per ecthesin (ante-class.): nunc ego illum meum virum veniat velim (by mixture of constructions: meum virum velim; and:F.meus vir veniat velim),
Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 29:nunc ego Simonidem mi obviam veniat velim,
id. Ps. 4, 5, 10:nimis hercle ego illum corvum ad me veniat velim,
id. Aul. 4, 6, 4:saltem aliquem velim qui mihi ex his locis viam monstret,
id. Rud. 1, 3, 35:patrem atque matrem viverent vellem tibi,
id. Poen. 5, 2, 106; cf. id. Merc. 2, 1, 30 (v. E. 1. d. supra).Velle used absolutely, variously rendered to will, have a will, wish, consent, assent:II.quod vos, malum... me sic ludificamini? Nolo volo, volo nolo rursum,
I nill I will, I will I nill again, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 57: novi ingenium mulierum: Nolunt ubi velis, ubi nolis cupiunt ultro, they will not where you will, etc., id. Eun. 4, 7, 43:quis est cui velle non liceat?
who is not free to wish? Cic. Att. 7, 11. 2:in magnis et voluisse sat est,
Prop. 2, 10 (3, 1), 6:tarde velle nolentis est,
slow ness in consenting betrays the desire to refuse, Sen. Ben. 2, 5, 4:quae (animalia) nullam injuriam nobis faciunt, quia velle non possunt, id. Ira, 2, 26, 4: ejus est nolle qui potest velle,
the power to assent implies the power to dissent, Dig. 50, 17, 3.—So velle substantively:sed ego hoc ipsum velle miserius duco quam in crucem tolli,
that very wishing, Cic. Att. 7, 11, 2: inest enim velle in carendo, the word carere implies the notion of a wish, id. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:velle ac posse in aequo positum erat,
his will and power were balanced, Val. Max. 6, 9, ext. 5:velle tuum nolo, Didyme, nolle volo,
Mart. 5, 83, 2:velle suum cuique est,
each has his own likings, Pers. 5, 53.In partic.A.Redundant, when the will to do is identified with the act itself.1.In imperative sentences.a.In independent sentences introduced by noli velle, where noli has lost the idea of volition:b.nolite, judices, hunc velle maturius exstingui vulnere vestro quam suo fato,
do not resolve, Cic. Cael. 32, 79:nolite igitur id velle quod fieri non potest,
id. Phil. 7, 8, 25: qui timor bonis omnibus injectus sit... nolite a me commoneri velle, do not wish, expect, to be reminded by me, etc., id. Mur. 25, 50: nolite hunc illi acerbum nuntium velle perferri, let it not be your decision that, etc., id. Balb. 28, 64: cujus auspicia pro vobis experti nolite adversus vos velle experiri, do not desire, etc., Liv. 7, 40, 16:noli adversum eos me velle ducere, etc.,
Nep. Att. 4, 2.—Ne velis or ne velit fecisse = ne feceris, or ne facito (v. I. A. 3. a. supra).—So ne velis with pres. inf.:c.neve, revertendi liber, abesse velis (= neve abfueris),
Ov. H. 1, 80.—In affirmative imperative sentences (velim esse = esto;d.rare): tu tantum fida sorori Esse velis (= fida esto or sis),
Ov. M. 2, 745; and in 3 d pers.:di procul a cunctis... Hujus notitiam gentis habere velint (= habeant),
id. P. 1, 7, 8:credere modo qui discet velit (= credat qui discet),
Quint. 8, prooem. 12. —In clauses dependent on verbs of commanding and wishing:2.aut quia significant divam praedicere ut armis Ac virtute velint patriam defendere terram (= ut defendant),
Lucr. 2, 641: precor quaesoque ne ante oculos patris facere et pati omnia infanda velis (= facias et patiaris). Liv. 23, 9, 2:monentes ne experiri vellet imperium cujus vis, etc.,
id. 2, 59, 4; 39, 13, 2:et mea... opto Vulnera qui fecit facta levare velit,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 18: nos contra (oravimus) [p. 2009]... ne vertere secum Cuncta pater fatoque urguenti incumbere vellet, Verg. A. 2, 653. —With pass. perf. inf. (v. I. B. 9. b. b):legati Sullam orant ut filii innocentis fortunas conservatas velit (virtually = fortunas conservet),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 25:a te peto ut utilitatem sociorum per te quam maxime defensam et auctam velis (= defendas et augeas),
id. Fam. 13, 9, 3.—So after utinam or ut:utinam illi qui prius eum viderint me apud eum velint adjutum tantum quantum ego vellem si quid possem (= utinam illi me adjuvent quantum ego adjuvarem, etc.),
id. Att. 11, 7, 7:cautius ut saevo velles te credere Marti (= utinam te credidisses),
Verg. A. 11, 153:edictum praemittit ad quam diem magistratus... sibi esse praesto Cordubae vellet (= sibi praesto essent),
Caes. B. C. 1, 19 (cf. also I. B. 9. b. b, and I. B. 2. fin. supra).—In conditional clauses, si facere velim = si faciam, often rendered by the potential or future auxiliaries would or will:3.non tu scis, Bacchae bacchanti si velis advorsarier, ex insana insaniorem facies? (= si advorseris),
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 80:si meum Imperium exsequi voluisset, interemptam oportuit (= si executus esset),
Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 22:si id confiteri velim, tamen istum condemnetis necesse est (= si id confitear),
if I would acknowledge, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 45:si quis velit ita dicere... nihil dicat (= si quis dicat),
id. Fat. 14, 32:dies deficiat si velim numerare, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 32, 81;so,
id. Tusc. 5, 35, 102; id. Verr. 2, 2, 21, § 52:qua in sententia si constare voluissent, suam auctoritatem... recuperassent,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 14; id. Verr. 2, 1, 11, § 31; id. Lael. 20, 75:conicere potestis, si recordari volueritis quanta, etc.,
if you will remember, id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129; so id. Or. 1, 44, 197; id. Brut. 1, 2, 5:quod si audire voletis externa, maximas res publicas ab adulescentibus labefactatas reperietis,
id. Sen. 6, 20; so id. Or. 1, 60, 256; 2, 23, 95:ejus me compotem voti vos facere potestis, si meminisse vultis, non vos in Samnio, etc.,
Liv. 7, 40, 5; 23, 13, 6; 23, 15, 4: cum olera Diogeni lavanti Aristippus dixisset: si Dionysium adulare velles, ista non esses;Imo, inquit, si tu ista esse velles, non adulares Dionysium,
Val. Max. 4, 3, ext. 4:ut si his (legibus) perpetuo uti voluissent, sempiternum habituri fuerint imperium,
id. 5, 3, ext. 3:quid enim si mirari velit, non in silvestribus dumis poma pendere,
Sen. Ira, 2, 10, 6; cf. Curt. 5, 1, 1; 3, 5, 6; Ov. H. 17 (18), 43.—With perf. inf. pass.:nisi ea (opera) certi auctores monumentis suis testata esse voluissent,
Val. Max. 3, 2, 24.—In declarative sentences.a.Volo in 1 st pers. with perf. pass. inf. or part. (volo oratum esse or oratum = oro; v. I. B. 9. b. a and b):b.vos omnes opere magno esse oratos volo benigne ut operam detis, etc.,
Plaut. Cas. prol. 21:justam rem et facilem esse oratam a vobis volo,
id. Am. prol. 33:illud tamen te esse admonitum volo, etc.,
Cic. Cael. 3, 8:sed etiam est paucis vos quod monitos voluerim,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 53:illud te, Tulli, monitum velim etc.,
Liv. 1, 23, 8:quamobrem omnes eos oratos volo Ne, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 26; so, factum volo = faciam: serva tibi sodalem, et mihi filium. Mne. Factum volo, I will, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 91: pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac, etc. Nau. Factum volo, Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 4; so Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 10.—In 3 d pers.:esse salutatum vult te mea littera primum,
Ov. P. 2, 7, 1.—With pres. inf.:c.propterea te vocari ad cenam volo (= voco te),
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 72:sed nunc rogare hoc ego vicissim te volo: quid fuit, etc. (= nunc te rogo),
id. Trin. 1, 2, 136.—With perf. act. inf.:d.pace tua dixisse velim (= pace tua dixerim),
Ov. P. 3, 1, 9.—In other connections, when the will or purpose is made more prominent than the action:B.eorum alter, qui Antiochus vocatur, iter per Siciliam facere voluit (= fecit),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 61:si suscipere eam (religionem) nolletis, tamen in eo qui violasset sancire vos velle oporteret (= sancire vos oporteret),
id. ib. 2, 4, 51, §114: ut insequentibus diebus nemo eorum forum aut publicum adspicere vellet (= adspiceret),
Liv. 9, 7, 11:talentis mille percussorem in me emere voluisti (= emisti),
Curt. 3, 5, 6: quin etiam senatus gratias ei agentem quod redire voluisset ante portas eduxit (= quod redisset), Val. Max. 3, 4, 4:utri prius gratulemur, qui hoc dicere voluit, an cui audire contigit? (= qui hoc dixit),
id. 4, 7, ext. 2:sic tua non paucae carpere facta volent (= carpent),
Ov. P. 3, 1, 64.Velim, as potential subjunctive (mostly in 1 st pers. sing., as subjunctive of modest statement), = volo, I wish, I should like.1.With verb in the second person.a.With pres. subj., so most frequently in Cic.(α).As a modest imperative of the dependent verb: velim facias = fac, I wish you would do it, please do it:(β).ego quae in rem tuam sint, ea velim facias,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 9:eas (litteras) in eundem fasciculum velim addas,
Cic. Att. 12, 53:eum salvere jubeas velim,
id. ib. 7, 7, 7:velim me facias certiorem, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 19, 9:tu velim saepe ad nos scribas,
id. ib. 1, 12, 4:velim mihi ignoscas,
id. Fam. 13, 75, 1:tu velim animum a me parumper avertas,
id. Lael. 1, 5; cf. id. Att. 1, 11, 3; 7, 3, 11; 8, 12, 5; id. Fam. 15, 3, 2 et saep.:haec pro causa mea dicta accipiatis velim,
Liv. 42, 34, 13: velim, inquit, hoc mihi probes, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 51:Musa velim memores, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 53.—Expressing a wish without a command (v. vellem):b.vera dicas velim,
I wish you told the truth, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 18:quam velim Bruto persuadeas ut Asturae sit,
Cic. Att. 14, 15, 4:ipse velim poenas experiare meas,
Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 74;so in asseverations: ita velim me promerentem ames, dum vivas, mi pater, ut... id mihi vehementer dolet,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 47.—With infinitive clause.(α).With the force of a modest imperative:(β).sed qui istuc credam ita esse, mihi dici velim (i. e. a te),
Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 15:extremum illud est quod mihi abs te responderi velim,
Cic. Vat. 17, 41 (may be a dependent subjunctive):itaque vos ego, milites, non eo solum animo.... pugnare velim, etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 10.—As a mere wish:c.velim te arbitrari, frater, etc.,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 1:primum te arbitrari id quod res est velim,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 9.—With perf. act.:hanc te quoque ad ceteras tuas eximias virtutes, Masinissa, adjecisse velim,
Liv. 30, 14, 6.—With perf. pass., Liv. 1, 23, 8 (v. II. A. 3. a. supra).—With ut (rare):d.de tuis velim ut eo sis animo, quo debes esse,
Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 4. —With ne (rare), Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 23 (v. I. C. 2. supra).—2.With dependent verb in the third person, expressing a wish.a.With pres. subj.:b.ita se defatigent velim Ut, etc.,
Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 3:de Cicerone quae mihi scribis, jucunda mihi sunt: velim sint prospera,
Cic. Att. 14, 11, 2:velim seu Himilco, seu Mago respondeat,
Liv. 23, 12, 15:sint haec vera velim,
Verg. Cir. 306:nulla me velim syllaba effugiat,
Quint. 11, 2, 45.—With final clause:tu velim mihi ad urbem praesto sis, ut tuis consiliis utar,
Cic. Att. 9, 16, 3; cf. id. ib. 11, 11, 2 (v. I. C. 2. supra).—With ellips. of pres. subj.:velim mehercule Asturae Brutus (i. e. sit),
Cic. Att. 14, 11, 1.—With perf. subj. (a wish referring to the past):c.nimis velim improbissumo homini malas edentaverint,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 48.—With inf.-clause:3.ne ego nunc mihi modium mille esse argenti velim!
Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 9: di me perdant! Me. Quodcunque optes, velim tibi contingere, id. Cist. 2, 1, 30:velim eum tibi placere quam maxime,
Cic. Brut. 71, 249: idque primum ita esse velim;deinde etiam, si non sit, mihi persuaderi tamen velim,
id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:quod faxitis, deos velim fortunare,
Liv. 6, 41, 12.—With perf. pass. inf. (v. I. B. 9. b. b, supra):edepol te hodie lapide percussum velim,
Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 33:moribus praefectum mulierum hunc factum velim,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 30.—With inf.-clause understood:nimium plus quam velim nostrorum ingenia sunt mobilia,
Liv. 2, 37, 4.—With verb in the first person.a.With inf. pres. (so most freq.):b.atque hoc velim probare omnibus, etc.,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 20, 47:velim scire ecquid de te recordere,
id. Tusc. 1, 6, 13:quare te, ut polliceris, videre plane velim,
id. Att. 11, 9, 3:nec vero velim... a calce ad carceres revocari,
id. Sen. 23, 83:sed multitudo ea quid animorum... habeat scire velim,
Liv. 23, 12, 7:interrogare tamen velim, an Isocrates Attice dixerit,
Quint. 12, 10, 22.—With perf. inf. act., Ov. P. 3, 1, 9 (v. II. A. 3. c.).—With acc. and inf.:c.quod velis, modo id velim me scire,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 8.—So with perf. pass. inf.:ego praeterquam quod nihil haustum ex vano velim, Fabium... potissimum auctorem habui,
Liv. 22, 7, 4.—With subj. pres.:4.eo velim tam facili uti possim et tam bono in me quam Curione,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 10 B. and K. ex conj. Mull. (Lachm., Hoffm. posse; al. possem).—Velim in the principal sentence of conditional clauses, I would, I should be willing:5.aetatem velim servire, Libanum ut (= si) conveniam modo,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 8:velim, si fieri possit,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 12:si quid tibi compendi facere possim, factum edepol velim (redundant),
id. ib. 2, 4, 26:si possim, velim,
id. Stich. 4, 2, 9:nec velim (imitari orationes Thucydidis) si possim,
Cic. Brut. 83, 287:si liceat, nulli cognitus esse velim,
Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 42.—The other persons of velim in potential use (rare).a.Velis.(α).Imperatively = cupito:(β).quoniam non potest fieri quod vis, Id velis quod possit,
Ter. And. 2, 1, 6:atque aliquos tamen esse velis tibi, alumna, penates,
Verg. Cir. 331.—Declaratively with indef. subj.: quom inopia'st, cupias; quando ejus copia'st, tum non velis, then you (i.e. people, they) do not want it, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 45.—(γ).Redundant, as a form of the imperative of the dependent verb, Ov. Am. 1, 4, 38 (v. I. A. 3. a. b); id. H. 1, 80 (v. II. A. 1. b.); id. M. 2, 746 (v. II. A. 1. c.).—b.Velit.(α).Modestly for vult:(β).te super aetherias licentius auras Haud pater ille velit, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 558: nemo enim minui velit id in quo maximus fuit, would like that to be diminished in which, etc., Quint. 12, 11, 6; cf. Verg. A. 2, 104, and Ov. H. 9, 7 (v. I. E. 1. c. supra).— So, poet., instead of vellet with perf. inf.:ut fiat, quid non illa dedisse velit?
Ov. Am. 2, 17, 30.—= imperative of third person:c.arma velit, poscatque simul rapiatque juventus,
Verg. A. 7, 340.—Redundantly, giving to the dependent verb the force of an imperative, Quint. 8, prooem. 12 (v. II. A. 1. c. supra; v. also I. A. 3. a. supra).—Velimus.(α).In the optative sense of velim:(β). d.sed scire velimus quod tibi nomen siet,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 6, 18.—Velitis = velim velitis (i. e. jubeatis, jubete):e.novos consules ita cum Samnite gerere bellum velitis ut omnia ante nos bella gesta sunt,
Liv. 9, 8, 10.—So especially in velitis jubeatis, a formula in submitting a law to the votes of the people in the comitia centuriata or tributa, let it be resolved and ordered by you:rogatus in haec verba populus: velitis jubeatisne haec sic fieri, si respublica populi Romani Quiritium, etc.,
Liv. 22, 10, 2:velitis jubeatis, Quirites... uti de ea re Ser. Sulpicius praetor urbanus ad senatum referat, etc.,
id. 38, 54, 3.—And parodied by Cic.:velitis jubeatis ut quod Cicero versum fecerit,
Cic. Pis. 29, 72.—So in oblique discourse, vellent juberent:rogationem promulgavit, vellent juberent Philippo... bellum indici,
Liv. 31, 6, 1:vellent juberentne se regnare,
id. 1, 46, 1; cf.in the resolution of the people: plebis sic jussit: quod senatus... censeat, id volumus jubemusque,
id. 26, 33, 14.—Velint, optative and redundant, Cic. Att. 11, 7, 7 (v. II. A. 1. d.); Ov. P. 1, 7, 8 (v. II. A. 1. c.).C.Vellem, as potential subjunctive, I wish, should like, should have liked, representing the wish as contrary to fact, while velim refers to a wish which may be realized:1.de Menedemo vellem verum fuisset, de regina velim verum sit,
Cic. Att. 15, 4, 4. It is not used with imperative force; cf.:quod scribis, putare te... vellem scriberes, cur ita putares... tu tamen velim scribas,
Cic. Att. 11, 24, 5.—Often quam vellem, how I wish, i. e. I wish very much; and in the same sense: nimium vellem, v. infra.With verb in first person.a.With inf. pres., I wish, would like, referring to present or future actions:b.videre equidem vos vellem, cum huic aurum darem,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 68:vellem equidem idem posse gloriari quod Cyrus,
Cic. Sen. 10, 32:vellem equidem vobis placere, Quirites, sed, etc.,
Liv. 3, 68, 9:quam fieri vellem meus libellus!
Mart. 8, 72, 9.—With cuperem and optarem:nunc ego Triptolemi cuperem conscendere currus... Nunc ego Medeae vellem frenare dracones... Nunc ego jactandas optarem sumere pennas, etc.,
Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 1 sqq.— [p. 2010] Rarely, I should have liked:tum equidem istuc os tuum inpudens videre nimium vellem!
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 49.—And in conditional sense:maerorem minui: dolorem nec potui, nec, si possem, vellem (i. e. minuere),
Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2:certe ego, si sineres, titulum tibi reddere vellem,
Ov. Tr. 4, 5, 13:sic nec amari quidem vellem (i. e. if I were in his place),
Sen. Ira, 1, 20, 4.—With perf. inf., I wish I had:c.abiit, vah! Rogasse vellem,
I wish I had asked him, Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 25:maxime vellem semper tecum fuisse,
Cic. Att. 8, 11, D, 5:quam vellem petisse ab eo quod audio Philippum impetrasse,
id. ib. 10, 4, 10:non equidem vellem, quoniam nocitura fuerunt, Pieridum sacris imposuisse manum,
Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 27:ante equidem summa de re statuisse, Latini, Et vellem, et fuerat melius,
Verg. A. 11, 303. —With inf.-clause, the predicate being a perf. part. (v. I. B. 9. b. b, supra):d.virum me natam vellem,
would I had been born a man! Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 9.—With subj. imperf. (rare):2.quam vellem, Panaetium nostrum nobiscum haberemus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 10, 15.—The subject of the dependent verb in the second person.a.With subj. imperf. (the regular construction):b.hodie igitur me videbit, ac vellem tum tu adesses,
I wish you could be present, Cic. Att. 13, 7, 2:quam vellem de his etiam oratoribus tibi dicere luberet,
I wish you would please, id. Brut. 71, 248.—With subj. pluperf., I wish you had:c.vellem Idibus Martiis me ad cenam invitasses,
Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 1:quam vellem te ad Stoicos inclinavisses,
id. Fin. 3, 3, 10:vellem suscepisses juvenem regendum,
id. Att. 10, 6, 2:quam vellem Bruto studium tuum navare potuisses,
id. ib. 15, 4, 5.—With ne and pluperf. subj.:d.tu vellem ne veritus esses ne parum libenter legerem tuas litteras,
Cic. Fam. 7, 33, 2.—With ellipsis of verb: vera cantas, vana vellem (i. e. cantares). Plaut. Most. 3, 4, 41.—3.With verb in third person.a.With imperf. subj. (the regular construction):b.patrem atque matrem viverent vellem tibi (per ecthesin, v. I. E. b.),
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 106:vellem adesset Antonius, modo sine advocatis,
Cic. Phil. 1, 7, 16:vellem nobis hoc idem vere dicere liceret,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1:vellem adesse posset Panaetius,
id. Tusc. 1, 33, 81:vellem hoc esset laborare,
id. Or. 2, 71, 287.—With pluperf. subj.:c.vellem aliqui ex vobis robustioribus hunc male dicendi locum suscepissent,
Cic. Cael. 3, 7:vellem dictum esset ab eodem etiam de Dione,
id. ib. 10, 23; so id. ib. 31, 74; id. Brut. 44, 163:quam vellem Dareus aliquid ex hac indole hausisset!
Curt. 3, 32 (12), 26.—With inf.-clause.(α).With inf. pres., I wish he were:(β).quam non abesse ab hujus judicio L. Vulsionem vellem!
Cic. Clu. 70, 198:nunc mihi... Vellem, Maeonide, pectus inesse tuum,
Ov. F. 2, 120.—With perf. inf. or part., I wish he had, had been:d.quam vellem Menedemum invitatum!
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 11:epistulas, quas quidem vellem mihi numquam redditas,
Cic. Att. 11, 22, 1.—With ellipsis of predicate: illud quoque vellem antea (i. e. factum, or factum esse),
Cic. Att. 11, 23, 3.—With ut, Cic. Sull. 1, 1; id. Fam. 7, 33, 2 (v. I. C. 1. a. supra).—4.With acc. of a neuter pronoun or of a noun:5.aliquando sentiam us nihil nobis nisi, id quod minime vellem, spiritum reliquum esse,
Cic. Att. 9, 19, 2: tris eos libros maxime nunc vellem: apti essent ad id quod cogito, I would like to have (cf. I. E. 1. a.), id. ib. 13, 22, 2.—In the other persons of vellem (mostly poet.).a.Velles.(α).In optative sentences redundant, Verg. A. 11, 153 (v. II. A. 1. d.).—(β).Of an indefinite subject:b.velles eum (Senecam) suo ingenio dixisse, alieno judicio,
Quint. 10, 1, 130.—Vellet.(α).In the potential sense of vellem: vellet abesse quidem;(β).sed adest. Velletque videre, Non etiam sentire canum fera facta suorum,
Ov. M. 3, 247.—Conditionally:c.quis vellet tanti nuntius esse mali (i. e. if in this situation)?
Ov. H. 12, 146.—Vellent.(α).In the potential sense of vellem:(β).quam vellent aethere in alto Nunc of pauperiem et duros perferre labores!
Verg. A. 6, 436.—Conditionally: nec superi vellent hoc licuisse sibi, would wish, i. e. if in this situation, Mart. 4, 44, 8.D.Volam and voluero.1.In gen.: respiciendus erit sermo stipulationis, utrumne talis sit: quem voluero, an quem volam. Nam si talis fuerit quem voluero, cum semel elegerit, mutare voluntatem non poterit;2.si vero... quem volam, donec judicium dictet, mutandi potestatem habebit,
Dig. 45, 1, 112.—Volam in principal sentences.(α).= Engl. future, I shall wish, etc.:(β).et commeminisse hoc ego volam te,
I shall require you to recollect this, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 7: cum omnia habueris, tunc habere et sapientiam voles? will you also wish to have wisdom when? etc., Sen. Ep. 17, 8.—Denoting present probability: et scilicet jam me hoc voles patrem exorare, ut, etc., you doubtless wish me, etc., Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 27.—3.In clauses dependent on predicates implying a future, generally rendered by an English present:E.quid si sors aliter quam voles evenerit?
otherwise than as you wish, Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 35:tum te, si voles, cum patriae quod debes solveris, satis diu vixisse dicito,
then if you choose, if you will, Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:decedes cum voles,
id. Att. 6, 3, 2:qui magis effugies eos qui volent fingere?
those who are bent upon inventing, who will invent, falsehoods, id. ib. 8, 2, 2; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 4; id. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 24:quod voles gratum esse, rarum effice,
Sen. Ben. 1, 14, 1; cf. id. Brev. Vit. 7, 9: si di volent, the gods permitting, August. ap. Suet. Calig. 8:invenies, vere si reperire voles,
Ov. P. 3, 1, 34; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78; Tib. 1, 4, 45.—So, voluero:quem (locum) si qui vitare voluerit, sex milium circuitu in oppidum pervenit,
who wishes to avoid this spot, Caes. B. C. 2, 24.Si vis, parenthetically.1.If you please (cf. sis, supra init.):2.paulum opperirier, Si vis,
Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 52:audi, si vis, nunc jam,
id. Ad. 2, 1, 30:dic, si vis, de quo disputari velis,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13.—If you wish, choose, insist upon it:F.hanc quoque jucunditatem, si vis, transfer in animum,
Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 14:addam, si vis, animi, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 27, 89:concedam hoc ipsum, si vis, etc.,
id. Div. 2, 15, 34.Quam, with any person of the pres. indic. or subj., or imperf. subj. or future, = quamvis, in a concessive sense, virtually, however, however much.1.3 d pers. sing.:2.quod illa, quam velit sit potens, numquam impetravisset (= quamvis sit potens),
however powerful she may be, Cic. Cael. 26, 63:C. Gracchus dixit, sibi in somnis Ti. fratrem visum esse dicere, quam vellet cunctaretur, tamen eodem sibi leto... esse pereundum,
id. Div. 1, 26, 56:quam volet jocetur,
id. N. D. 2, 17, 46.—1 st pers. plur.:3.quam volumus licet ipsi nos amemus, tamen, etc.,
Cic. Har. Resp. 9, 19.—2 d pers. plur.: exspectate facinus quam vultis improbum, vincam tamen, etc., expect a crime, however wicked ( ever so wicked), etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11;4.but: hac actione quam voletis multi dicent,
as many as you choose, id. ib. 2, 2, 42, § 102.—3 d pers. plur.:G.quam volent illi cedant, tamen a re publica revocabuntur,
Cic. Phil. 2, 44, 113:quam volent in conviviis faceti, dicaces, etc., sint, alia fori vis est, alia triclinii,
id. Cael. 28, 67;but: et ceteri quam volent magnas pecunias capere possint,
as much money as they choose, id. Verr. 2, 2, 58, § 142.Volo = malo, to prefer, with a comparative clause (rare):H.quodsi in ceteris quoque studiis a multis eligere homines commodissimum quodque, quam sese uni alicui certo vellent addicere, = si se eligere mallent quam se uni addicere,
Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5:malae rei quam nullius duces esse volunt,
Liv. 3, 68, 11:famaene credi velis quanta urbs a te capta sit, quam posteris quoque eam spectando esse?
id. 25, 29, 6.With magis and maxime.1.Magis velle: ut tu illam salvam magis velles quam ego, you wish more than I, etc., Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 17.—2.With maxime, to wish above all, more than any thing or any one else, to be most agreeable to one, to like best, to prefer (among more than two alternatives):K.quia id maxime volo ut illi istoc confugiant,
wish above all, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 49; so id. Trin. 3, 2, 38:maxime vellem, judices, ut P. Sulla, etc.,
Cic. Sull. 1, 1:caritate nos capiunt reges, consilio optimates, libertate populi, ut in comparando difficile ad eligendum sit, quid maxime velis,
which you prefer, like best, id. Rep. 1, 35, 55; so, quemadmodum ego maxime vellem, id. Att. 13, 1, 1:tris eos libros maxime nunc vellem,
above all others, id. ib. 13, 32, 2:alia excusanti juveni, alia recipienti futura, ita ut maxime vellet senatus responderi placuit,
as it was most agreeable to him, Liv. 39, 47:si di tibi permisissent quo modo maxime velles experiri animum meum,
in the manner most convenient to yourself, Curt. 3, 6, 12.In disjunctive co - ordination.1.With sive... sive:2.tu nunc, sive ego volo, seu nolo, sola me ut vivam facis,
whether I choose or not, Plaut. Cist. 3, 14:itaque Campanos sive velint, sive nolint, quieturos,
Liv. 8, 2, 13.—Without connectives.a.Vis tu... vis:b.congredi cum hoste liceat... vis tu mari, vis terra, vis acie, vis urbibus expugnandis experiri virtutem?
Liv. 25, 6, 22.—Velim nolim.(α).Interrogatively, = utrum velim nec ne:(β).velit nolit scire, difficile est,
it is difficult to know whether he intends it or not, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 4.—= seu velim seu nolim:A.ut mihi, velim nolim, sit certa quaedam tuenda sententia,
whether I will or not, Cic. N. D. 1, 7, 17:velim nolim, in cognomine Scipionum haeream necesse est,
Val. Max. 3, 7, 3:mors interim adest, cui velis nolis vacandum est,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 8, 5:hunc ita fundatum necesse est, velit nolit, sequatur hilaritas continua,
id. Vit. Beat. 4, 4:velint nolint, respondendum est... beate vivere bonum non esse,
id. Ep. 117, 4:praeterea futuri principes, velint nolint, sciant, etc.,
Plin. Pan. 20 fin. Part. and P. a.: vŏlens, entis.As a part. proper, retaining the meaning and construction of velle, with the force of a relative or adverbial clause.1.Agreeing with some member of the sentence ( poet. and in post-class. prose;2.rare): neque illum... multa volentem Dicere praeterea vidit (= qui multa voluit dicere),
Verg. G. 4, 501; id. A. 2, 790:nec me vis ulla volentem Avertet (i. e. si adhaerere foederi volo),
id. ib. 12, 203: decemviri, minuere volentes hujuscemodi violentiam... putaverunt, etc., intending ( who intended) to diminish such a violence, etc., Gell. 20, 1, 34:Milo, experiri etiamtunc volens, an ullae sibi reliquae vires adessent... rescindere quercum conatus est,
id. 15, 16, 3:scio quosdam testatores, efficere volentes ne servi sui umquam ad libertatem venirent, etc., hactenus scribere solitos,
Dig. 40, 4, 61:si te volentem ad prohibendum venire, deterruerit aliquis, etc.,
ib. 43, 24, 1, § 10.—Abl. absol. (not ante-Aug.):B. 1.ne cujus militis scripti nomen nisi ipso volente deleretur,
except with his consent, Liv. 7, 41, 4; so,Teum ex medio cursu classem repente avertit, aut volentibus iis usurus commeatu parato hostibus, aut ipsos pro hostibus habiturus,
with their consent, id. 37, 27, 3:ponuntque ferocia Poeni Corda, volente deo,
since the god willed it, Verg. A. 1, 303: Thrasippo supplicium a se voluntaria morte exigere volente, while he was about to inflict punishment on himself, etc., Val. Max. 5, 1, ext. 2: scire volentibus immortalibus dis an Romana virtus imperium orbis mereretur, it being the will of the gods to know, etc., Flor. 1, 13, 3 (1, 7, 3): qui sciente aut volente eo ad quem res pertinet, possessionem nanciscitur, with the knowledge and consent of the person who, etc., Dig. 41, 2, 6. —Attributively.a.In the phrase cum dis volentibus, lit. with the willing or favoring gods, i. e. with the will, permission, or favor of the gods: dono ducite doque volentibu' cum magnis dis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 208 Vahl.):b.sequere hac, mea gnata, me cum dis volentibus,
Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 4:cum dis volentibus quodque bene eveniat mando tibi Mani uti illaec suovetaurilia, etc.,
Cato, R. R. 141 (142).— And without cum, abl. absol.:virtute ac dis volentibus magni estis et opulenti,
Sall. J. 14, 19.—Volenti animo.(α).= cupide, eagerly:(β).Romae plebes litteris quae de Metello ac Mario missae erant, volenti animo de ambobus acceperant,
Sall. J. 73, 3. —On purpose, intentionally:2.consilio hanc omnes animisque volentibus urbem Adferimur,
Verg. A. 7, 216.—Predicatively.a.Agreeing with the subject-nom. or subject - acc.(α).Voluntarily, willingly, [p. 2011] gladly (class.):(β).(hi) divini generis appellentur... vobisque jure et lege volentes pareant,
Cic. Univ. 11 fin.:quas victi ab hostibus poenas metuerant, eas ipsi volentes pendere,
Sall. J. 76, 6:quia volentes in amicitiam non veniebant,
Liv. 21, 39, 4:si volentes ac non coacti mansissent in amicitia,
id. 24, 37, 7:quocunque loco seu volens seu invitus constitisti,
id. 7, 40, 13:itaque se numquam volentem parte qua posset rerum consilio gerendarum cessurum,
id. 22, 27, 9:(virtus), quidquid evenerit, feret, non patiens tantum, sed etiam volens,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:non est referre gratiam quod volens acceperis nolenti reddere,
id. Ben. 4, 40, 4:volens vos Turnus adoro,
Verg. A. 10, 677; 3, 457; 6, 146;12, 833: date vina volentes,
id. ib. 8, 275: ipsa autem macie tenuant armenta volentes ( on purpose), id. G. 3, 129.—And referring to subjects denoting things: quos rami fructus, quos ipsa volentia rura Sponte tulere sua, carpsit ( spontaneously and willingly), Verg. G. 2, 500.—Favorably; with propitius, favorably and kindly, referring to the gods:b.precantes Jovem ut volens propitius praebeat sacra arma pro patria,
Liv. 24, 21, 10:precantibus ut volens propitiaque urbem Romanam iniret,
id. 29, 14, 13:in ea arce (Victoriam) sacratam, volentem propitiamque, firmam ac stabilem fore populo Romano,
id. 22, 37, 12; 1, 16, 3; 7, 26, 3; 24, 38, 8; Inscr. Orell. 2489 sq.—Parodied by Plautus:agite, bibite, festivae fores! fite mihi volentes propitiae,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 89.— Abl. absol.:omnia diis propitiis volentibusque ea faciemus,
with the favor and help of the gods, Liv. 39, 16, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.:si (Jovem) invocem ut dexter ac volens assit,
Quint. 4, prooem. 5.—Agreeing with other terms of the sentence (rare): volenti consuli causa in Pamphyliam devertendi oblata est, a welcome cause was offered to the consul, etc., Liv. 38, 15, 3:c.quod nobis volentibus facile continget,
if we wish, Quint. 6, 2, 30:is Ariobarzanem volentibus Armeniis praefecit,
to their satisfaction, Tac. A. 2, 4:gemis... hominem, Urse, tuum, cui dulce volenti servitium... erat,
to whom his servitude was sweet, since he liked it, Stat. S. 2, 6, 15:me mea virtus, etc., fatis egere volentem,
Verg. A. 8, 133:saepe ille volentem castigabat erum,
administered kindly received rebukes, Stat. S. 2, 6, 50.—In the phrase aliquid mihi volenti est or putatur, etc., something is welcome, acceptable to me, pleases me (= volens habeo or accipio aliquid; cf. the Gr. Humin tauta boulomenois estin, and, mihi aliquid cupienti est; v. cupio;3.rare but class.): uti militibus exaequatus cum imperatore labos volentibus esset,
that the equalization of labor was acceptable to the soldier, Sall. J. 100, 4:quia neque plebei militia volenti putabatur,
id. ib. 84, 3 Dietsch:grande periculum maritumis civitatibus esse, et quibusdam volentibus novas res fore,
that to some a change of the government would be welcome, Liv. 21, 50, 10:quibus bellum volentibus erat, probare exemplum,
Tac. Agr. 18.— Impers. with subject - inf.: ceterisque remanere et in verba Vespasiani adigi volentibus fuit, to the rest it was acceptable to remain, etc., Tac. H. 3, 43.—With subject-inf. understood:si volentibus vobis erit, in medium profero quae... legisse memini,
Macr. S. 7, 13, 11:si volentibus vobis erit, diem fabulis et epulis exigamus,
id. ib. 1, 7; 2, 3 fin.; 6, 6 init. —As subst. (mostly post-Aug.).a.vŏlens, entis, m., = is qui vult, in the different meanings, and often with the construction of the verb.(α).One who wishes:(β).nunc cis Hiberum castra Romana esse, arcem tutam perfugiumque novas volentibus res,
Liv. 22, 22, 11:consulere se volentibus vacuas aures accommodavit,
Val. Max. 5, 8, 3:quid opus libertate si volentibus luxu perire non licet,
id. 2, 9, 5:discere meliora volentibus promptum est,
i. e. it depends on our own will to learn better things, Quint. 11, 11, 12:nec sum in hoc sollicitus, dum res ipsa volentibus discere appareat,
to the students, id. 8, 4, 15:mori volentibus vis adhibita vivendi,
Suet. Tib. 61.—One who intends, is about:(γ).juris ignorantia non prodest acquirere volentibus,
i. e. in the acquisition of property, Dig. 22, 6, 7:si quis volentem incipere uti frui prohibuit,
one who is about to enter upon a usufruct, ib. 43, 16, 3, § 14. —One who is willing:(δ).non refert quid sit quod datur, nisi a volente volenti datur,
unless it is both willingly given and received, Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 8:ducunt volentem fata, nolentem trahunt,
those willing to follow, id. Ep. 107, 11.—One who consents:(ε).tutiusque rati volentibus quam coactis imperitare,
to rule men with their consent, Sall. J. 102, 6:quippe rempublicam si a volentibus nequeat ab invitis jus expetituram,
peaceably if they could, forcibly if they must, Liv. 3, 40, 4:si quis aliam rem pro alia volenti solverit,
if one pays with the consent of the receiver, Dig. 46, 3, 46:nulla injuria est quae in volentem fiat,
ib. 47, 10, 1, § 5.—One who does a thing voluntarily:(ζ).pecuniam etiam a volentibus acceperant,
the contributions of money were voluntary, Vell. 2, 62, 3:parce, puer, stimulis... (solis equi) Sponte sua properant. Labor est inhibere volentis (i. e. properare),
Ov. M. 2, 128.—Volens = bene volens: munificus nemo habebatur nisi pariter volens, unless he was just as kindly disposed, sc. as he was liberal, Sall. J. 103, 6.—Often referring to a previously mentioned noun:b.hunc cape consiliis socium et conjunge volentem,
and unite with him, since he wishes it, Verg. A. 5, 712; so may be taken Ov. M. 2, 128 (v. e).—In the neutr. plur. (volentia) rare, always with dat., things pleasing, acceptable:2.Pompeius multis suspitionibus volentia plebi facturus habebatur,
that he would do what pleased the common people, Sall. H. 4, 31 Dietsch:haec atque talia plebi volentia fuere,
Tac. A. 15, 36 Draeg. ad loc. al.:iique Muciano volentia rescripsere,
id. H. 3, 52.—Hence, adv.: vŏlenter, willingly, App. M. 6, p. 178, 4.vŏlo, āvi, ātum ( part. gen. plur. volantūm, Verg. A. 6, 728; Lucr. 2, 1083), 1, v. n. [Sanscr. val-, to turn one's self, etc.; cf.: vŏlucer, vēlox, and vol- in velivolus], to fly.I.Lit.: ex alto... laeva volavit avis, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 95 Vahl.):2. II.aves,
Lucr. 6, 742:accipitres,
id. 4, 1010:corvi,
id. 2, 822:altam supra volat ardea nubem,
Verg. G. 1, 364:volat ille per aëra magnum Remigio alarum,
id. A. 1, 300:columbae venere volantes,
id. ib. 6, 191; Prop. 2, 30 (3, 28), 30; Juv. 8, 251:apes,
Ov. A. A. 1, 96; cf. Plin. 10, 38, 54, § 112:volasse eum (Antonium), non iter fecisse diceres,
Cic. Phil. 10, 5, 11.—Prov.:sine pennis volare haud facile est,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 49.—Transf., to fly, i. e. to move swiftly like one flying, to fleet, speed, hasten along:3.i sane... vola curriculo,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 17; cf.:per summa levis volat aequora curru,
Verg. A. 5, 819:medios volat ecce per hostes Vectus equo spumante Saces,
id. ib. 12, 650:illa (Argo) volat,
Ov. H. 6, 66:currus,
Verg. G. 3, 181:axis,
id. ib. 3, 107:nubes,
Lucr. 5, 254:fulmina,
id. 2, 213:tempestates,
id. 6, 612:telum,
id. 1, 971; cf. Sall. J. 60, 2; Verg. A. 9, 698; Liv. 26, 44, 7 al.:litterae Capuam ad Pompeium volare dicebantur,
Cic. Att. 2, 19, 3:volat aetas,
id. Tusc. 1, 31, 76:hora,
Sen. Hippol. 1141:fama,
Verg. A. 3, 121:et semel emissum volat irrevocabile verbum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 71.— Poet., with inf.:ast Erebi virgo ditem volat aethere Memphim Praecipere et Phariā venientem pellere terrā,
Val. Fl. 4, 407.vŏlo, ōnis, m. [1. volo], a volunteer, first applied to the slaves who, after the battle at Cannæ, were enrolled upon their own expressed desire to serve (cf. Liv. 22, 57, 11; Val. Max. 7, 6, 1):volones dicti sunt milites, qui post Cannensem cladem usque ad octo milia, cum essent servi, voluntarie se ad militiam obtulere,
Paul. Diac. p. 370:volones, quia sponte hoc voluerunt, appellati,
Macr. S. 1, 11, 30:vetus miles tironi, liber voloni sese exaequari sineret,
Liv. 23, 35, 6; 23, 32, 1; Capitol. Anton. Phil. 21, 6; Macr. S. 1, 11, 30. -
13 sisto
sisto, stĭti (Charis. p. 220, and Diom. p. 369, give steti for both sisto and sto, confining stiti to the compounds of both. But steti, as perfect of sisto, is late jurid. Lat., and perh. dub.;I.for steterant,
Verg. A. 3, 110;steterint,
id. ib. 3, 403; Liv. 8, 32, 12, belong to stare; cf. also Gell. 2, 14, 1 sqq.; and v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 461 sq.), stătum [root stă, strengthened by reduplication; cf. histêmi], used in two general senses, I. To cause to stand, place, = colloco, pono; II. To stand, be placed, = sto.Sistere, in gen., = collocare (in class. prose only in the partic. uses, v. A. 4. C. and D., infra).A.Causative, with acc.1.To place = facere ut stet; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with ad, super, etc., and acc.:2.O qui me gelidis in vallibus Haemi Sistat,
Verg. G. 2, 489:tertia lux classem Cretaeis sistet in oris,
id. A. 3, 117 (classis stat;v. sto): inque tuo celerem litore siste gradum,
Ov. H. 13, 102 (cf. infra, III. 2. A.):jaculum clamanti (al. clamantis) sistit in ore,
plants the dart in his face, Verg. A. 10, 323:disponit quas in fronte manus, medio quas robore sistat,
Stat. Th. 7, 393:(equum ligneum) sacratā sistimus arā,
Verg. A. 2, 245:aeternis potius me pruinis siste,
Stat. Th. 4, 395: ut stata (est) lux pelago, as soon as light was set ( shone) on the sea, id. ib. 5, 476:victima Sistitur ante aras,
Ov. M. 15, 132:quam (suem) Aeneas ubi... sistit ad aram,
Verg. A. 8, 85:post haec Sistitur crater,
Ov. M. 8, 669: vestigia in altero (monte) sisti (non posse), that no footprints can be placed ( made) on the other mountain, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211:cohortes expeditas super caput hostium sistit,
Tac. H. 3, 77; cf. id. A. 12, 13; Stat. Th. 4, 445; Sil. 4, 612. —To place, as the result of guidance or conveyance; hence, to convey, to send, lead, take, conduct to, = facere ut veniat; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with advv. of place: officio meo ripā sistetur in illā Haec, will be carried by me to, etc., Ov. M. 9, 109:3.terrā sistēre petitā,
id. ib. 3, 635:(vos) facili jam tramite sistam,
Verg. A. 6, 676:ut eum in Syriā aut Aegypto sisterent orabat,
to convey him to, Tac. H. 2, 9.—So with hic (= in with abl.) or huc (= in with acc.):hic siste patrem,
Sen. Phoen. 121:Annam huc siste sororem,
Verg. A. 4, 634.—To place an army in order of battle, draw up, = instruere:4.aciem in litore sistit,
Verg. A. 10, 309; cf.:sistere tertiam decimam legionem in ipso aggere jubet,
Tac. H. 3, 21.—Se sistere = to betake one's self, to present one's self, to come (so twice in Cicero's letters):5.des operam, id quod mihi affirmasti, ut te ante Kal. Jan., ubicumque erimus, sistas,
Cic. Att. 3, 25:te vegetum nobis in Graeciā sistas,
id. ib. 10, 16, 6 (cf. infra, E.):hic dea se primum rapido pulcherrima nisu Sistit,
Verg. A. 11, 853.—With two acc. (cf.: praesto, reddo) = to cause to be in a certain condition, to place, etc.; often with dat. of interest (ante- and post-class., and poet.; cf.b.supra, 4.): ego vos salvos sistam,
I will place you in safety, see you to a safe place, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 5:omnia salva sistentur tibi,
all will be returned to you in good order, id. ib. 5, 3, 3; so,suam rem sibi salvam sistam,
id. Poen. 5, 2, 123; cf.:rectius tacitas tibi res sistam, quam quod dictum est mutae mulieri,
will keep your secrets, id. ib. 4, 2, 54:neque (dotem) incolumem sistere illi, et detraxe autument,
that you deliver it entire to her, id. Trin. 3, 3, 15:cum te reducem aetas prospera sistet,
Cat. 64, 238: tu modo servitio vacuum me siste (= praesta) superbo, set me free from, Prop. 4, 16 (3, 17), 42:tutum patrio te limine sistam,
will see you safe home, Verg. A. 2, 620:praedā onustos triumphantesque mecum domos reduces sistatis,
Liv. 29, 27, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:Pelasgis siste levem campum,
Stat. Th. 8, 328:modo se isdem in terris victorem sisterent,
Tac. A. 2, 14:operā tuā sistas hunc nobis sanum atque validum,
give him back to us, safe and sound, Gell. 18, 10, 7: ita mihi salvam ac sospitem rempublicam sistere in suā sede liceat, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 28.—Neutr, with double nom., = exsistere, to be, to become: judex extremae sistet vitaeque necisque, he will become a judge, etc., Manil. 4, 548 (dub.):B.tempora quod sistant propriis parentia signis,
id. 3, 529 (dub.; al. sic stant; cf. infra, II.).—As neuter verb, to stand, rest, be placed, lie ( poet.);C.constr. like sto: ne quis mihi obstiterit obviam, nam qui obstiterit, ore sistet,
will lie on his face, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 13 Brix ad loc.: (nemo sit) tantā gloriā... quin cadat, quin capite sistat, will be placed or stand on his head, id. Curc. 2, 3, 8:ibi crebro, credo, capite sistebant cadi,
id. Mil. 3, 2, 36 Lorenz (Brix, hoc illi crebro capite):ipsum si quicquam posse in se sistere credis,
to rest upon itself, Lucr. 1, 1057:neque posse in terrā sistere terram,
nor can the earth rest upon itself, id. 2, 603:at conlectus aquae... qui lapides inter sistit per strata viarum,
id. 4, 415:incerti quo fata ferant, ubi sistere detur,
to rest, to stay, Verg. A. 3, 7; cf.:quaesitisque diu terris, ubi sistere detur,
Ov. M. 1, 307. —As jurid. term.1.In both a causative and neuter sense = to produce in court, or to appear in court after being bound over by the judge or by promise to the adversary (vadimonium); constr. either absol. or with the dat. of the adversary to whom the promise is made (alicui sisti), to appear upon somebody's demand; also, in judicio sisti. The present active is either used reflexively (se sistere = to appear), or with a transitive object (sistere aliquem = to produce in court one in whose behalf the promise has been made). The present passive, sisti, sistendus, sistitur, = to appear or to be produced. The perfect act., stiti, stitisse, rarely the perfect passive, status sum, = to have appeared, I appeared. So in all periods of the language:2.cum autem in jus vocatus fuerit adversarius, ni eo die finitum fuerit negotium, vadimonium ei faciendum est, id est ut promittat se certo die sisti,
Gai. 4, 184:fit ut Alfenus promittat, Naevio sisti Quinctium,
that Quinctius would be forthcoming upon Naevius's complaint, Cic. Quint. 21, 67; cf. id. ib. 8, 30 (v. infra, B.):testificatur, P. Quinctium non stitisse, et se stitisse,
id. ib. 6, 25:quin puellam sistendam promittat (= fore ut puella sistatur in judicio),
Liv. 3, 45, 3:interrogavit quisquam, in quem diem locumque vadimonium promitti juberet, et Scipio manum ad ipsam oppidi, quod obsidebatur, arcem protendens: Perendie sese sistant illo in loco,
Gell. 7, 1, 10:si quis quendam in judicio sisti promiserit, in eādem causā eum debet sistere,
Dig. 2, 11, 11:si servum in eādem causā sistere promiserit, et liber factus sistatur,... non recte sistitur,
ib. 2, 9, 5:sed si statu liberum sisti promissum sit, in eādem causā sisti videtur, quamvis liber sistatur,
ib. 2, 9, 6:cum quis in judicio sisti promiserit, neque adjecerit poenam si status non esset,
ib. 2, 6, 4:si quis in judicio secundum suam promissionem non stitit,
ib. 2, 11, 2, § 1; cf. ib. 2, 5, 1; 2, 8, 2; 2, 11, 2, § 3.—Vadimonium sistere, to present one's self in court, thus keeping the solemn engagement (vadimonium) made to that effect; lit., to make the vadimonium stand, i. e. effective, opp. deserere vadimonium = not to appear, to forfeit the vadimonium. The phrase does not occur in the jurists of the Pandects, the institution of the vadimonium being abolished by Marcus Aurelius. It is found in the following three places only: quid si vadimonium capite obvoluto stitisses? Cat. ap. Gell. 2, 14, 1: ut Quinctium sisti Alfenus promitteret. Venit Romam Quinctius;D.vadimonium sistit,
Cic. Quint. 8, 30:ut nullum illa stiterit vadimonium sine Attico,
Nep. Att. 9; Gai. 4, 185; cf. diem sistere under status, P. a. infra.—Transf., out of judicial usage, in gen., = to appear or present one's self, quasi ex vadimonio; constr. absol. or with dat. of the person entitled to demand the appearance:E.ubi tu es qui me vadatus's Veneriis vadimoniis? Sisto ego tibi me, et mihi contra itidem ted ut sistas suadeo (of a lover's appointment),
Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 5; so,tibi amatorem illum alacrem vadimonio sistam,
produce, App. M. 9, p. 227, 14:nam promisimus carnufici aut talentum magnum, aut hunc hodie sistere,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 73:vas factus est alter ejus sistendi, ut si ille non revertisset, moriendum esset sibi,
Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45. —Fana sistere, acc. to Festus anciently used, either = to place ( secure and fix places for) temples in founding a city, or to place the couches in the lectisternia:F.sistere fana, cum in urbe condendā dicitur, significat loca in oppido futurorum fanorum constituere: quamquam Antistius Labeo, in commentario XV. juris pontificii ait fana sistere esse lectisternia certis locis et diebus habere,
Fest. p. 267 Lind. To this usage Plaut. perh. alludes:apud illas aedis sistendae mihi sunt sycophantiae,
the place about that house I must make the scene of my tricks, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 25.—Sistere monumenta, etc., or sistere alone, to erect statues, etc. (= statuere; post-class. and rare;II.mostly in Tac.): ut apud Palatium effigies eorum sisteret,
Tac. A. 15, 72:cum Augustus sibi templum sisti non prohibuisset,
id. ib. 4 37:at Romae tropaea de Parthis arcusque sistebantur,
id. ib. 15, 18:monuere ut... templum iisdem vestigiis sisteretur,
id. H. 4, 53:sistere monumenta,
Aus. Ep. 24, 55: Ast ego te... Carthaginis arce Marmoreis sistam templis (cf. histanai tina), Sil. 8, 231; v. statuo.Sistere = to cause what is tottering or loose to stand firm, to support or fasten; and neutr., to stand firm.A.Causative (rare;B.perh. not in class. prose) = stabilire: sucus... mobilis (dentes) sistit,
Plin. 20, 3, 8, § 15; and trop.: hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam magno turbante tumultu Sistet (cf.: respublica stat;v. sto),
Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.:non ita civitatem aegram esse, ut consuetis remediis sisti posset,
Liv. 3, 20, 8 (where sisti may be impers.; v. infra, III. C.).—Neutr., to stand firm, to last, = stare:2.nec mortale genus, nec divum corpora sancta Exiguom possent horai sistere tempus,
Lucr. 1, 1016: qui rem publicam sistere negat posse, nisi ad equestrem ordinem judicia referantur, Cotta ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223.—Neutr., to stand firm, to resist:III.nec quicquam Teucros Sustentare valet telis, aut sistere contra,
Verg. A. 11, 873; so with dat. = resistere:donec Galba, inruenti turbae neque aetate neque corpore sistens, sella levaretur,
Tac. H. 1, 35; cf. sisti = resistere, III. B. 1. f. infra.Sistere = to stand still, and to cause to stand still.A.Neutr. = stare (rare; in Varr., Tac., and the poets).a.To stand still:b.solstitium dictum est quod sol eo die sistere videatur,
Varr. L. L. 5, p. 53 (Bip.):sistunt amnes,
Verg. G. 1, 479:incurrit, errat, sistit,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 248.—To remain, stop:c.Siste! Quo praeceps ruis?
Sen. Thyest. 77; id. Oedip. 1050:vis tu quidem istum intra locum sistere?
will you remain in that position? Tac. A. 4, 40.—Trop., to stop, not to go any farther:d.depunge, ubi sistam,
Pers. 6, 79:nec in Hectore tracto sistere,
to stop at the dragging of Hector, Stat. Achill. 1, 7.—To cease (dub.):B.hactenus sistat nefas' pius est,
if his crime ceases here, he will be pious, Sen. Thyest. 744 (perh. act., to stop, end).—Causative (not ante-Aug.; freq. in Tac., Plin., and the poets).1. a.With gradum:b.plano sistit uterque gradum,
arrest their steps, Prop. 5 (4), 10, 36; Verg. A. 6, 465:siste properantem gradum,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 772:repente sistunt gradum,
Curt. 4, 6, 14. —With pedem, Ov. R. Am. 80.—With fugam, to stop, stay, check, stem, arrest the flight:c.fugam foedam siste,
Liv. 1, 12, 5:si periculo suo fugam sistere posset,
id. 30, 12, 1; so Curt. 8, 14, 37; 4, 16, 2; 8, 3, 2; Tac. A. 12, 39.—Of vehicles, horses, etc.:d. e.esseda siste,
Prop. 2, 1, 76:equos,
Verg. A. 12, 355:quadrijugos,
Stat. Achill. 2, 429; so id. Th. 5, 364.—With bellum, to halt (cf. infra, D.):f.Aquilejae sisti bellum expectarique Mucianum jubebat,
Tac. H. 3, [p. 1712] 8.—Of living objects, in gen.(α).To arrest their course, make them halt:(β).aegre coercitam legionem Bedriaci sistit,
Tac. H. 2, 23:festinantia sistens Fata,
staying the hurrying Fates, Stat. S. 3, 4, 24.—So, se sistere with ab, to desist from:non prius se ab effuso cursu sistunt,
Liv. 6, 29, 3; hence, to arrest by wounding, i. e. to wound or kill:aliquem cuspide,
Sil. 1, 382; 1, 163; so,cervum vulnere sistere,
id. 2, 78.—To stop a hostile attack of persons, to resist them, ward them off:g.ut non sisterent modo Sabinas legiones, sed in fugam averterent,
Liv. 1, 37, 3:ibi integrae vires sistunt invehentem se jam Samnitem,
id. 10, 14, 18:nec sisti vis hostium poterat,
Curt. 5, 3, 11:nec sisti poterant scandentes,
Tac. H. 3, 71; 5, 21. —Trop., to stop the advance of prices:2.pretia augeri in dies, nec mediocribus remediis sisti posse,
Tac. A. 3, 52.—To arrest the motion of fluids.a.Of water:b.sistere aquam fluviis,
Verg. A. 4, 489:amnis, siste parumper aquas,
Ov. Am. 3, 6, 2:quae concita flumina sistunt,
id. M. 7, 154:sistito infestum mare,
calm, Sen. Agam. 523; cf. Ov. M. 7, 200; id. H. 6, 87; Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 118.—Of blood and secretions:3. 4.(ea) quibus sistitur sanguis parari jubet,
Tac. A. 15, 54:sanguinem,
Plin. 20, 7, 25, § 59; 28, 18, 73, § 239; 27, 4, 5, § 18:haemorrhoidum abundantiam,
id. 27, 4, 5, § 19:fluctiones,
id. 20, 8, 27, § 71, 34, 10, 23, § 105; 35, 17, 57, § 195:nomas,
id. 30, 13, 39, § 116; 24, 16, 94, § 151:mensis,
id. 23, 6, 60, § 112:vomitiones,
id. 20, 20, 81, § 213:alvum bubus,
id. 18, 16, 42, § 143:alvum,
stop the bowels, id. 23, 6, 60, § 113; 22, 25, 59, § 126; 20, 5, 18, § 37:ventrem,
id. 20, 23, 96, § 256; Mart. 13, 116.—To end, put an end to (= finem facere alicui rei); pass., to cease:5.querelas,
Ov. M. 7, 711:fletus,
id. ib. 14, 835:lacrimas,
id. F. 1, 367; 480; 6, 154:minas,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 60:opus,
id. H. 16 (17), 266; id. M. 3, 153:labores,
id. ib. 5, 490:furorem,
Stat. Th. 5, 663:furialem impetum,
Sen. Med. 157; id. Agam. 203:pace tamen sisti bellum placet,
Ov. M. 14, 803:antequam summa dies spectacula sistat,
id. F. 4, 387:sitim sistere,
to allay, id. P. 3, 1, 18:nec primo in limine sistit conatus scelerum,
suppresses, Stat. S. 5, 2, 86:ruinas,
to stop destruction, Plin. Pan. 50, 4:ventum,
to ward off, turn the wind, id. Ep. 2, 17, 17;(motus terrae) non ante quadraginta dies sistuntur, = desinunt,
Plin. 2, 82, 84, § 198.—Sistere with intra = to confine, keep within:C.transgresso jam Alpes Caecina, quem sisti intra Gallias posse speraverant,
Tac. H. 2, 11:dum populatio lucem intra sisteretur,
provided the raids were confined to day-time, id. A. 4, 48. —Impers. and trop., to arrest or avoid an impending misfortune, or to stand, i. e. to endure; generally in the form sisti non potest (more rarely: sisti potest) = it cannot be endured, a disaster cannot be avoided or met (once in Plaut.; freq. in Liv.; sometimes in Tac.; cf., in gen., Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 720; Drak. ad Liv. 3, 16, 4; Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 29, 8; Gronov. ad Liv. 4, 12, 6; Beneke ad Just. 11, 1, 6).1.Without a subject, res or a noun of general import being understood:2.quid ego nunc agam, nisi ut clipeum ad dorsum accommodem, etc.? Non sisti potest,
it is intolerable, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 94:totam plebem aere alieno demersam esse, nec sisti posse nisi omnibus consulatur,
Liv. 2, 29, 8:si domestica seditio adiciatur, sisti non posse,
the situation will be desperate, id. 45, 19, 3:si quem similem priore anno dedissent, non potuisse sisti,
id. 3, 9, 8:vixque concordiā sisti videbatur,
that the crisis could scarcely be met, even by harmonious action, id. 3, 16, 4:qualicunque urbis statu, manente disciplinā militari sisti potuisse,
these evils were endurable, id. 2, 44, 10: exercitum gravi morbo affectari, nec sisti potuisse ni, etc., it would have ended in disaster, if not, etc., id. 29, 10, 1:qui omnes populi si pariter deficiant, sisti nullo modo posse,
Just. 11, 1, 6 Gronov. ad loc.; cf. Liv. 3, 20, 8 supra, II. A. 1.— Rarely with a subject-clause understood: nec jam sisti poterat, and it was no longer tolerable, i. e. that Nero should disgrace himself, etc., Tac. A. 14, 14.—Rarely with quin, to prevent etc. (pregn., implying also the stopping of something; cf.A.supra, III. B. 1.): neque sisti potuit quin et palatium et domus et cuncta circum haurirentur (igni),
Tac. A. 15, 39.—Hence, stătus, a, um, P. a., as attribute of nouns, occurs in several conventional phrases, as relics of archaic usage.Status (condictusve) dies cum hoste, in the XII. Tables, = a day of trial fixed by the judge or agreed upon with the adversary;B.esp., a peregrinus (= hostis),
Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37. It presupposes a phrase, diem sistere, prob.=vadimonium sistere (v. supra, I. C. 2.). Such an appointment was an excuse from the most important public duties, even for soldiers from joining the army, Cinc. ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4.—Hence, transf.: si status condictus cum hoste intercedit dies, tamen est eundum quo imperant,
i. e. under all circumstances we must go, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 5.—In certain phrases, appointed, fixed, regular (cf. statutus, with which it is often confounded in MSS.):C.status dies: tres in anno statos dies habere quibus, etc.,
Liv. 39, 13, 8:stato loco statisque diebus,
id. 42, 32, 2; so id. 5, 52, 2; 27, 23 fin.:stato lustri die,
Sen. Troad. 781:status sacrificii dies,
Flor. 1, 3, 16:statum tempus, statā vice, etc.: lunae defectio statis temporibus fit,
Liv. 44, 37 init.; so id. 28, 6, 10:stato tempore,
Tac. A. 12, 13; id. H. 4, 81; Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 173:stata tempora (partus),
Stat. Achill. 2, 673:adeo in illā plagā mundus statas vices temporum mutat,
Curt. 8, 19, 13; so id. 9, 9, 9; 5, 1, 23; so, feriae, etc.: feriae statae appellabantur quod certo statutoque die observarentur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69 Lind.:stata quinquennia,
Stat. S. 5, 3, 113:stata sacra or sacrificia: stata sacrificia sunt quae certis diebus fieri debent,
Fest. p. 264 Lind.:proficiscuntur Aeniam ad statum sacrificium,
Liv. 40, 4, 9; 23, 35, 3; 5, 46, 2; 39, 13, 8; Cic. Mil. 17, 45:solemne et statum sacrificium (al. statutum),
id. Tusc. 1, 47, 113; so Liv. 23, 35, 3:stata sacra,
Ov. F. 2, 528; Stat. Th. 1, 666:stata foedera,
id. ib. 11, 380:status flatus,
Sen. Ben. 4, 28:stati cursus siderum,
Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 291 (different: statae stellae = fixed stars, Censor. D. N. 8, belonging to II. 2. supra): statae febres, intermittent fevers, returning regularly, Plin. 28, 27, 28, § 107.—Moderate, average, normal:inter enim pulcherrimam feminam et deformissimam media forma quaedam est, quae et a nimio pulcritudinis periculo et a summo deformitatis odio vacat, qualis a Q. Ennio perquam eleganti vocabulo stata dicitur...Ennius autem eas fere feminas ait incolumi pudicitia esse quae statā formā forent,
Gell. 5, 11, 12 -14 (v. Enn. Trag. p. 133 Vahl.). -
14 an
1.ăn, conj. [etym. very obscure; v. the various views adduced in Hand, I. p. 296, with which he seems dissatisfied; if it is connected with the Sanscr. anjas, = Germ. ander, = Engl. other, we may comp. the Engl. other and or with the Germ. oder, = or]. It introduces the second part of a disjunctive interrogation, or a phrase implying doubt, and thus unites in itself the signif. of aut and num or -ne, or, or whether (hence the clause with an is entirely parallel with that introduced by num, utrum, -ne, etc., while aut forms only a subdivision in the single disjunctive clause; utrum... aut—an... aut, whether... or, etc.; cf. Ochsn. Eclog. p. 150; v. also aut).I.In disjunctive interrogations.A.Direct.a.Introd. by utrum (in Engl. the introd. particle whether is now obsolete, and the interrogation is denoted simply by the order of the words):b.Utrum hac me feriam an ab laevā latus?
Plaut. Cist. 3, 10:sed utrum tu amicis hodie an inimicis tuis Daturu's cenam?
id. Ps. 3, 2, 88; id. Pers. 3, 1, 13; id. Trin. 1, 2, 138; id. Cas. 2, 4, 11:Utrum sit annon voltis?
id. Am. prol. 56:quid facies? Utrum hoc tantum crimen praetermittes an obicies?
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 30 sq.:in plebem vero Romanam utrum superbiam prius commemorem an crudelitatem?
id. Verr. 1, 122; id. Deiot. 23; id. Fam. 7, 13:Utrum enim defenditis an impugnatis plebem?
Liv. 5, 3. —And with an twice:Utrum hoc signum cupiditatis tuae an tropaeum necessitudinis atque hospitii an amoris indicium esse voluisti?
Cic. Verr. 2, 115; id. Imp. Pomp. 57 sq.; id. Rab. 21.—With an three times:Utrum res ab initio ita ducta est, an ad extremum ita perducta, an ita parva est pecunia, an is (homo) Verres, ut haec quae dixi, gratis facta esse videantur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 61; 3, 83; id. Clu. 183; Liv. 21, 10; and seven times in Cic. Dom. 56-58.—With -ne pleon. (not to be confounded with cases where utrum precedes as pron.; as Cic. Tusc. 4, 4, 9):sed utrum tu masne an femina es, qui illum patrem voces?
Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 16; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 42; id. Stich. 5, 4, 26:Utrum studione id sibi habet an laudi putat Fore, si etc.,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 28:Utrum igitur tandem perspicuisne dubia aperiuntur an dubiis perspicua tolluntur?
Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67.—And affixed to utrum, but rarely:Utrumne jussi persequemur otium... an hunc laborem etc.,
Hor. Epod. 1, 7; Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 4; Quint. 12, 1, 40.—Introduced by -ne:c.quid fit? seditio tabetne an numeros augificat suos?
Enn. Trag. Rel. p. 23 Rib.:servos esne an liber?
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 186:idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?
Cic. Lig. 18; 23:custosne urbis an direptor et vexator esset Antonius?
id. Phil. 3, 27; id. Mur. 88; id. Sull. 22.—So with an twice,
Cic. Cat. 1, 28; id. Att. 16, 8;and five times,
id. Balb. 9.—Introduced by nonne:d.Nonne ad servos videtis rem publicam venturam fuisse? An mihi ipsi fuit mors aequo animo oppetenda?
Cic. Sest. 47; id. Sex. Rosc. 43 sq.; id. Dom. 26; 127.—So with an twice, Cic. Phil. 11, 36.—Introduced by num:e.si quis invidiae metus, num est vehementius severitatis invidia quam inertiae pertimescenda?
Cic. Cat. 1, 29; id. Mur. 76; id. Sest. 80:Num quid duas habetis patrias an est illa patria communis?
id. Leg. 2, 2.—Without introductory particle:B.quid igitur? haec vera an falsa sunt?
Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 95:quid enim exspectas? bellum an tabulas novas?
id. Cat. 2, 18:ipse percussit an aliis occidendum dedit?
id. Sex. Rosc. 74; id. Verr. 2, 106; id. Imp. Pomp. 53; id. Phil. 2, 27:eloquar an sileam?
Verg. A. 3, 37:auditis an me ludit amabilis Insania?
Hor. C. 3, 4, 5.—So an twice, Cic. Mil. 54;three times,
Plin. Ep. 2, 8;and six times,
Cic. Rab. 14; id. Pis. 40.—Indirect.a.Introduced by utrum:► So once only in Vulg.quid tu, malum, curas, Utrum crudum an coctum edim?
Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 16; id. Cist. 4, 2, 11; id. Bacch. 3, 4, 1; id. Mil. 2, 3, 74:quaero, si quis... utrum is clemens an inhumanissimus esse videatur,
Cic. Cat. 4, 12:agitur, utrum M. Antonio facultas detur an horum ei facere nihil liceat,
id. Phil. 5, 6; id. Sex. Rosc. 72; id. Imp. Pomp. 42; id. Verr. 1, 105.aut for an: Loquimini de me utrum bovem cujusquam tulerim aut asinum, 1 Reg. 12, 3.—And with -ne pleon.:b.res in discrimine versatur, utrum possitne se contra luxuriem parsimonia defendere an deformata cupiditati addicatur,
Cic. Quinct. 92:numquamne intelleges statuendum tibi esse, utrum illi, qui istam rem gesserunt, homicidaene sint an vindices libertatis?
id. Phil. 2, 30.—Introduced by -ne:c.Fortunāne an forte repertus,
Att. Trag. Rel. p. 159 Rib. agitur autem liberine vivamus an mortem obeamus, Cic. Phil. 11, 24; id. Verr. 4, 73; id. Mil. 16:nunc vero non id agitur, bonisne an malis moribus vivamus etc.,
Sall. C. 52, 10.—So with an three times, Cic. Or. 61.—Introduced by an:d.haud scio an malim te videri... an amicos tuos plus habuisse,
Cic. Pis. 39.—Without introd. particle:C.... vivam an moriar, nulla in me est metus,
Enn. Trag. Rel. p. 72 Rib.:vivat an mortuus sit, quis aut scit aut curat?
Cic. Phil. 13, 33; 3, 18; id. Sex. Rosc. 88; id. Red. in Sen. 14.—Sometimes the opinion of the speaker or the probability inclines to the second interrogative clause (cf. infra, II. E.). and this is made emphatic, as a corrective of the former, or rather, or on the contrary:D.ea quae dixi ad corpusne refers? an est aliquid, quod te suā sponte delectet?
Cic. Fin. 2, 33, 107:Cur sic agere voluistis? An ignoratis quod etc.,
Vulg. Gen. 44, 15.—Hence, in the comic poets, an potius:cum animo depugnat suo, Utrum itane esse mavelit ut... An ita potius ut etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 31: id. Stich. 1, 2, 18; id. Trin. 2, 2, 25:an id flagitium est, An potius hoc patri aequomst fieri, ut a me ludatur dolis?
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 94.—The first part of the interrogation is freq. not expressed, but is to be supplied from the context; in this case, an begins the interrog., or, or rather, or indeed, or perhaps (but it does not begin an absolute, i. e. not disjunctive, interrog.): De. Credam ego istuc, si esse te hilarem videro. Ar. An tu esse me tristem putas? (where nonne me hilarem esse vides? is implied), Plaut. As. 5, 1, 10: Ch. Sed Thaïs multon ante venit? Py. An abiit jam a milite? Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 7:E.An ego Ulixem obliscar umquam?
Att. Trag. Rel. p. 199 Rib.:An parum vobis est quod peccatis?
Vulg. Josh. 22, 17:est igitur aliquid, quod perturbata mens melius possit facere quam constans? an quisquam potest sine perturbatione mentis irasci?
Cic. Tusc. 4, 24, 54; cf. id. Clu. 22; id. Off. 3, 29: Debes hoc etiam rescribere, sit tibi curae Quantae conveniat Munatius; an male sarta Gratia nequiquam coit...? or is perhaps, etc., Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 31 K. and H. —So esp. in Cic., in order to make the truth of an assertion more certain, by an argumentum a minore ad majus:cur (philosophus) pecuniam magno opere desideret vel potius curet omnino? an Scythes Anacharsis potuit pro nihilo pecuniam ducere, nostrates philosophi non potuerunt?
Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 89 sq.:An vero P. Scipio T. Gracchum privatus interfecit, Catilinam vero nos consules perferemus?
id. Cat. 1, 1; so id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 14, 5, 12 Muret.; id. Fin. 1, 2, 5, ubi v. Madv.—It sometimes introduces a question suggested by the words of another: He. Mane. Non dum audisti, Demea, Quod est gravissimum? De. An quid est etiam anplius? Is there then etc., Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 21:sed ad haec, nisi molestum est, habeo quae velim. An me, inquam, nisi te audire vellem censes haec dicturum fuisse?
Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 28; 2, 22, 74; id. Tusc. 5, 26, 73; 5, 12, 35; id. Brut. 184; id. Fat. 2, 4; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 28.—It sometimes anticipates an answer to something going before: At vero si ad vitem sensus accesserit, ut appetitum quendam habeat et per se ipsa moveatur, quid facturam putas? An ea, quae per vinitorem antea consequebatur, per se ipsa curabit? shall we not say that, must we not think that etc., Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 38, ubi v. Madv.—An non. and in one word, annon (in direct questions more freq. than necne):F.isne est quem quaero an non?
Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 12:Hocine agis an non?
id. And. 1, 2, 15:Tibi ego dico an non?
id. ib. 4, 4, 23:utrum sit an non voltis?
Plaut. Am. prol. 56:utrum cetera nomina in codicem accepti et expensi digesta habes annon?
Cic. Rosc. Com. 3 al. —Also in indirect questions = necne, q. v.:abi, vise redieritne jam an non dum domum,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 4, 5:videbo utrum clamorem opere conpleverint, an non est ita,
Vulg. Gen. 18, 21; 24, 21.—An ne, usually written anne, pleon. for an.a.In direct questions:b.anne tu dicis quā ex causā vindicaveris?
Cic. Mur. 26. —In indirect questions:II.nec. aequom anne iniquom imperet, cogitabit,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 19; id. Ps. 1, 1, 122:percontarier, Utrum aurum reddat anne eat secum simul,
id. Bacch. 4, 1, 4:Nam quid ego de consulato loquar, parto vis, anue gesto?
Cic. Pis. 1, 3:cum interrogetur, tria pauca sint anne multa,
id. Ac. 2, 29:Gabinio dicam anne Pompeio, an utrique,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 57; so id. Or. 61, 206:Quid enim interest, divitias, opes, valetudinem bona dicas anne praeposita, cum etc.,
id. Fin. 4, 9, 23 Madv.; August. ap. Suet. Aug. 69 al. (for the omission of the second disjunctive clause or the particle necne representing it, v. utrum;instances of this usage in eccl. Lat. are,
Vulg. Lev. 13, 36; 14, 36; ib. Num. 11, 23 al.).—In disjunctive clauses that express doubt, or.A.Utrum stultitiā facere ego hunc an malitiā Dicam, scientem an imprudentem, incertus sum. Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 54:B.ut nescias, utrum res oratione an verba sententiis illustrentur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56:honestumne factu sit an turpe, dubitant,
id. Off. 1, 3, 9:nescio, gratulerne tibi an timeam,
id. Fam. 2, 5; Caes. B. G. 7, 5:pecuniae an famae minus parceret, haud facile discerneres,
Sall. C. 25, 3; so id. ib. 52, 10; Suet. Aug. 19; id. Tib. 10; id. Claud. 15:cognoscet de doctrinā, utrum ex Deo sit an ego a me ipso loquar,
Vulg. Joan. 7, 17; ib. Eccl. 2, 19 al.—An sometimes denotes uncertainty by itself, without a verb of doubting (dubito, dubium or incertum est, etc., vet in such cases the editors are divided between an and aut; cf. Mos. and Orell. ad Cic. Rep. 1, 12): verene hoc memoriae proditum est [p. 115] regem istum Numam Pythagorae ipsius discipulum, an certe Pythagoreum fuisse? Cic. Rep. 2, 15, where B. and K. read aut certe: Cn. Octavius est an Cn. Cornelius quidam tuus familiaris, summo genere natus, terrae filius;C.is etc.,
id. Fam. 7, 9 B. and K.:Themistocles quidem, cum ei Simonides an quis alius artem memoriae polliceretur, Oblivionis, inquit, mallem,
Simonides or some other person, id. Fin. 2, 32, 104; id. Fam. 7, 9, 3; id. Att. 1, 3, 2; 2, 7, 3; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 104.—It often stands for sive (so esp. in and after the Aug. per.):D.quod sit an non, nihil commovet analogiam,
whether this be so or not, Varr. L. L. 9, § 105 Müll.; Att. ap. Prisc. p. 677 P.; Ov. R. Am. 797:saucius an sanus, numquid tua signa reliqui,
id. F. 4, 7:Illa mihi referet, si nostri mutua curast, An minor, an toto pectore deciderim,
Tib. 3, 1, 20; Tac. A. 11, 26:sive nullam opem praevidebat inermis atque exul, seu taedio ambiguae spei an amore conjugis et liberorum,
id. ib. 14, 59.—The first disjunctive clause is freq. to be supplied from the gen. idea or an may stand for utrum—necne (cf. supra, I. D.):E.qui scis, an, quae jubeam, sine vi faciat? (vine coactus is to be supplied),
how knowest thou whether or not he will do it without compulsion? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 20:An dolo malo factum sit, ambigitur,
Cic. Tull. 23:quaesivi an misisset (periplasmata),
id. Verr. 4, 27:Vide an facile fieri tu potueris, cum etc.,
id. Fragm. B. 13, 2, 1:praebete aurem et videte an mentiar,
Vulg. Job, 6, 28: de L. Bruto fortasse dubitaverim an propter infinitum odium tyranni effrenatius in Aruntem invaserit, I might doubt whether or not, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 22, 50; id. Verr. 3, 76:Quis scit an adiciant hodiernae crastina summae Tempora di superi?
Hor. C. 4, 7, 17; Plin. Ep. 6, 21, 3; Quint. 2, 17, 38:Sine videamus an veniat Elias,
Vulg. Matt. 27, 49:tria sine dubio rursus spectanda sunt, an sit, quid sit, quale sit,
Quint. 5, 10, 53:dubium an quaesitā morte,
Tac. A. 1, 5; 6, 50; 4, 74:Multitudo an vindicatura Bessum fuerit, incertum est,
Curt. 7, 5:diu Lacedaemonii, an eum summae rei praeponerent, deliberaverunt,
Just. 6, 2, 4 et saep.—Since in such distrib. sentences expressive of doubt, the opinion of the speaker or the probability usually inclines to the second, i. e. to the clause beginning with an, the expressions haud scio an, nescio an, dubito an (the latter through all pers. and tenses), incline to an affirmative signification, I almost know, I am inclined to think, I almost think, I might say, I might assert that, etc., for perhaps, probably (hence the opinion is incorrect that an, in this situation, stands for an non; for by an non a negation of the objective clause is expressed, e. g. nescio an non beatus sit, I am almost of the opinion that he is not happy, v. infra, and cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 1, Exc. XI. p. 335 sq.; Cic. uses haud scio an eleven times in his Orations;F.nescio an, four times): atque haud scio an, quae dixit sint vera omnia,
Ter. And. 3, 2, 45:crudele gladiatorum spectaculum et inhumanum non nullis videri solet: et haud scio an ita sit, ut nunc fit,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 41; id. Fl. 26:testem non mediocrem, sed haud scio an gravissimum,
perhaps, id. Off. 3, 29:constantiam dico? nescio an melius patientiam possim dicere,
id. Lig. 9; id. Fam. 9, 19:ingens eo die res, ac nescio an maxima illo bello gesta sit,
Liv. 23, 16; Quint. 12, 11, 7 al.:si per se virtus sine fortunā ponderanda sit, dubito an Thrasybulum primum omuium ponam,
I am not certain whether I should not prefer Thrasybulus to all others, Nep. Thras. 1 Dähne:dicitur acinace stricto Darius dubitāsse an fugae dedecus honestā morte vitaret,
i. e. was almost resolved upon, Curt. 4, 5, 30:ego dubito an id improprium potius appellem,
Quint. 1, 5, 46; Gell. 1, 3 al.—Hence, a neg. objective clause must contain in this connection the words non, nemo, nullus, nihil, numquam, nusquam, etc.:dubitet an turpe non sit,
he is inclined to believe that it is not bad, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:haud scio an ne opus quidem sit, nihil umquam deesse amicis,
id. Am. 14, 51:eloquentiā quidem nescio an habuisset parem neminem,
id. Brut. 33: quod cum omnibus est faciendum tum haud scio an nemini potius quam tibi, to no one perhaps more, id. Off. 3, 2, 6:meā sententiā haud scio an nulla beatior esse possit,
id. Sen. 16; id. Leg. 1, 21:non saepe atque haud scio an numquam,
id. Or. 2, 7 al. —Sometimes the distributive clause beginning with an designates directly the opposite, the more improbable, the negative; in which case nescio an, haud scio an, etc., like the Engl. I know not whether, signify I think that not, I believe that not, etc.; hence, in the object. clause, aliquis, quisquam, ullus, etc., must stand instead of nemo, nullus, etc. (so for the most part only after Cic.): an profecturus sim, nescio, I know not (i. e. I doubt, I am not confident) whether I shall effect any thing, Sen. Ep. 25:2.opus nescio an superabile, magnum certe tractemus,
id. Q. N. 3, praef. 4; Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 6: haud scio an vivere nobis liceret, I know not whether we, etc., Cic. Har. Resp. 11, 22: doleo enim maximam feminam eripi oculis civitatis, nescio an aliquid simile visuris, for I know not whether they will ever see any thing of this kind, Plin. Ep. 7, 19; Val. Max. 5, 2, 9:nescio an ullum tempus jucundius exegerim,
I do not know whether I have ever passed time more pleasantly, id. 3, 1:namque huic uni contigit, quod nescio an ulli,
Nep. Timol. 1, 1; Sen. Contr. 3 praef.; Quint. 9, 4, 1:nostri quoque soloecum, soloecismum nescio an umquam dixerint,
Gell. 5, 20 al. Cf. upon this word Hand, Turs. I. pp. 296-361, and Beier, Exc. ad Cic. Am. pp. 202-238.an-, v. ambi.3.- ăn. This word appears in forsan, forsitan, and fortasse an (Att. Trag. Rel. p. 151 Rib.) or fortassan, seeming to enhance the idea of uncertainty and doubt belonging to fors, etc., and is regarded by some as the Greek conditional particle an, and indeed one of these compounds, forsitan, sometimes in the Vulgate, translates an; as, Joan. 4, 10; 5, 46; 8, 19; and in 3, Joan. 9, it still represents the various reading, an. -
15 dum
dum, conj. [for dium, acc. from dius; cf. diu, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 856], denotes the temporal relation of two actions to cach other,I.As contemporaneous, or,II.As in immediate succession, so that with the commencement of one action the other ceases.I.As contemporaneous.A. 1.In gen., construed with the indicative, except in oratio obliqua, where the subjunctive was sometimes used. In Aug. poets and late prose the subjunctive often stands in oratio directa, v. the following).(α).Indic. praes.:(β).dum cum hac usuraria Uxore mihi nunc morigero, haec curata sint Fac sis,
Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 25; so id. Aul. 4, 2, 14; id. Bacch. 4, 7, 19; Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 11; Cic. Clu. 32 fin.; Verg. E. 3, 75; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 190 et saep.— In the praes. histor.:dum haec loquimur, interea loci ad macellum ubi advenimus, etc.,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 5, 9, 18; Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15; id. Div. in Caec. 17, 56:dum haec geruntur, Caesari nuntiatum est, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 1; cf.these forms of transition,
id. ib. 3, 17, 1; 4, 32, 1; 4, 34, 3; 5, 22, 1; 6, 7, 1; 7, 57, 1; id. B. C. 1, 56, 1; 2, 1, 1 et saep. dum ea conquiruntur et conferuntur, nocte intermissa circiter hominum milia VI ad Rhenum contenderunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 27, 4; cf. id. B. C. 1, 37, 1; id. ib. 1, 36, 1; Liv. 21, 7, 1; Verg. G. 4, 559.—In the imperf.:dum haec in Appulia gerebantur, Samnites... urbem non tenuerunt,
Liv. 10, 36 fin.; 21, 53; 41, 14; Nep. Hann. 2, 4; Tac. Agr. 41; cf.:dum is in aliis rebus erat occupatus,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 32, 91 —In the fut.; nunc animum advortite Dum argumentum hujus eloquar comoediae, Plaut. Am. prol. 96.—In the perf.:dum Cyri et Alexandri similis esse voluit, Crassorum inventus est dissimillimus,
Cic. Brut. 81, 292; so id. Mur. 27, 55; id. Fin. 2, 13; id. Phil. 14, 12, 33; id. Att. 1, 16, 2; Nep. Reg. 2, 2 al.—In the pluperf.:dum in unam partem oculos animosque hostium certamen averterat, pluribus locis scalis capitur murus,
Liv. 32, 24.—In the fut. perf.:bellum ingens geret Italia... Tertia dum Latio regnantem viderit aestas,
Verg. A. 1, 265.—Prov.:dum loqueris,
i. e. this instant, Petr. 99.—In the oratio obliqua: dic, hospes, Spartae, nos te hic vidisse jacentes, Dum sanctis patriae legibus obsequimur, Poëta ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 101; Liv. 2, 57; 26, 16; Tac. A. 15, 59; id. H. 1, 33; Ov. M. 4, 776 et saep.—Subj. In oratio obliqua:b.dixisti, dum Planci in me meritum verbis extollerem, me arcem facere e cloaca,
Cic. Planc. 40; so id. de Or. 1, 41 fin.; id. Mur. 24; id. Att. 5, 17, 3; Sall. C. 7, 6; Tac. H. 4, 17 fin. al.—In oratio recta:o quotiens ausae, caneret dum valle sub alta, Rumpere mugitu carmina docta boves,
Tib. 2, 3, 19:dum intentus in eum se rex totus averteret, etc.,
Liv. 1, 40, 7:dum ea in Samnio gererentur,
id. 10, 18, 1; Ov. Pont. 3, 3, 2; Verg. G. 4, 457; Mart. 1, 22, 1; Hirt. B. Hisp. 23; Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 35; id. Caes. 39; Hyg. Fab. 12 al.—When the principal action is an immediate and sudden sequence of that described in [p. 618] the clause with dum, subito or repente is often used in the principal clause:c.dum tempus teritur, repente milites, etc.,
Liv. 29, 9, 5: dum advenientes filia interrogat, repente in osculis, etc. Suet. Aug. 99:dum Appium orno, subito sum factus accusatoris ejus socer,
Cic. Att. 6, 6, 1; Hirt. B. Afr. 61.—When the actions are simply presented as contemporaneous, interea, jam or interea jam is often used in the principal clause:2.dum haec mecum reputo, accersitur lavatum interea virgo,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 44; Cic. Quint. 6, 28:dum ea Romani parant, jam Saguntum oppugnabatur,
Liv. 21, 7, 1; cf.also: dum... interim,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 8; id. Men. 1, 3, 31; Liv. 21, 47, 7 al.—Esp., of duration in the present, now, yet.a.In combination with etiam primum, and esp. freq. with the negations non, nec, ne, haud, nihil, nullus, nemo, v. h vv.—b.Colloq., as an enclitic with imperatives and interjections (by some separately written ades dum, abi dum, etc, but v. Ritschl, Opusc Phil p. 567 sq.), orig, acc of time, a moment, a second, a little Sosia adesdum, paucis te volo, Ter. And 1, 1, 2 abidum, id. Heaut. 2, 3, 8 circumspicedum, Plaut Trin. 1, 2, 109:B.dicdum,
Ter. Hec 5, 3, 5 facitodum, id. Heaut 3, 2, 39 iteradum, Poëta ap. Cic. Att. 14, 14 jubedum, Plaut. Rud. 3, 5, 7:manedum,
id. Bacch. 4, 6, 24; Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 4:memoradum,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 103:tacedum,
id. Men. 2, 2, 73:tangedum,
id. Rud. 3, 5, 5 al.:agedum (most freq.),
id. Am. 2, 2, 151; 5, 1, 29; id. As. 4, 1, 1; 5, 1, 1 et saep. (for which, agidum, id. Trin. 2, 2, 89 Ritschl ad loc.); Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 27; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 69; id. Hec. 3, 1, 35; id. Phorm. 5, 3, 1; Cic. Sull. 26; Liv. 7, 9; 9, 16 al.; Cat. 63, 78; Stat. Th. 7, 126 al.:agitedum,
Liv. 3, 62 Drak.; 5, 52; 7, 34 fin.:cedodum,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 15:ehodum,
id. And. 1, 2, 13; 2, 1, 24; 3, 5, 10; id. Eun. 2, 3, 68; also in Plaut. in enumerations: primumdum (= Gr. prôton men), Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 26; id. Most. 2, 1, 53; id. Trin. 1, 2, 61 al.—With respect to the temporal limit of both actions, i. q. tamdiu quam or usque eo, as long as, while.1.Lit. (with indic. when the duration of the action in the principal clause is alone implied, except in the oratio obliqua).—In praes.: bene factum a vobis, dum vivitis, non abscedet, Cato ap. Gell. 16, 1 fin.; so Cic. Lael. 4, 14; id. de Sen. 23, 86; id. Fin. 3, 2, 9; Caes. B. G. 7, 50 fin. al.—In fut.: quid illos opinamini animi habuisse atque habituros, dum vivent? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 13, 17; Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; Cic. Rosc. Am. 32 fin.; id. Leg. 1, 1, 2; Verg. A. 1, 607 sq. et saep.—(β).Subj., often, when the clause with dum expresses a desired end, or refers to an indefinite future:b.non tibi venit in mentem, Si, dum vivas, tibi bene facias, etc.,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 76:pars, dum vires suppeterent, eruptionem censebant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 77, 2:ut sua sponte, dum sine periculo liceret, excederet Gadibus,
id. B. C. 2, 20, 3:hoc unum esse tempus de pace agendi, dum sibi uterque confideret ut pares ambo viderentur,
id. ib. 3, 10, 7:de quo (sc. animo) dum disputarem, tuam mihi dari vellem, Cotta, eloquentiam,
Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 147 Bait. (v. Roby, Gram. 2, 284 sq.). —With tamdiu, tantum, tantummodo, tantisper, usque; or opp. postea, postquam, deinde, ubi, nunc, etc.—With tamdiu, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3; id. Cat. 3, 7; id. de Sen. 12, 41; id. Tusc. 5, 33 fin.; id. Att. 9, 6, 5 al.—With tantum, Liv. 27, 42.—With tantummodo, Sall. J. 53, 3.—With tantisper, Plaut. Truc. prol. 11; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 44; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 54.—With usque, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 5: dum... postea, id. Mur. 12, 26—dum... postea quam, Caes. B. G. 7, 82, 1; Cic. Rosc. Am. 43 fin. —dum... postquam, Sall. J. 53, 3; Liv. 21, 13; cf. Ter. And. 1, 1, 27—dum... deinde, Cic. Att. 9, 6, 5; Liv. 27, 42, 13—dum... sed ubi, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 37; Caes. B. C. 1, 51, 5—dum... nunc, Ter. And. 1, 2, 17; Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 11.—For tamdiu... dum, less freq. dum... dum, as long as... so long:c.sic virgo dum intacta manet, dum cara suis,
Cat. 62, 45 and 56; cf. Quint. 9, 3, 16:dum habeat, dum amet,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 23 (al. tum).—In Plautus repeatedly with an emphatic quidem, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 57; 5, 2, 20; id. Bacch. 2, 2, 48; id. Merc. 2, 3, 53; id. Ps. 1, 5, 92.—2.Transf.a.In conditional relations as a restrictive particle, like quatenus and duntaxat, so long as, if so be that, provided that, if only (so regularly connected with the subjunctive;(β).freq. in prose and poetry): dum pereas, nihil interduo aiant vivere,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 36: Ly. Concede, inspiciam quid sit scriptum. Cu. Maxime, Tuo arbitratu, dum auferam abs te id quod peto, id. Curc. 3, 58; cf.:dum res maneant, verba fingant arbitratu suo,
Cic. Fin. 5, 29 fin.: oderint, dum metuant, Att. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 28, 97:licet lascivire, dum nihil metuas,
Cic. Rep. 1, 40 et saep.; in the imperf.:qui sese in cruciatum dari cuperet, dum de patris morte quaereretur,
id. Rosc. Am. 41, 119; Sall. C. 40, 4; id. J. 68, 3; Quint. 10, 1, 33: An. Non pudet vanitatis? Do. Minime, dum ob rem, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 41;so without a verb,
Cic. Fam. 7, 9; id. Ac. 2, 32, 104; Quint. 4, 1, 70; 9, 4, 58; 10, 3, 5; cf.:dum eatenus,
id. 1, 11, 1.—With an emphatic modo, and often in one word, dummodo:(γ).aeque istuc facio dummodo Eam des, quae sit quaestuosa, etc.,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 189; id. Aul. 2, 2, 62; id. Mil. 2, 2, 98; Cic. Rep. 3, 3; id. Off. 3, 21; id. Cat. 1, 5; 9; Prop. 3, 17, 17 (4, 16, 17 M.); Ov. F. 5, 242 al.; cf.:sin autem jejunitatem... dummodo sit polita, dum urbana, dum elegans, in Attico genere ponit, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 82, 285:dummodo sit dives, barbarus ille placet,
Ov. A. A. 2, 276.—Separated by other words:mea nil refert, dum patiar modo,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 28:certumst pati, dum illum modo habeam mecum,
id. Heaut. 3, 1, 57; Val. Fl. 5, 265.—With tamen, and, in Plautus (cf. above, 1. c.), with quidem.—With tamen, Cic. de Or. 2, 77, 314; Cels. 3, 4; Quint. 1, 1, 11; 2, 12, 7; 8 prooem. § 32; Dig. 39, 22, 4.—With quidem, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 20; id. Aul. 2, 2, 34; cf. the foll. number.—(δ).In negative conditional clauses, with ne, so long as not, provided that not, if only not:b.VTEI. SENATVS. NOSTER. DECERNERET. DVM. NE. MINVS. SENATORIBVS. C. ADESENT., S. C. de Bac. (thrice): id faciat saepe, dum ne lassus fiat,
Cato, R. R. 5, 4; Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 137; cf. id. Bacch. 4, 8, 26; id. Curc. 1, 1, 36; Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 12; Cic. Att. 6, 1, 4; 8, 11, B fin.; Liv. 3, 21 Drak.; 28, 40; Ov. H. 3, 81.—So too, dummodo ne, Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 185; id. Fam. 10, 25, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 7; id. Att. 12, 45 al.:dum quidem ne,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 89.—With a causal accessory notion, until, long enough for, etc (very rare, only with subjunctive) obsidio deinde per paucos dies magis quam oppugnatio fuit, dum vulnus ducis curaretur, Liv 21, 8; cf. id. 24, 40; Suet Aug. 78 fin. nam se quoque moveri finget, dum aditum sibi ad aures faciat, Quint. 4, 1, 46.II.In immediate suceession, until, until that (with the subjunctive or the indicative, as the idea of aim or simply of time predominates; cf.(α).e.g.: quid dicam, quantus amor bestiarum sit in educandis custodiendisque iis, quae procreaverunt, usque ad eum finem, dum possint se ipsa defendere?
Cic. N. D. 2, 51 fin.:ea mansit in condicione atque pacto usque ad eum finem, dum judices rejecti sunt,
id. Verr. 1, 6, 16; cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 32; id. Eun. 1, 2, 126; Liv. 4, 21 fin.; 27, 42. Cicero generally, Caesar always employs the subjunctive).Subj.:(β).is dum veniat, sedens ibi opperibere,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 14; cf.:paulisper mane, dum edormiscat unum somnum,
id. Am. 2, 2, 64; cf. also Cic. Att. 7, 1, 4;so with exspectare,
id. Lael. 13; Caes. B. G. 1, 11 fin.; 4, 13, 2; Liv. 3, 11 fin.: Tac. Or. 19 fin.; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 42; Luc. 5, 303 et saep.;with morari,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 28; Liv. 4, 21 fin.; 22, 38 al.; cf. infra, b:sic deinceps omne opus contexitur, dum justa muri altitudo expleatur,
Caes. B. G. 7, 23, 4; id. B. C. 1, 58, 4; cf.:multa quoque et bello passus, dum conderet urbem Inferretque deos Latio,
Verg. A. 1, 5:ut spatium intercedere posset, dum milites convenirent, legatis respondit, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 7 fin.: Caesar ex eo tempore, dum ad flumen Varum veniatur, se frumentum daturum pollicetur, from that time until, etc., id. B. C. 1, 87, 1:differant in tempus aliud, dum defervescat ira,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 36, 78 (cf. ib.:dum se ipsi colligant): quippe qui moram temporis quaererent, dum Hannibal in Africam traiceret,
Liv. 30, 16 fin. et saep.—Indic.:tu hic nos, dum eximus, interea opperibere,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 5;so with opperiri,
Cic. Att. 10, 3;with manere aliquem,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 28;with exspectare,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 126;with morari,
Liv. 27, 42; cf.:causas innecte morandi, Dum pelago desaevit hiems,
Verg. A. 4, 52:retine, dum ego huc servos evoco,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 89; cf.:Tityre, dum redeo, pasce capellas,
Verg. E. 9, 23: struppis, quibus lectica deligata erat, usque adeo verberari jussit, dum animam efflavit, Gracch. ap. Gell. 10, 3, 5; cf. in the perf., Prop. 1, 3, 45; in the fut., id. 1, 14, 14. See Hand, Turs. II. pp. 303-330. -
16 sīc
sīc adv. [for the old sīce; sī (locat. of pron. stem sa-)+ce].—Referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, thus, in this way, as I do, as you see (colloq.): Cape hoc flabellum, ventulum huic sic facito, T.—In curses or threats: Sic dabo, thus will I treat (every foe), T.: sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem, so let every woman fare who, etc., L.—Referring to what precedes, so, thus, in this manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise: in angulum Aliquo abeam; sic agam, T.: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei p. evertit, in the way described: sic deinceps omne opus contexitur, Cs.: sic regii constiterant, L.—With a part. or adj.: sic igitur instructus veniet ad causas: cum sic adfectos dimisisset, L.—Parenthet., thus, so: commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur: Crevit in inmensum (sic di statuistis), O.— Instead of a pron dem., thus, this: iis litteris respondebo; sic enim postulas (i. e. hoc postulas): hic adsiste; sic volo (i. e. hoc te facere volo), T.: sic fata iubent (i. e. hoc facere iubent), O.—As subject (representing an inf.): Sic commodius esse arbitror quam Manere hanc (i. e. abire), T.: Sic opus est (i. e. hoc facere), O.—In place of a clause of action, thus: sic provolant duo Fabii (i. e. sic loquentes), L.: sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (i. e. ut sic agerem): sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (i. e. ut sic agam): Sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere), T.: quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (i. e. hoc facere), O.—Of nature or character, such: sic vita hominum est (i. e. talis): familiaris noster—sic est enim: sic, Crito, est hic, T.: Sic est (i. e. sic res se habet), that is so, T.: Laelius sapiens—sic enim est habitus: Sic ad me miserande redis! in this condition, O.—Of consequence, so, thus, under these circumstances, accordingly, hence: sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur, L.—Of condition, so, thus only, on this condition, if this be done: reliquas illius anni pestīs recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.— Of degree, so, to such a degree, in such wise: non latuit scintilla ingeni; sic erat in omni sermone sollers (i. e. tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium).—Referring to what follows, thus, as follows, in the following manner: sic enim dixisti; vidi ego tuam lacrimulam: res autem se sic habet; composite et apte dicere, etc., the truth is this: placido sic pectore coepit, V.—Ellipt.: ego sic; diem statuo, etc. (sc. ego), for instance: mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic; stultitia est inmensa gloriae cupiditas.—As correlative, with a clause of comparison, thus, so, just so, in the same way: ut non omnem arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vitā nascitur: de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo: fervidi animi vir, ut in publico periculo, sic in suo, L.: mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, in the same way as, i. e. no more than: quem ad modum tibicen... sic orator: tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit: sicut priore anno... sic tum, L.: velut ipse in re trepidā se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse, L.: tamquam litteris in cerā, sic se aiebat imaginibus perscribere: huius innocentiae sic in hac famā, quasi in aliquā flammā subvenire: ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... Sic Martem indomitum Cernimus, V.—With acc. and inf: sic te opinor dixisse, invenisse, etc., T.: sic igitur sentio, naturam ad dicendum vim adferre maximam: ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere.—Hence the phrase, sic habeto, be sure of this: sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.—With a clause of contrast, ut... sic, while... yet, though... still: ut ad bella suscipienda promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens est, Cs.: Ut cognoscit formam, Sic facit incertam color, O.: ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit, L.: (forma erat) Ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis, O.: ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes: utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses: ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus: quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate.—With a clause of manner, sic... ut, so... that, in such a way that, so that: armorum magnā multitudine iactā... sic ut acervi, etc., Cs.: sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis.—With a clause of degree, to such a degree, so, so far: sic animos timor praeoccupaverat, ut dicerent, etc., Cs.: sic adficior, ut Catonem, non me loqui existimem: cuius responso iudices sic exarserunt ut hominem condemnarent.—With a clause of purpose or result, so, with this intent, with this result: ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret.—With a restrictive clause, but so, yet so, only so: sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur, etc.—With a conditional clause, with the proviso that, but only, if: decreverunt ut cum populus regem iussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fierent, should be valid, if the Senate should ratify it, L.—In a wish or prayer corresp. to an imperative (poet.), then, if so: Pone, precor, fastūs... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, etc., O.: Sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (i. e. si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.), V.: Sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in undā Credulus... Dic ubi sit, O.—With ut in strong asseveration: Sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum, i. e. by the love of the gods, I pity, etc., T.: sic has deus aequoris artīs Adiuvet, ut nemo iam dudum littore in isto constitit, O.—Of circumstance, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was: sic vero, but as things now stand: At sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias, T.: non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt), naked, as they are: Mirabar hoc si sic abiret, i. e. without trouble, T.—In a concession, even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it: sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis, i. e. in spite of all this, O.: sed sic me et liberalitatis fructu privas et diligentiae.—Ellipt.: Quid si hoc nunc sic incipiam? nihil est. quid, sic? tantumdem egero. At sic opinor. non potest, thus, i. e. as occurs to me, T.: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, i. e. or otherwise.—In an answer, yes (colloq.): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, T.: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, T.* * *thus, so; as follows; in another way; in such a way -
17 adhuc
ăd-huc, adv.I.Prop., of place, to this place, hitherto, thus far (designating the limit, inclusive of the whole space traversed: hence often joined with usque; cf.II.ad, A. 1. B.): conveniunt adhuc utriusque verba,
thus far, to this point, the statements of both agree, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 20:adhuc ea dixi, causa cur Zenoni non fuisset,
Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 44; cf. Auct. Her. 1, 9, 16:his oris, quas angulo Baeticae adhuc usque perstrinximus,
Mel. 3, 6, 1.—Hence, in the desig. of measure or degree, so far, to such a degree:et ipse Caesar erat adhuc impudens, qui exercitum et provinciam invito senatu teneret,
Cic. Fam. 16, 11, 4; so Liv. 21, 18, 4; Quint. 2, 19, 2; 8, 5, 20.—More frequently,Transf.A.Of time, until now, hitherto, as yet (designating the limit, together with the period already passed; cf.B.ad, 1. B.): res adhuc quidem hercle in tuto est,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 48:celabitur itidem ut celata adhuc est,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 20:sicut adhuc fecerunt, speculabuntur,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 6:ille vidit non modo, quot fuissent adhuc philosophorum de summo bono, sed quot omnino esse possent sententiae,
id. Fin. 5, 6, 16:haec adhuc (sc. acta sunt): sed ad praeterita revertamur,
id. Att. 5, 20; so ib. 3, 14 fin.; 5, 17, 46; id. Agr. 3, 1, 1:Britanni, qui adhuc pugnae expertes,
Tac. Agr. 37; so Curt. 7, 7, 8 al.—With usque or semper:usque adhuc actum est probe,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 107; so id. Ps. 4, 7, 14; Ter. And. 1, 5, 27; id. Ad. 4, 4, 23; 5, 4, 5; id. Hec. 4, 1, 29; Cic. Rep. 2, 20:quod adhuc semper tacui et tacendum putavi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 119.—With dum in subordinate propositions, for the purpose of more accurate desig. of time:quae adhuc te carens, dum hic fui, sustentabam,
what I have endured during the whole time that I have been here, until now, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 4:adhuc dum mihi nullo loco deesse vis, numquam te confirmare potuisti,
Cic. Fam. 16, 4; so ib. 18.—Hence the adverbial expression (occurring once in Plautus): adhuc locorum, until now, hitherto: ut adhuc locorum feci, faciam sedulo, Capt. 2, 3, 25.— Adhuc denotes not merely a limitation of time in the present, but also, though more rarely, like usque eo and ad id tempus, and the Engl. as yet, in the past:adhuc haec erant, ad reliqua alacri tendebamus animo,
Cic. Div. 2, 2, 4:Abraham vero adhuc stabat,
Vulg. Gen. 18, 22:unam adhuc a te epistulam acceperam,
Cic. Att. 7, 2:cum adhuc sustinuisset multos dies,
Vulg. Act. 18, 18:scripsi etiam illud quodam in libello... disertos me cognōsse nonnullos, eloquentem adhuc neminem,
id. de Or. 1, 21:una adhuc victoria Carus Metius censebatur,
Tac. Agr. 45.—Adhuc non, or neque adhuc, not as yet, not to this time: nihil adhuc, nothing as yet, or not at all as yet: numquam adhuc, never as yet, never yet:C.cupidissimi veniendi maximis injuriis affecti, adhuc non venerunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 27, 65:me adhuc non legisse turpe utrique nostrum est,
id. Fam. 7, 24, 7; so id. 3, 8, 25; 6, 14; 14, 6, 2; Mart. 7, 89, 10:cui neque fulgor adhuc nec dum sua forma recessit,
Verg. A. 11, 70:nihil adhuc peccavit etiam,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 78:nihil adhuc est, quod vereare,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 1:sed quod quaeris, quando, qua, quo, nihil adhuc scimus,
Cic. Fam. 9, 7, 4; so 9, 17, 7; Caes. B. C. 3, 57; Nep. Milt. 5:numquam etiam quicquam adhuc verborum est prolocutus perperam,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 92; cf. id. Capt. 5, 2, 7.—For etiam nunc, yet, still; to denote continuance (apparently not used by Cic.):D.stertis adhuc?
are you still snoring? Pers. 3, 58;adhuc tranquilla res est,
it is still quiet, Ter. Ph. 3, 1, 15; so id. Ad. 1, 2, 42:Ephesi regem est consecutus fluctuantem adhuc animo,
Liv. 33, 49, 7; so 21, 43, 14; Tac. A. 1, 8, 17; id. H. 2, 44, 73; 4, 17; id. Germ. 28; Suet. Aug. 56, 69; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 1; Curt. 8, 6, 18: quinque satis fuerant; nam sex septemve libelli est nimium: quid adhuc ludere, Musa, juvat? why play still, still more, or further? Mart. 8, 3; so id. 4, 91.—Hence also to denote that a thing is still remaining or existing:E.at in veterum comicorum adhuc libris invenio,
I yet find in the old comic poets, Quint. 1, 7, 22:quippe tres adhuc legiones erant,
were still left, Tac. H. 3, 9; so id. G. 34; id. Ann. 2, 26; Mart. 7, 44, 1.—With vb. omitted:si quis adhuc precibus locus, exue mentem,
Verg. A. 4, 319.—To denote that a thing has only reached a certain point, now first, just now: cum adhuc ( now for the first time) naso odos obsecutus es meo, da vicissim meo gutturi gaudium, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 9:F.gangraenam vero, si nondum plane tenet, sed adhuc incipit, curare non difficillimum est,
Cels. 5, 26, 34; so Mart. 13, 102.—Hence, with deinde or aliquando following:quam concedis adhuc artem omnino non esse, sed aliquando,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 246:senatus priusquam edicto convocaretur ad curiam concurrit, obseratisque adhuc foribus, deinde apertis, tantas mortuo gratias agit, etc.,
Suet. Tit. 11; so Tac. A. 11, 23.—To denote that a thing had reached a certain limit before another thing happened (in prose only after Livy), still, yet, while yet:G.inconditam multitudinem adhuc disjecit,
he dispersed the multitude while yet unarranged, Tac. A. 3, 42.—For etiam, insuper, praeterea, to denote that a thing occurs beside or along with another (belonging perhaps only to popular language, hence once in Plaut., and to the post-Aug. per.), besides, further, moreover:H.addam minam adhuc istic postea,
Plaut. Truc. 5, 18:unam rem adhuc adiciam,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 8:sunt adhuc aliquae non omittendae in auro differentiae,
Plin. 33, 2, 10, § 37; so Quint. 2, 21, 6; 9, 4, 34; Val. Fl. 8, 429; Tac. A. 1, 17; id. Agr. 29; ib. 33; Flor. 1, 13, 17; Vulg. Amos, 4, 7; ib. Joan. 16, 12; ib. Heb. 11, 32.—In later Lat. adhuc is used like etiam in the Cic. per., = eti, yet, still, for the sake of emphasis in comparisons; then, if it cnhances the comparative, it stands before it; but follows it, if that which the comp. expresses is added by way of augmentation; as, he has done a still greater thing, and he has still done a greater thing (this is the view of Hand, Turs. I. p. 166):I. a.tum Callicles adhuc concitatior,
Quint. 2, 15, 28:adhuc difficilior observatio est per tenores,
id. 1, 5, 22:si marmor illi (Phidiae), si adhuc viliorem materiem obtulisses, fecisset, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 85, 34:adhuc diligentius,
Plin. 18, 4: cui gloriae amplior [p. 36] adhuc ex opportunitate cumulus accessit, Suet. Tib. 17:Di faveant, majora adhuc restant,
Curt. 9, 6, 23; so Quint. 10, 1, 99; Tac. G. 19; Suet. Ner. 10.Ita res successit meliusque adhuc, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 18:b.Tellurem Nymphasque et adhuc ignota precatur flumina,
Verg. A. 7, 137:Nil parvum sapias et adhuc sublimia cures,
Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 15; so ib. 2, 2, 114; Liv. 22, 49, 10; Sen. Ep. 49, 4.—Absol.:gens non astuta nec callida aperit adhuc secreta pectoris licentiā joci,
Tac. G. 22:cetera similes Batavis, nisi quod ipso adhuc terrae suae solo et caelo acrius animantur,
ib. 29, 3 (cf.: ipse adeo under adeo, II., and at the end); so Stat. S. 1, 2, 55.—See more upon this word, Hand, Turs. I. pp. 156-167. -
18 video
vĭdĕo, vīdi, vīsum, 2 (viden', i.e. videsne, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 37; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 10; 2, 2, 34; 4, 6, 16; Cat. 61, 98; Tib. 2, 2, 17; Verg. A. 6, 779; inf. viderier, Cic. Dom. 53, 136; Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 33:I.vidĕ,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 46), v. a. and n. [Sanscr. root vid-, vēda, know; vindāmi, find; cf. vēda-s, sacred book; Gr. root id, Wid-, in eidon, saw; oida, know; Germ. wissen; Engl. wit, wot], to see, perceive, with the eyes (syn. cerno).Lit.A.In gen.: Ph. Tun' me vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis. Ph. Carebis, credo, Qui plus vident, quam quod vident. Sc. Numquam hercle deterrebor, Quin viderim id quod viderim, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 15 sq.:2.clare oculis video,
id. ib. 3, 1, 35:nos enim ne nunc quidem oculis cernimus ea, quae videmus, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; id. de Or. 3, 40, 161:Considium, quod non vidisset, pro viso sibi renuntiasse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 22 fin.:mulieres et pueri qui visum processerant,
Sall. J. 94, 5:ut juvat pastas oves Videre properantes domum! Videre fessos vomerem inversum boves Collo trahentes languido!
Hor. Epod. 2, 62 sq.:serpentes atque videres Infernas errare canes,
id. S. 1, 8, 35 et saep.—With ut and ind. (poët.):viden', ut geminae stant vertice cristae?
Verg. A. 6, 779:viden' ut faces Splendidas quatiunt comas?
Cat. 61, 77.—With ut and subj.:nonne vides, ut tota tremor pertemptet equorum Corpora?
Verg. G. 3, 250:nonne vides ut... Antennae gemant?
Hor. C. 1, 14, 3.— Pass.:ubi sol sex mensibus continuis non videtur,
Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 4:a se disertos visos esse multos,
Quint. 8, praef. § 13; cf. id. 12, 1, 21:consulis ante pedes ire viderer eques,
Ov. P. 4, 9, 18.— Absol., to see, i. e. to have the eyes open, to be awake, Verg. E. 6, 21.— Impers. pass.: De. Vide sis modo etiam. Ly. Visum'st, Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 52; id. As. 3, 3, 95.—Transf.a.Of things ( poet.), to see:b.(Apenninus) Gallica rura videt,
Luc. 2, 429:et casus abies visura marinos,
i. e. to experience, Verg. G. 2, 68.—Of places, etc., to look out on, afford a view of (post-Aug.):c.triclinium hortum et gestationem videt,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 13.—Of the other senses, to perceive, observe any thing:B.vidistin' toto sonitus procurrere caelo?
Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 49:mugire videbis Sub pedibus terram et descendere montibus ornos,
Verg. A. 4, 490:tum videres Stridere secretā divisos aure susurros,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 77:naso poljam haec quidem videt plus quam oculis,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 44.—In partic., to see on purpose, to look at any thing:II.vide sis signi quid siet,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 155; cf.:vide, tali ubi sint,
id. Most. 1, 3, 151:illud vide, os ut sibi distorsit carnufex,
Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 3:vide, si non os inpudens Videtur,
id. ib. 5, 1, 23; cf.:specta me, a threatening expression,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 19 al.: quin tu me vides? only look at me! i. e. see what I have done! Cic. Pis. 25, 61.—Trop.A.In gen., to see with the mind's eye, to perceive, mark, observe, discern, understand, comprehend, be aware, know, etc. (class.;B.syn. percipio): ad te, ut video, comminus accessit,
Cic. Att. 2, 2, 2:quem exitum ego tam video animo, quam ea, quae oculis cernimus,
id. Fam. 6, 3, 2:aperte enim adulantem nemo non videt,
sees through, detects, id. Lael. 26, 99:si dormientes aliquid animo videre videamur,
id. Ac. 2, 40, 125:aliquid in somnis,
id. N. D. 1, 29, 82:somnia,
id. Div. 2, 71, 147:quod ego, cur nolim, nihil video,
id. Fam. 9, 6, 2:nonne vobis videtur is animus qui plus cernat et longius, videre se ad meliora proficisci: ille autem cui obtusior est acies non videre?
id. Sen. 23, 83.—With comp., plus, etc.:ut is qui illusus sit plus vidisse videatur,
to have seen farther, had more insight, Cic. Lael. 26, 99:videre acutius atque acrius vitia in dicente quam recta,
id. de Or. 1, 25, 116:aliena melius videre et dijudicare,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 97 (95): cum me vidisse plus fateretur, se speravisse meliora, that I had seen farther, Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 39; cf.:sin autem vos plus in re publicā vidistis,
id. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64; cf.:vos universos in consule deligendo plurimum vidisse fateantur,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 103:di vatesque eorum in futurum vident,
Liv. 6, 12.—With two accs.:quem virum Crassum vidimus,
Cic. Sen. 17, 61; cf.:officiorum conjunctione me privatum videbam,
id. Brut. 1, 1:cum invidiosum se propter nimias opes viderit,
Just. 32, 4, 4.—With ut and ind. (poët.):nonne vides, croceos ut Tmolus odores, India mittit ebur,
Verg. G. 1, 56.—In partic.1.To look at, look to, consider, to think or reflect upon (cf.:2.reputo, considero): duae condiciones sunt: utram tu accipias, vide,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 118:nunc ea videamus, quae contra ab his disputari solent,
Cic. Ac. 2, 13, 40:id primum videamus, quātenus amor in amicitiā progredi debeat,
id. Lael. 11, 36:sed videamus Herculem ipsum,
id. Tusc. 2, 8, 20 Klotz ad loc.:quamobrem et haec videnda et pecuniae fugienda cupiditas,
id. Off. 1, 20, 68:te moneo: videas etiam atque etiam et consideres, quid agas, quo progrediare, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 68, § 174:legi Bruti epistolam non prudenter rescriptam: sed ipse viderit,
let him see to that himself, id. Att. 12, 21, 1; so,viderit,
Ov. A. A. 2, 371; id. Tr. 5, 2, 43; cf.:quam id recte faciam, viderint sapientes,
Cic. Lael. 3, 10; and:quae (ars) quam sit facilis, illi viderint, qui, etc.... deinde etiam tu ipse videris, qui eam artem facilem esse dicis,
id. de Or. 1, 58, 246:viderint ista officia viri boni,
id. Quint. 17, 55.—To look out for, see to, care for, provide:3.atque idem (sapiens) ita acrem in omnis partis aciem intendit, ut semper videat sedem sibi ac locum sine molestiā vivendi,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 38:antecesserat Statius, ut prandium nobis videret,
i. e. provide, id. Att. 5, 1, 3:dulciculae potionis aliquid videamus et cibi,
id. Tusc. 3, 19, 46:aliud lenius (vinum),
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 50:Philippum dixisse constabat, videndum sibi aliud esse consilium, illo senatu se rem publicam gerere non posse,
Cic. de Or. 3, 1, 2:absque eo esset, Recte ego mihi vidissem,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 12.—To take care, see to it, make sure, with final clause:4. a.navem idoneam ut habeas, diligenter videbis,
Cic. Fam. 16, 1, 2; cf.:videret, ut quam primum tota res transigeretur,
id. Quint. 5, 20:ne fortuna mea desit, videte,
Liv. 6, 18, 8.— Impers. pass.:videndum est, ne absit benignitas... tum, ut pro dignitate cuique tribuatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 14, 42:ut Latine loquamur, non solum videndum est ut verba efferamus ea, etc.,
id. de Or. 3, 11, 40; cf.:vos videte, quid aliae faciant isto loco feminae: et ne, cum velitis, exire non liceat,
id. Fam. 14, 18, 2.—In gen.:b.qui suo toto consulatu somnum non viderit,
Cic. Fam. 7, 30, 1.—Esp., to see, live to see a period or event:5.ex multis diebus, quos in vitā celeberrimos laetissimosque viderit,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:utinam eum diem videam, cum, etc.,
id. Att. 16, 11, 1:duxi uxorem: quam ibi miseriam vidi!
Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 13:spero multa vos liberosque vestros in re publicā bona esse visuros,
Cic. Mil. 28, 78:multas jam summorum imperatorum clarissimas victorias aetas nostra vidit,
id. ib. 28, 77:tantum pro! degeneramus a parentibus nostris, ut praeter quam oram illi Punicas vagari classes dedecus esse imperii sui duxerint, eam nos nunc plenam hostium jam factam videamus,
Liv. 22, 14, 6; cf. id. 6, 14, 4.—Pregn., to see, i. e. go to see, visit (colloq.; cf.:6.viso, inviso): sed Septimium vide et Laenatem,
Cic. Att. 12, 14, 1:quā re etiam Othonem vide,
id. ib. 12, 37, 4:videbis ergo hominem, si voles,
id. ib. 4, 12 init.:mane videas Plinium domi,
Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 8; Suet. Tib. 7.— Pass., to receive attention, be visited, Amm. 14, 7, 10.—Me vide, rely on me, trust me, believe me, a formula of exhortation and assurance (ante-class.), Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 79 Brix ad loc.; id. Mil. 2, 4, 23 Lorenz ad loc.; id. Rud. 3, 3, 18; id. Merc. 5, 4, 53; Ter. And. 2, 2, 13; id. Phorm. 4, 4, 30.—7.Pass., to be looked upon or regarded in any manner, i. e. to seem, appear to be or do any thing:(β).numquam periculi fugā committendum est, ut imbelles timidique videamur,
Cic. Off. 1, [p. 1989] 24, 83:ne id, quod speciem haberet honesti, pugnaret cum eo, quod utile videretur,
id. ib. 3, 2, 7:multo rem turpiorem fore et iniquiorem visum iri intellegebant,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 17, § 42; cf. id. de Or. 3, 11, 42:ex quo illorum beata mors videtur, horum vita laudabilis,
id. Lael. 7, 23.—Parenthet. (cf. c. infra):cum ceteris, ut quidem videor, tum mihi ipse displiceo,
Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 3:ea vocabula non, ut videntur, easdem res significant,
id. ib. 3, 34, 84.—With dat. of pers.:cetera, quae quibusdam admirabilia videntur, etc.,
Cic. Lael. 23, 86:digna mihi res cum omnium cognitione tum nostrā familiaritate visa est,
id. ib. 1, 4:idonea mihi Laelii persona visa est, quae, etc.,
id. ib.:a naturā mihi videtur potius quam ab indigentiā orta amicitia,
id. ib. 8, 27:quae Aristoni et Pyrrhoni omnino visa sunt pro nihilo,
id. Fin. 2, 13, 43:quod idem Scipioni videbatur,
id. ib. 4, 14.—Parenthet. (cf. c. infra):quam nostris libris satis diligenter, ut tibi quidem videmur, expressimus,
Cic. Att. 8, 11, 1:Philargyrus omnia de te, ut mihi quidem visus est, narravit,
id. Fam. 4, 13, 3.—With inf.:(γ).de familiari illo tuo videor audisse,
Cic. de Or. 2, 10, 40; id. N. D. 1, 21, 58:satis facere rei publicae videmur, si, etc.,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 2:ut beate vixisse videar, quia, etc.,
id. Lael. 4, 15:solem e mundo tollere videntur, qui amicitiam e vitā tollunt,
id. ib. 13, 47:videre jam videor populum a senatu disjunctum,
id. ib. 12, 41; cf.:te vero, Caecili, quem ad modum sit elusurus, videre jam videor,
id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:vere videor posse contendere,
Nep. Att. 12, 4:audire videor undique congerentes nomina poëtarum,
Quint. 10, 1, 56; Vell. 2, 14, 1; Plin. Ep. 10, 61 (69), 1; id. Pan. 17, 1.—With dat. of pers., Cic. Lael. 14, 51:videor mihi perspicere ipsius animum,
id. Fam. 4, 13, 5:hoc mihi videor videre,
id. Inv. 2, 57, 171. —With nom. and inf.:(δ).ut exstinctae potius amicitiae quam oppressae esse videantur,
Cic. Lael. 21, 78:ut tamquam a praesentibus coram haberi sermo videretur,
id. ib. 1, 3:quae (sapientia) videtur in hominem cadere posse,
id. ib. 26, 100: visus 'st in somnis pastor ad me adpellere, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 44 B. and K.:ut Aratus ab Jove incipiendum putat, ita nos rite coepturi ab Homero videmur,
Quint. 10, 1, 46.—With dat. of pers.:divitior mihi et affluentior videtur esse vera amicitia,
Cic. Lael. 16, 58.—Impers., with acc. and inf. (rare; cf.b.creditur, in the same constr., and dicitur): non mihi videtur, ad beate vivendum satis posse virtutem,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 12:aliis videtur, non incohatam sed perfectam probationem hoc nomen accipere,
Quint. 5, 10, 5 Spald.:quae vult videri, se esse prudentiam,
Cic. Off. 3, 17, 71:quia videbatur et Limnaeam eodem tempore oppugnari posse,
Liv. 36, 13, 9 Weissenb. ad loc.— Absol.:sed mihi contra ea videtur,
Sall. J. 85, 2:seque facile, ut mihi videtur, expediunt,
Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 66; id. Marcell. 3, 10.—In official decisions, as a guarded opinion instead of a positive declaration:c.majores nostri voluerunt, quae jurati judices cognovissent, ea non ut esse facta, sed ut videri pronuntiarent,
Cic. Ac. 2, 47, 146:fecisse videri pronuntiat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 6, § 14:cum pontifices decressent, videri posse sine religione eam partem areae mihi restitui,
id. Att. 4, 2, 3:consul adjecit Senatusconsultum, Ambraciam non videri vi captam esse,
Liv. 38, 44, 6:Scipionis sententiam sequuntur, uti ante certam diem Caesar exercitum dimittat: si non faciat, eum adversus rempublicam facturum videri,
Caes. B. C. 1, 2.—Pregn., videtur (alicui), it seems proper, right, or fit, it seems good to any one; he ( she, etc.) pleases, likes.(α).With dat. of pers.:(β).tibi si videbitur, villis iis utere, quae, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 14, 7, 3:velim Lentulum puerum visas eique de mancipiis, quae tibi videbitur, attribuas,
id. Att. 12, 28, 3:qui imitamur, quos cuique visum est,
id. Off. 1, 32, 118:ut consul, quem videretur ei, cum imperio mitteret, qui, etc.,
Liv. 31, 3, 2; 29, 20, 4: si ei videretur, integram rem ad senatum reiceret, if he pleased, a formula of politeness, Liv. 26, 16, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.;31, 4, 2: ut, si videretur ei, maturaret venire,
id. 34, 46, 5.—Without dat.:ubi visum est, sub vesperum dispersi discedunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 58: eam quoque, si videtur, correctionem explicabo, Cic. Ac. 1, 9, 35:nunc, si videtur, hoc, illud alias,
id. Tusc. 1, 11, 23: M. Num non vis audire, etc.? A. Ut videtur, as you will, id. ib. 1, 32, 77:si videatur,
Liv. 6, 25, 2; 26, 22, 7. -
19 ad
ad, prep. with acc. (from the fourth century after Christ written also at; Etrusc. suf. -a; Osc. az; Umbr. and Old Lat. ar, as [p. 27] in Eug. Tab., in S. C. de Bacch., as arveho for adveho; arfuerunt, arfuisse, for adfuerunt, etc.; arbiter for adbiter; so, ar me advenias, Plant. Truc. 2, 2, 17; cf. Prisc. 559 P.; Vel. Long. 2232 P.; Fabretti, Glos. Ital. col. 5) [cf. Sanscr. adhi; Goth. and Eng. at; Celt. pref. ar, as armor, i.e. ad mare; Rom. a].I.As antith. to ab (as in to ex), in a progressive order of relation, ad denotes, first, the direction toward an object; then the reaching of or attaining to it; and finally, the being at or near it.A.In space.1.Direction toward, to, toward, and first,a.Horizontally:b.fugere ad puppim colles campique videntur,
the hills and fields appear to fly toward the ship, Lucr. 4, 390: meridie umbrae cadunt ad septentrionem, ortu vero ad occasum, to or toward the north and west, Plin. 2, 13, and so often of the geog. position of a place in reference to the points of compass, with the verbs jacere, vergere, spectare, etc.:Asia jacet ad meridiem et austrum, Europa ad septentriones et aquiionem,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 31 Mull.;and in Plin. very freq.: Creta ad austrum... ad septentrionem versa, 4, 20: ad Atticam vergente, 4, 21 al.—Also trop.: animus alius ad alia vitia propensior,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 81.—In a direction upwards (esp. in the poets, very freq.): manusque sursum ad caelum sustulit, Naev. ap. Non. 116, 30 (B. Pun. p. 13, ed. Vahl.): manus ad caeli templa tendebam lacrimans, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 50 ed. Vahl.); cf.:c.duplices tendens ad sidera palmas,
Verg. A. 1, 93: molem ex profundo saxeam ad caelum vomit, Att. ap. Prisc. 1325 P.: clamor ad caelum volvendus, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 104 Mull. (Ann. v. 520 ed. Vahl.) (cf. with this: tollitur in caelum clamor, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, or Ann. v. 422):ad caelumque ferat flammai fulgura rursum, of Aetna,
Lucr. 1, 725; cf. id. 2, 191; 2, 325: sidera sola micant;ad quae sua bracchia tendens, etc.,
Ov. M. 7, 188:altitudo pertingit ad caelum,
Vulg. Dan. 4, 17.—Also in the direction downwards (for the usu. in):2.tardiore semper ad terras omnium quae geruntur in caelo effectu cadente quam visu,
Plin. 2, 97, 99, § 216.The point or goal at which any thing arrives.a.Without reference to the space traversed in passing, to, toward (the most common use of this prep.): cum stupro redire ad suos popularis, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 317 Mull. (B. Pun. p. 14 ed. Vahl.):(α).ut ex tam alto dignitatis gradu ad superos videatur potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12: ad terras decidat aether, Lucan. 2, 58. —Hence,With verbs which designate going, coming, moving, bearing, bringing near, adapting, taking, receiving, calling, exciting, admonishing, etc., when the verb is compounded with ad the prep. is not always repeated, but the constr. with the dat. or acc. employed; cf. Rudd. II. pp. 154, 175 n. (In the ante-class. per., and even in Cic., ad is generally repeated with most verbs, as, ad eos accedit, Cic. Sex. Rosc. 8:(β).ad Sullam adire,
id. ib. 25:ad se adferre,
id. Verr. 4, 50:reticulum ad naris sibi admovebat,
id. ib. 5, 27:ad laborem adhortantur,
id. de Sen. 14:T. Vectium ad se arcessit,
id. Verr. 5, 114; but the poets of the Aug. per., and the historians, esp. Tac., prefer the dative; also, when the compound verb contains merely the idea of approach, the constr. with ad and the acc. is employed; but when it designates increase, that with the dat. is more usual: accedit ad urbem, he approaches the city; but, accedit provinciae, it is added to the province.)—Ad me, te, se, for domum meam, tuam, suam (in Plaut. and Ter. very freq.):(γ).oratus sum venire ad te huc,
Plaut. Mil. 5, 1, 12: spectatores plaudite atque ite ad vos comissatum, id. Stich. fin.:eamus ad me,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64:ancillas traduce huc ad vos,
id. Heaut. 4, 4, 22:transeundumst tibi ad Menedemum,
id. 4, 4, 17: intro nos vocat ad sese, tenet intus apud se, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 86 P.:te oro, ut ad me Vibonem statim venias,
Cic. Att. 3, 3; 16, 10 al.—Ad, with the name of a deity in the gen., is elliptical for ad templum or aedem (cf.:(δ).Thespiadas, quae ad aedem Felicitatis sunt,
Cic. Verr. 4, 4; id. Phil. 2, 35:in aedem Veneris,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 120;in aedem Concordiae,
Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 21;2, 6, 12): ad Dianae,
to the temple of, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 43:ad Opis,
Cic. Att. 8, 1, 14:ad Castoris,
id. Quint. 17:ad Juturnae,
id. Clu. 101:ad Vestae,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 35 al.: cf. Rudd. II. p. 41, n. 4, and p. 334.—With verbs which denote a giving, sending, informing, submitting, etc., it is used for the simple dat. (Rudd. II. p. 175): litteras dare ad aliquem, to send or write one a letter; and: litteras dare alicui, to give a letter to one; hence Cic. never says, like Caesar and Sall., alicui scribere, which strictly means, to write for one (as a receipt, etc.), but always mittere, scribere, perscribere ad aliquem:(ε).postea ad pistores dabo,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 119:praecipe quae ad patrem vis nuntiari,
id. Capt. 2, 2, 109:in servitutem pauperem ad divitem dare,
Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 48:nam ad me Publ. Valerius scripsit,
Cic. Fam. 14, 2 med.:de meis rebus ad Lollium perscripsi,
id. ib. 5, 3:velim domum ad te scribas, ut mihi tui libri pateant,
id. Att. 4, 14; cf. id. ib. 4, 16:ad primam (sc. epistulam) tibi hoc scribo,
in answer to your first, id. ib. 3, 15, 2:ad Q. Fulvium Cons. Hirpini et Lucani dediderunt sese,
Liv. 27, 15, 1; cf. id. 28, 22, 5.—Hence the phrase: mittere or scribere librum ad aliquem, to dedicate a book to one (Greek, prosphônein):has res ad te scriptas, Luci, misimus, Aeli,
Lucil. Sat. 1, ap. Auct. Her. 4, 12:quae institueram, ad te mittam,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5: ego interea admonitu tuo perfeci sane argutulos libros ad Varronem;and soon after: mihi explices velim, maneasne in sententia, ut mittam ad eum quae scripsi,
Cic. Att. 13, 18; cf. ib. 16; Plin. 1, 19.—So in titles of books: M. Tullii Ciceronis ad Marcum Brutum Orator; M. T. Cic. ad Q. Fratrem Dialogi tres de Oratore, etc.—In the titles of odes and epigrams ad aliquem signifies to, addressed to. —With names of towns after verbs of motion, ad is used in answer to the question Whither? instead of the simple acc.; but commonly with this difference, that ad denotes to the vicinity of, the neighborhood of:(ζ).miles ad Capuam profectus sum, quintoque anno post ad Tarentum,
Cic. de Sen. 4, 10; id. Fam. 3, 81:ad Veios,
Liv. 5, 19; 14, 18; cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 7; id. B. C. 3, 40 al.—Ad is regularly used when the proper name has an appellative in apposition to it:ad Cirtam oppidum iter constituunt,
Sall. J. 81, 2; so Curt. 3, 1, 22; 4, 9, 9;or when it is joined with usque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 34, § 87; id. Deiot, 7, 19.— (When an adjective is added, the simple acc. is used poet., as well as with ad:magnum iter ad doctas proficisci cogor Athenas,
Prop. 3, 21, 1; the simple acc., Ov. H. 2, 83: doctas jam nunc eat, inquit, Athenas).—With verbs which imply a hostile movement toward, or protection in respect to any thing, against = adversus:(η).nonne ad senem aliquam fabricam fingit?
Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 34:Lernaeas pugnet ad hydras,
Prop. 3, 19, 9: neque quo pacto fallam, nec quem dolum ad eum aut machinam commoliar, old poet in Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73:Belgarum copias ad se venire vidit,
Caes. B. G. 2, 5; 7, 70:ipse ad hostem vehitur,
Nep. Dat. 4, 5; id. Dion. 5, 4: Romulus ad regem impetus facit (a phrase in which in is commonly found), Liv. 1, 5, 7, and 44, 3, 10:aliquem ad hostem ducere,
Tac. A. 2, 52:clipeos ad tela protecti obiciunt,
Verg. A. 2, 443:munio me ad haec tempora,
Cic. Fam. 9, 18:ad hos omnes casus provisa erant praesidia,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65; 7, 41;so with nouns: medicamentum ad aquam intercutem,
Cic. Off. 3, 24:remedium ad tertianam,
Petr. Sat. 18:munimen ad imbris,
Verg. G. 2, 352:farina cum melle ad tussim siccam efficasissima est,
Plin. 20, 22, 89, § 243:ad muliebre ingenium efficaces preces,
Liv. 1, 9; 1, 19 (in these two passages ad may have the force of apud, Hand).—The repetition of ad to denote the direction to a place and to a person present in it is rare:b.nunc tu abi ad forum ad herum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 100; cf.:vocatis classico ad concilium militibus ad tribunos,
Liv. 5 47.—(The distinction between ad and in is given by Diom. 409 P., thus: in forum ire est in ipsum forum intrare; ad forum autem ire, in locum foro proximum; ut in tribunal et ad tribunal venire non unum est; quia ad tribunal venit litigator, in tribunal vero praetor aut judex; cf. also Sen. Ep. 73, 14, deus ad homines venit, immo, quod propius est, in homines venit.)—The terminus, with ref. to the space traversed, to, even to, with or without usque, Quint. 10, 7, 16: ingurgitavit usque ad imum gutturem, Naev. ap. Non. 207, 20 (Rib. Com. Rel. p. 30): dictator pervehitur usque ad oppidum, Naev. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 153 Mull. (B. Pun. p. 16 ed. Vahl.):3.via pejor ad usque Baii moenia,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 96; 1, 1, 97:rigidum permanat frigus ad ossa,
Lucr. 1, 355; 1, 969:cum sudor ad imos Manaret talos,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 10:ut quantum posset, agmen ad mare extenderet,
Curt. 3, 9, 10:laeva pars ad pectus est nuda,
id. 6, 5, 27 al. —Hence the Plinian expression, petere aliquid (usque) ad aliquem, to seek something everywhere, even with one:ut ad Aethiopas usque peteretur,
Plin. 36, 6, 9, § 51 (where Jan now reads ab Aethiopia); so,vestis ad Seras peti,
id. 12, 1, 1.— Trop.:si quid poscam, usque ad ravim poscam,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 5, 10:deverberasse usque ad necem,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 13;without usque: hic ad incitas redactus,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 136; 4, 2, 52; id. Poen. 4, 2, 85; illud ad incitas cum redit atque internecionem, Lucil. ap. Non. 123, 20:virgis ad necem caedi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 29, § 70; so Hor. S. 1, 2, 42; Liv. 24, 38, 9; Tac. A. 11, 37; Suet. Ner. 26; id. Dom. 8 al.Nearness or proximity in gen. = apud, near to, by, at, close by (in anteclass. per. very freq.; not rare later, esp. in the historians): pendent peniculamenta unum ad quemque pedum, trains are suspended at each foot, Enn. ap. Non. 149, 33 (Ann. v. 363 ed. Vahl.):B.ut in servitute hic ad suum maneat patrem,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 98;3, 5, 41: sol quasi flagitator astat usque ad ostium,
stands like a creditor continually at the door, id. Most. 3, 2, 81 (cf. with same force, Att. ap. Non. 522, 25;apud ipsum astas): ad foris adsistere,
Cic. Verr. 1, 66; id. Arch. 24:astiterunt ad januam,
Vulg. Act. 10, 17:non adest ad exercitum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 6; cf. ib. prol. 133:aderant ad spectaculum istud,
Vulg. Luc. 23, 48: has (testas) e fenestris in caput Deiciunt, qui prope ad ostium adspiraverunt, Lucil. ap. Non. 288, 31:et nec opinanti Mors ad caput adstitit,
Lucr. 3, 959:quod Romanis ad manum domi supplementum esset,
at hand, Liv. 9, 19, 6:haec arma habere ad manum,
Quint. 12, 5, 1:dominum esse ad villam,
Cic. Sull. 20; so id. Verr. 2, 21:errantem ad flumina,
Verg. E. 6, 64; Tib. 1, 10, 38; Plin. 7, 2, § 12; Vitr. 7, 14; 7, 12; and ellipt. (cf. supra, 2. g):pecunia utinam ad Opis maneret!
Cic. Phil. 1, 17.—Even of persons:qui primum pilum ad Caesarem duxerat (for apud),
Caes. B. G. 6, 38; so id. ib. 1, 31; 3, 9; 5, 53; 7, 5; id. B. C. 3, 60:ad inferos poenas parricidii luent,
among, Cic. Phil. 14, 13:neque segnius ad hostes bellum apparatur,
Liv. 7, 7, 4: pugna ad Trebiam, ad Trasimenum, ad Cannas, etc., for which Liv. also uses the gen.:si Trasimeni quam Trebiae, si Cannarum quam Trasimeni pugna nobilior esset, 23, 43, 4.—Sometimes used to form the name of a place, although written separately, e. g. ad Murcim,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 154:villa ad Gallinas, a villa on the Flaminian Way,
Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 37: ad urbem esse (of generals), to remain outside the city (Rome) until permission was given for a triumph:“Esse ad urbem dicebantur, qui cum potestate provinciali aut nuper e provincia revertissent, aut nondum in provinciam profecti essent... solebant autem, qui ob res in provincia gestas triumphum peterent, extra urbem exspectare, donec, lege lata, triumphantes urbem introire possent,”
Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 3, 8.—So sometimes with names of towns and verbs of rest:pons, qui erat ad Genavam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 7:ad Tibur mortem patri minatus est,
Cic. Phil. 6, 4, 10:conchas ad Caietam legunt,
id. Or. 2, 6:ad forum esse,
to be at the market, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 136; id. Most. 3, 2, 158; cf. Ter. Ph. 4, 2, 8; id. And. 1, 5, 19.—Hence, adverb., ad dextram (sc. manum, partem), ad laevam, ad sinistram, to the right, to the left, or on the right, on the left:ad dextram,
Att. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 225; Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 1; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 44; Cic. Univ. 13; Caes. B. C. 1, 69:ad laevam,
Enn. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 51; Att. ib. p. 217: ad sinistram, Ter. [p. 28] Ad. 4, 2, 43 al.:ad dextram... ad laevam,
Liv. 40, 6;and with an ordinal number: cum plebes ad tertium milliarium consedisset,
at the third milestone, Cic. Brut. 14, 54, esp. freq. with lapis:sepultus ad quintum lapidem,
Nep. Att. 22, 4; so Liv. 3, 69 al.; Tac. H. 3, 18; 4, 60 (with apud, Ann. 1, 45; 3, 45; 15, 60) al.; cf. Rudd. II. p. 287.In time, analogous to the relations given in A.1.Direction toward, i. e. approach to a definite point of time, about, toward:2.domum reductus ad vesperum,
toward evening, Cic. Lael. 3, 12:cum ad hiemem me ex Cilicia recepissem,
toward winter, id. Fam. 3, 7.—The limit or boundary to which a space of time extends, with and without usque, till, until, to, even to, up to:3.ego ad illud frugi usque et probus fui,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 53:philosophia jacuit usque ad hanc aetatem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. de Sen. 14:quid si hic manebo potius ad meridiem,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 55; so id. Men. 5, 7, 33; id. Ps. 1, 5, 116; id. As. 2, 1, 5:ad multam noctem,
Cic. de Sen. 14:Sophocles ad summam senectutem tragoedias fecit,
id. ib. 2; cf. id. Rep. 1, 1:Alexandream se proficisci velle dixit (Aratus) remque integram ad reditum suum jussit esse,
id. Off. 2, 23, 82:bestiae ex se natos amant ad quoddam tempus,
id. Lael. 8; so id. de Sen. 6; id. Somn. Sc. 1 al. —And with ab or ab-usque, to desig. the whole period of time passed away:ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,
Cic. Att. 7, 8:usque ab aurora ad hoc diei,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 8.—Coincidence with a point of time, at, on, in, by:C.praesto fuit ad horam destinatam,
at the appointed hour, Cic. Tusc. 5, 22:admonuit ut pecuniam ad diem solverent,
on the day of payment, id. Att. 16, 16 A:nostra ad diem dictam fient,
id. Fam. 16, 10, 4; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 5: ad lucem denique arte et graviter dormitare coepisse, at (not toward) daybreak, id. Div. 1, 28, 59; so id. Att. 1, 3, 2; 1, 4, 3; id. Fin. 2, 31, 103; id. Brut. 97, 313:ad id tempus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 24; Sall. J. 70, 5; Tac. A. 15, 60; Suet. Aug. 87; Domit. 17, 21 al.The relations of number.1.An approximation to a sum designated, near, near to, almost, about, toward (cf. Gr. epi, pros with acc. and the Fr. pres de, a peu pres, presque) = circiter (Hand, Turs. I. p. 102):2.ad quadraginta eam posse emi minas,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 111:nummorum Philippum ad tria milia,
id. Trin. 1, 2, 115; sometimes with quasi added:quasi ad quadraginta minas,
as it were about, id. Most. 3, 1, 95; so Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 93:sane frequentes fuimus omnino ad ducentos,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1:cum annos ad quadraginta natus esset,
id. Clu. 40, 110:ad hominum milia decem,
Caes. B. G. 1, 4:oppida numero ad duodecim, vicos ad quadringentos,
id. ib. 1, 5.—In the histt. and post-Aug. authors ad is added adverbially in this sense (contrary to Gr. usage, by which amphi, peri, and eis with numerals retain their power as prepositions): ad binum milium numero utrinque sauciis factis, Sisenn. ap. Non. 80, 4:occisis ad hominum milibus quattuor,
Caes. B. G. 2, 33:ad duorum milium numero ceciderunt,
id. B. C. 3, 53:ad duo milia et trecenti occisi,
Liv. 10, 17, 8; so id. 27, 12, 16; Suet. Caes. 20; cf. Rudd. II. p. 334.—The terminus, the limit, to, unto, even to, a designated number (rare):D.ranam luridam conicere in aquam usque quo ad tertiam partem decoxeris,
Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 26; cf. App. Herb. 41:aedem Junonis ad partem dimidiam detegit,
even to the half, Liv. 42, 3, 2:miles (viaticum) ad assem perdiderat,
to a farthing, to the last farthing, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 27; Plin. Ep. 1, 15:quid ad denarium solveretur,
Cic. Quint. 4.—The phrase omnes ad unum or ad unum omnes, or simply ad unum, means lit. all to one, i. e. all together, all without exception; Gr. hoi kath hena pantes (therefore the gender of unum is changed according to that of omnes): praetor omnes extra castra, ut stercus, foras ejecit ad unum, Lucil. ap. Non. 394, 22:de amicitia omnes ad unum idem sentiunt,
Cic. Lael. 23:ad unum omnes cum ipso duce occisi sunt,
Curt. 4, 1, 22 al.:naves Rhodias afflixit ita, ut ad unam omnes constratae eliderentur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 27; onerariae omnes ad unam a nobis sunt exceptae, Cic. Fam. 12, 14 (cf. in Gr. hoi kath hena; in Hebr., Exod. 14, 28).— Ad unum without omnes:ego eam sententiam dixi, cui sunt assensi ad unum,
Cic. Fam. 10, 16:Juppiter omnipotens si nondum exosus ad unum Trojanos,
Verg. A. 5, 687.In the manifold relations of one object to another.1.That in respect of or in regard to which a thing avails, happens, or is true or important, with regard to, in respect of, in relation to, as to, to, in.a.With verbs:b.ad omnia alia aetate sapimus rectius,
in respect to all other things we grow wiser by age, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 45:numquam ita quisquam bene ad vitam fuat,
id. ib. 5, 4, 1:nil ibi libatum de toto corpore (mortui) cernas ad speciem, nil ad pondus,
that nothing is lost in form or weight, Lucr. 3, 214; cf. id. 5, 570; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 58; id. Mur. 13, 29: illi regi Cyro subest, ad immutandi animi licentiam, crudelissimus ille Phalaris, in that Cyrus, in regard to the liberty of changing his disposition (i. e. not in reality, but inasmuch as he is at liberty to lay aside his good character, and assume that of a tyrant), there is concealed another cruel Phalaris, Cic. Rep. 1, 28:nil est ad nos,
is nothing to us, concerns us not, Lucr. 3, 830; 3, 845:nil ad me attinet,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 54:nihil ad rem pertinet,
Cic. Caecin. 58;and in the same sense elliptically: nihil ad Epicurum,
id. Fin. 1, 2, 5; id. Pis. 68:Quid ad praetorem?
id. Verr. 1, 116 (this usage is not to be confounded with that under 4.).—With adjectives:c.ad has res perspicax,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 129:virum ad cetera egregium,
Liv. 37, 7, 15:auxiliaribus ad pugnam non multum Crassus confidebat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 25:ejus frater aliquantum ad rem est avidior,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51; cf. id. And. 1, 2, 21; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 129:ut sit potior, qui prior ad dandum est,
id. Phorm. 3, 2, 48:difficilis (res) ad credendum,
Lucr. 2, 1027:ad rationem sollertiamque praestantior,
Cic. N. D. 2, 62; so id. Leg. 2, 13, 33; id. Fin. 2, 20, 63; id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; id. Font. 15; id. Cat. 1, 5, 12; id. de Or. 1, 25, 113; 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 200; id. Fam. 3, 1, 1; Liv. 9, 16, 13; Tac. A. 12, 54 al.—With nouns:d.prius quam tuum, ut sese habeat, animum ad nuptias perspexerit,
before he knew your feeling in regard to the marriage, Ter. And. 2, 3, 4 (cf. Gr. hopôs echei tis pros ti):mentis ad omnia caecitas,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:magna vis est fortunae in utramque partem vel ad secundas res vel ad adversas,
id. Off. 2, 6; so id. Par. 1:ad cetera paene gemelli,
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 3.—So with acc. of gerund instead of the gen. from the same vb.:facultas ad scribendum, instead of scribendi,
Cic. Font. 6;facultas ad agendum,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 1, 2: cf. Rudd. II. p. 245.—In gramm.: nomina ad aliquid dicta, nouns used in relation to something, i. e. which derive their significance from their relation to another object: quae non possunt intellegi sola, ut pater, mater;2.jungunt enim sibi et illa propter quae intelleguntur,
Charis. 129 P.; cf. Prisc. 580 ib.—With words denoting measure, weight, manner, model, rule, etc., both prop. and fig., according to, agreeably to, after (Gr. kata, pros):3.columnas ad perpendiculum exigere,
Cic. Mur. 77:taleis ferreis ad certum pondus examinatis,
Caes. B. G. 5, 12: facta sunt ad certam formam. Lucr. 2, 379:ad amussim non est numerus,
Varr. 2, 1, 26:ad imaginem facere,
Vulg. Gen. 1, 26:ad cursus lunae describit annum,
Liv. 1, 19:omnia ad diem facta sunt,
Caes. B. G. 2, 5:Id ad similitudinem panis efficiebant,
id. B. C. 3, 48; Vulg. Gen. 1, 26; id. Jac. 3, 9:ad aequos flexus,
at equal angles, Lucr. 4, 323: quasi ad tornum levantur, to or by the lathe, id. 4, 361:turres ad altitudiem valli,
Caes. B. G. 5, 42; Liv. 39, 6:ad eandem crassitudinem structi,
id. 44, 11:ad speciem cancellorum scenicorum,
with the appearance of, like, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 8:stagnum maris instar, circumseptum aedificiis ad urbium speciem,
Suet. Ner. 31:lascivum pecus ludens ad cantum,
Liv. Andron. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 1:canere ad tibiam,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 2: canere ad tibicinem, id. ib. 1, 2 (cf.:in numerum ludere,
Verg. E. 6, 28; id. G. 4, 175):quod ad Aristophanis lucernam lucubravi,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 9 Mull.: carmen castigare ad unguem, to perfection (v. unguis), Hor. A. P. 294:ad unguem factus homo,
a perfect gentleman, id. S. 1, 5, 32 (cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 86):ad istorum normam sapientes,
Cic. Lael. 5, 18; id. Mur. 3:Cyrus non ad historiae fidem scriptus, sed ad effigiem justi imperii,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:exercemur in venando ad similitudinem bellicae disciplinae,
id. N. D. 2, 64, 161: so,ad simulacrum,
Liv. 40, 6:ad Punica ingenia,
id. 21, 22:ad L. Crassi eloquentiam,
Cic. Var. Fragm. 8:omnia fient ad verum,
Juv. 6, 324:quid aut ad naturam aut contra sit,
Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30:ad hunc modum institutus est,
id. Tusc. 2, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 31; 3, 13:ad eundem istunc modum,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 70:quem ad modum, q. v.: ad istam faciem est morbus, qui me macerat,
of that kind, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 73; id. Merc. 2, 3, 90; cf.91: cujus ad arbitrium copia materiai cogitur,
Lucr. 2, 281:ad eorum arbitrium et nutum totos se fingunt,
to their will and pleasure, Cic. Or. 8, 24; id. Quint. 71:ad P. Lentuli auctoritatem Roma contendit,
id. Rab. Post. 21:aliae sunt legati partes, aliae imperatoris: alter omnia agere ad praescriptum, alter libere ad summam rerum consulere debet,
Caes. B. C. 3, 51:rebus ad voluntatem nostram fluentibus,
Cic. Off. 1, 26:rem ad illorum libidinem judicarunt,
id. Font. 36:ad vulgi opinionem,
id. Off. 3, 21.—So in later Lat. with instar:ad instar castrorum,
Just. 36, 3, 2:scoparum,
App. M. 9, p. 232:speculi,
id. ib. 2, p. 118: ad hoc instar mundi, id. de Mundo, p. 72.—Sometimes, but very rarely, ad is used absol. in this sense (so also very rarely kata with acc., Xen. Hell. 2, 3; Luc. Dial. Deor. 8): convertier ad nos, as we (are turned), Lucr. 4, 317:ad navis feratur,
like ships, id. 4, 897 Munro. —With noun:ad specus angustiac vallium,
like caves, Caes. B. C. 3, 49.—Hence,With an object which is the cause or reason, in conformity to which, from which, or for which, any thing is or is done.a.The moving cause, according to, at, on, in consequence of:b.cetera pars animae paret et ad numen mentis momenque movetur,
Lucr. 3, 144:ad horum preces in Boeotiam duxit,
on their entreaty, Liv. 42, 67, 12: ad ea Caesar veniam ipsique et conjugi et fratribus tribuit, in consequence of or upon this, he, etc., Tac. Ann. 12, 37.—The final cause, or the object, end, or aim, for the attainment of which any thing,(α).is done,(β).is designed, or,(γ). (α).Seque ad ludos jam inde abhinc exerceant, Pac. ap. Charis. p. 175 P. (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 80):(β).venimus coctum ad nuptias,
in order to cook for the wedding, Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 15:omnis ad perniciem instructa domus,
id. Bacch. 3, 1, 6; cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 41; Liv. 1, 54:cum fingis falsas causas ad discordiam,
in order to produce dissension, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 71:quantam fenestram ad nequitiam patefeceris,
id. Heaut. 3, 1, 72:utrum ille, qui postulat legatum ad tantum bellum, quem velit, idoneus non est, qui impetret, cum ceteri ad expilandos socios diripiendasque provincias, quos voluerunt, legatos eduxerint,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 57:ego vitam quoad putabo tua interesse, aut ad spem servandam esse, retinebo,
for hope, id. Q. Fr. 1, 4; id. Fam. 5, 17:haec juventutem, ubi familiares opes defecerant, ad facinora incendebant,
Sall. C. 13, 4:ad speciem atque ad usurpationem vetustatis,
Cic. Agr. 2, 12, 31; Suet. Caes. 67:paucis ad speciem tabernaculis relictis,
for appearance, Caes. B. C. 2, 35; so id. ib. 2, 41; id. B. G. 1, 51.—Aut equos alere aut canes ad venandum. Ter. And. 1, 1, 30:(γ).ingenio egregie ad miseriam natus sum,
id. Heaut. 3, 1, 11;(in the same sense: in rem,
Hor. C. 1, 27, 1, and the dat., Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 6):ad cursum equum, ad arandum bovem, ad indagandum canem,
Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 40:ad frena leones,
Verg. A. 10, 253:delecto ad naves milite,
marines, Liv. 22, 19 Weissenb.:servos ad remum,
rowers, id. 34, 6; and:servos ad militiam emendos,
id. 22, 61, 2:comparasti ad lecticam homines,
Cat. 10, 16:Lygdamus ad cyathos,
Prop. 4, 8, 37; cf.:puer ad cyathum statuetur,
Hor. C. 1, 29, 8.—Quae oportet Signa esse [p. 29] ad salutem, omnia huic osse video, everything indicative of prosperity I see in him, Ter. And. 3, 2, 2:4.haec sunt ad virtutem omnia,
id. Heaut. 1, 2, 33:causa ad objurgandum,
id. And. 1, 1, 123:argumentum ad scribendum,
Cic. Att. 9, 7 (in both examples instead of the gen. of gerund., cf. Rudd. II. p. 245):vinum murteum est ad alvum crudam,
Cato R. R. 125:nulla res tantum ad dicendum proficit, quantum scriptio,
Cic. Brut. 24:reliquis rebus, quae sunt ad incendia,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101 al. —So with the adjectives idoneus, utilis, aptus, instead of the dat.:homines ad hanc rem idoneos,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 6:calcei habiles et apti ad pedem,
Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 231:orator aptus tamen ad dicendum,
id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5:sus est ad vescendum hominibus apta,
id. N. D. 2, 64, 160:homo ad nullam rem utilis,
id. Off. 3, 6:ad segetes ingeniosus ager,
Ov. F. 4, 684.—(Upon the connection of ad with the gerund. v. Zumpt, § 666; Rudd. II. p. 261.)—Comparison (since that with which a thing is compared is considered as an object to which the thing compared is brought near for the sake of comparison), to, compared to or with, in comparison with:E.ad sapientiam hujus ille (Thales) nimius nugator fuit,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 25; id. Trin. 3, 2, 100:ne comparandus hic quidem ad illum'st,
Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 14; 2, 3, 69:terra ad universi caeli complexum,
compared with the whole extent of the heavens, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:homini non ad cetera Punica ingenia callido,
Liv. 22, 22, 15:at nihil ad nostram hanc,
nothing in comparison with, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 70; so Cic. Deiot. 8, 24; and id. de Or. 2, 6, 25.Adverbial phrases with ad.1.Ad omnia, withal, to crown all:2.ingentem vim peditum equitumque venire: ex India elephantos: ad omnia tantum advehi auri, etc.,
Liv. 35, 32, 4.—Ad hoc and ad haec (in the historians, esp. from the time of Livy, and in authors after the Aug. per.), = praeterea, insuper, moreover, besides, in addition, epi toutois:3.nam quicumque impudicus, adulter, ganeo, etc.: praeterea omnes undique parricidae, etc.: ad hoc, quos manus atque lingua perjurio aut sanguine civili alebat: postremo omnes, quos, etc.,
Sall. C. 14, 2 and 3:his opinionibus inflato animo, ad hoc vitio quoque ingenii vehemens,
Liv. 6, 11, 6; 42, 1, 1; Tac. H. 1, 6; Suet. Aug. 22 al.—Ad id quod, beside that (very rare):4.ad id quod sua sponte satis conlectum animorum erat, indignitate etiam Romani accendebantur,
Liv. 3, 62, 1; so 44, 37, 12.—Ad tempus.a.At a definite, fixed time, Cic. Att. 13, 45; Liv. 38, 25, 3.—b.At a fit, appropriate time, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 141; Liv. 1, 7, 13.—c.For some time, for a short time, Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27; id. Lael. 15, 53; Liv. 21, 25, 14.—d.According to circumstances, Cic. Planc. 30, 74; id. Cael. 6, 13; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9.—5.Ad praesens (for the most part only in post-Aug. writers).a.For the moment, for a short time, Cic. Fam. 12, 8; Plin. 8, 22, 34; Tac. A. 4, 21.—b.At present, now, Tac. A. 16, 5; id. H. 1, 44.—So, ad praesentiam, Tac. A. 11, 8.—6.Ad locum, on the spot:7.ut ad locum miles esset paratus,
Liv. 27, 27, 2.—Ad verbum, word for word, literally, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4; id. de Or. 1, 34, 157; id. Ac. 2, 44, 135 al.—8.Ad summam.a. b. 9.Ad extremum, ad ultimum, ad postremum.a. (α).Of place, at the extremity, extreme point, top, etc.:(β).missile telum hastili abiegno et cetera tereti, praeterquam ad extremum, unde ferrum exstabat,
Liv. 21, 8, 10.—Of time = telos de, at last, finally:(γ).ibi ad postremum cedit miles,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 52; so id. Poen. 4, 2, 22; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89; id. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Caes. B. G. 7, 53; Liv. 30, 15, 4 al.— Hence,of order, finally, lastly, = denique: inventa componere; tum ornare oratione; post memoria sepire;b.ad extremum agere cum dignitate,
Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 142.—In Liv., to the last degree, quite: improbus homo, sed non ad extremum perditus, 23, 2, 3; cf.:10.consilii scelerati, sed non ad ultimum dementis,
id. 28, 28, 8.—Quem ad finem? To what limit? How far? Cic. Cat. 1, 1; id. Verr. 5, 75.—11.Quem ad modum, v. sub h. v.► a.Ad (v. ab, ex, in, etc.) is not repeated like some other prepositions with interrog. and relative pronouns, after nouns or demonstrative pronouns:b.traducis cogitationes meas ad voluptates. Quas? corporis credo,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 37 (ubi v. Kuhner).—Ad is sometimes placed after its substantive:c.quam ad,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 39:senatus, quos ad soleret, referendum censuit,
Cic. N. D. 2, 4:ripam ad Araxis,
Tac. Ann. 12, 51;or between subst. and adj.: augendam ad invidiam,
id. ib. 12, 8.—The compound adque for et ad (like exque, eque, and, poet., aque) is denied by Moser, Cic. Rep. 2, 15, p. 248, and he reads instead of ad humanitatem adque mansuetudinem of the MSS., hum. atque mans. But adque, in acc. with later usage, is restored by Hand in App. M. 10, p. 247, adque haec omnia oboediebam for atque; and in Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 9, utroque vorsum rectum'st ingenium meum, ad se adque illum, is now read, ad te atque ad illum (Fleck., Brix).II.In composition.A.Form. According to the usual orthography, the d of the ad remains unchanged before vowels, and before b, d, h, m, v: adbibo, adduco, adhibeo, admoveo, advenio; it is assimilated to c, f, g, l, n, p, r, s, t: accipio, affigo, aggero, allabor, annumero, appello, arripio, assumo, attineo; before g and s it sometimes disappears: agnosco, aspicio, asto: and before qu it passes into c: acquiro, acquiesco.—But later philologists, supported by old inscriptions and good MSS., have mostly adopted the following forms: ad before j, h, b, d, f, m, n, q, v; ac before c, sometimes, but less well, before q; ag and also ad before g; a before gn, sp, sc, st; ad and also al before l; ad rather than an before n; ap and sometimes ad before p; ad and also ar before r; ad and also as before s; at and sometimes ad before t. In this work the old orthography has commonly been retained for the sake of convenient reference, but the better form in any case is indicated.—B.Signif. In English up often denotes approach, and in many instances will give the force of ad as a prefix both in its local and in its figurative sense.1.Local.a. b.At, by: astare, adesse.—c. d.Up (cf. de- = down, as in deicio, decido): attollo, ascendo, adsurgo.—2.Fig.a.To: adjudico, adsentior.—b.At or on: admiror, adludo.—c.Denoting conformity to, or comparison with: affiguro, adaequo.—d.Denoting addition, increase (cf. ab, de, and ex as prefixes to denote privation): addoceo, adposco.—e.Hence, denoting intensity: adamo, adimpleo, aduro, and perhaps agnosco.—f.Denoting the coming to an act or state, and hence commencement: addubito, addormio, adquiesco, adlubesco, advesperascit. See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 74-134. -
20 et
ĕt, conj. [Sanscr. ati, beyond; Gr. eti, besides, yet; Lat. et-iam, at-avus], serves to connect, in the most general manner, single words or entire sentences, and.I.In gen.: qui illius impudentiam norat et duritudinem, Cato ap. Gell. 17, 2, 20: te sale nata precor, Venus et genetrix patris nostri, Enn. ap. Non. 378, 16 (Ann. v. 53 ed. Vahlen): blande et docte percontat, Naev. ap. Non. 474, 7:II.ut, quoad possem et liceret, a senis latere numquam discederem,
Cic. Lael. 1, 1:de quo praeclare et multa praecipiuntur,
id. Or. 21, 70:qui filium consularem clarum virum et magnis rebus gestis amisit,
id. Fam. 4, 6; cf.:major (frater) et qui prius imperitarat,
Liv. 21, 31:haec pueris et mulierculis et servis et servorum simillimis liberis esse grata,
Cic. Off. 2, 16, 57 et saep.:salicta locis aquosis, humectis, umbrosis, propter amnes ibi seri oportet. Et id videto, uti, etc.,
Cato, R. R. 9:optime vero, frater: et fleri sic decet,
Cic. Leg. 2, 3 fin.:qua de re est igitur inter summos viros major dissensio? Et omitto illa, quae relicta jam videntur,
id. Ac. 2, 42 et saep.In partic.A.To subjoin a word or phrase which more accurately defines or more briefly comprehends what goes before, and indeed, and moreover, and that too:B.te enim jam appello, et ea voce, ut me exaudire possis,
Cic. Mil. 25, 67:at laudat, et saepe, virtutem,
id. Tusc. 3, 20, 48; cf.:id, et facile, effici posse,
Nep. Milt. 3, 4:errabas, Verres, et vehementer errabas,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 46, § 121;so with a repetition of the same word: hostis et hostis,
id. ib. 2, 2, 21, §51: tenetur, judices, et manifeste tenetur,
id. ib. 2, 3, 65, § 152; id. Cat. 3, 10; id. Deiot. 3; id. Mil. 23, 61 al.; Liv. 26, 13; Sen. de Clem. 15 et saep.:haec nostra ut exigua et minima contemnimus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 41, 127; cf. id. ib. 2, 10, 32:nulla enim nobis societas cum tyrannis, et potius summa distractio est,
id. Off. 3, 6, 32; cf.: cur eo non estis contenti? et cur id potius contenditis, quod? [p. 661] etc., id. Ac. 2, 17, 74:si te ipse et tuas cogitationes et studia perspexeris,
id. Fin. 2, 21, 69:omitto illa, quae relicta jam videntur, et Herillum, qui in cognitione et scientia summum bonum ponit,
id. Ac. 2, 42:Romani, quibus Poeni et Hannibal in cervicibus erat,
Just. 29, 3, 7:studiose ab his siderum magnitudines, intervalla, cursus anquirebantur et cuncta caelestia,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 4, 10:valde a Xenocrate et Aristotele et ab illa Platonis familia discreparet,
id. Leg. 1, 21, 55 et saep.:et appetendi et refugiendi et omnino rerum gerendarum initia proficiscuntur aut a voluptate aut a dolore,
Cic. Fin. 1, 12, 42. —To connect things similar or dissimilar after the words aeque, par, idem, similis, alius, etc. (more commonly atque, v. atque, I. 2.), as, than, and:C.nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,
Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67, v. aeque:omnia fuisse in Themistocle paria et in Coriolano,
Cic. Brut. 11, 43; cf.:nunc tu mihi es germanus pariter corpore et animo,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 34:Clodius eadem hora Interamnae fuerat et Romae,
Cic. Mil. 17 fin.; cf. Sall. C. 58, 11:haec eodem tempore Caesari referebantur, et legati veniebant, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 37, 1:similem sibi videri vitam hominum et mercatum eum, qui, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 9; cf.:neu simili forma et quom, etc.,
Lucr. 2, 416 and 420:nec ratione alia, et cum,
id. 1, 280:non enim alia causa est aequitatis in uno servo et in pluribus,
than, Cic. Caecin. 20, 57; id. Off. 2, 18; id. de Or. 3, 18, 66; id. Cael. 28 fin.; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 3:aliter doctos (loqui) et indoctos?
Cic. Fin. 5, 29 fin. —To connect two immediately successive points of time (only in poets and historians, esp. since the Aug. per.; cf. atque, II. C.), often to be rendered in English by when, and then: advenit, et navibu' complevit litora, Poeta ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31 fin.:D.dixit, et extemplo... sensit medios delapsus in hostes,
Verg. A. 2, 376:dixit (dixerat), et,
id. ib. 1, 402; 2, 705; 3, 258; Val. Fl. 1, 569; Stat. Th. 2, 120 al.; cf.:nec plura effatus et,
Verg. A. 8, 443:sic fatus et,
Stat. Th. 12, 773:nec longum tempus et ingens exiit arbos,
Verg. G. 2, 80; cf. Stat. Th. 7, 300; Plin. Ep. 5, 14, 8; Tac. H. 2, 95:vix prima inceperat aestas, Et pater Anchises dare fatis vela jubebat,
Verg. A. 3, 9; so,vix... et,
id. ib. 5, 858; 6, 498; Stat. Th. 2, 293; cf.:vixdum... et,
Liv. 43, 4, 10; cf.also: simul haec effatur, et, etc.,
Luc. 6, 246.—After an imperative, to subjoin the consequence of an action ( poet. and in postAug. prose), and then:E.dic quibus in terris, et eris mihi magnus Apollo,
Verg. E. 3, 104; Ov. Am. 2, 14, 44; Phaedr. 3, 5, 7; Luc. 4, 487; 2, 515; Sen. de Clem. 1, 16; Plin. Pan. 43, 3; 45, 6: sit mihi, quod nunc est, etiam minus;et mihi vivam Quod superest aevi,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 107.—To subjoin the minor proposition (assumptio or propositio minor) in a syllogism, now, but (cf. atque, II.):F.eorum, qui videntur, alia vera sunt, alia falsa: et quod falsum, id percipi non potest: nullum igitur est, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 13, 40; id. Tusc. 3, 4, 9; 5, 17; id. N. D. 3, 13, 33 al.—With an accessory affirmative notion, and in fact, and indeed, and truly, and so:G.multa me sollicitant... et sexcenta sunt, Cic. Att! 2, 19: et sunt illa sapientis,
id. Tusc. 3, 8 fin.; id. Leg. 2, 3, 7:et erat, ut retuli, clementior,
Tac. A. 2, 57: jam pridem a me illos abducere Thestylis orat;Et faciet, quoniam sordent tibi munera nostra,
Verg. E. 2, 44 et saep.:estne ille noster Parmeno? et certe ipsus est,
Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 4;with certe,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 53;with hercle,
Cic. Brut. 72; id. Fin. 2, 8; id. Fam. 2, 18, 2.—To subjoin an emphatic question or exclamation:H.et sunt qui de via Appia querantur, taceant de curia?
Cic. Mil. 33, 91; id. Sest. 39, 80; id. Clu. 40, 111; id. Phil. 1, 8 et saep.; Verg. G. 2, 433; id. A. 1, 48; Ov. M. 13, 338 al.:et his tot criminibus testimoniisque convictus in eorum tabella spem sibi aliquam proponit, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16 fin.; id. Mil. 12 fin.; Plin. Pan. 28, 6; Flor. 4, 2, 89.—Esp. with quisquam:et quisquam dubitabit quin, etc.,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 14, 42 Matthiae; Ov. Am. 3, 8, 1 al.—To connect an idea as either homogeneous or complementary to that which precedes, and so too, and also, and moreover, and at the same time; too, also, likewise (hence, often in Liv., Curt., and late Lat., rarely in Cic., = etiam; cf. Anton. Stud. pp. 26-69;I.Krebs, Antibarb. p. 420): Terentia te maxime diligit salutemque tibi plurimam ascribit, et Tulliola, deliciae nostrae,
Cic. Att. 1, 5 fin.: Ge. Salvus sis. Di. Et tu salve, Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 44; id. Trin. 1, 2, 11; id. Mil. 4, 8, 42; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 122;for which: salve et tu,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 42; v. the foll.:haec ipsa mihi sunt voluptati: et erant illa Torquatis,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:ubi tunc eras? Romae. Verum quid ad rem? et alii multi,
id. Rosc. Am. 33, 92; cf.ib. § 94: et illud videndum quanto magis homines mala fugiant,
id. Part. 26:et mihi sunt vires, et mihi facta tuba'st!
Tib. 2, 6, 10; cf. Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 83:nihil verius. Probe et ille,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 34, 73; so,et ille,
id. ib. 3, 13 fin.:et ipse,
id. Caecin. 20 fin.; so id. de Or. 1, 46, 202; Liv. 1, 12; 6, 3; 41, 24 et saep.; cf.:simul et ille,
Cic. Clu. 4, 10; 17, 48; 57, 155; id. Verr. 2, 5, 1:simul et iste,
id. ib. 2, 1, 41; Sall. J. 20, 1 et saep.:et nunc ego amore pereo,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 14; so,et nunc,
id. Curc. 4, 2, 7; Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40; id. Fam. 13, 54, 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 13 fin.;for which: nunc et,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 11; cf.:nonnumquam et,
Caes. B. G. 1, 15, 3:sunt et,
Cic. Top. 6; Verg. A. 9, 136:meruit et,
Suet. Caes. 3 et saep.:quoniam formam cepi hujus in me et statum, Decet et facta moresque hujus habere me similes item,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 111:nam et qui parat pecus, necesse est constituat numerum, etc.,
Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 24: so,nam et,
Cic. Leg. 1, 11; 2, 25, 63; id. de Or. 1, 25; id. Off. 1, 40, 142; Liv. 6, 19 al.; cf.:at et,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 3:sed et,
id. Att. 5, 10 fin.; Quint. 10, 1, 107;and with a preceding non modo or non solum (post-Aug.),
Tac. G. 15, 35; id. A. 14, 39; Suet. Aug. 89 et saep.; cf.:et... non = ne... quidem, ego vero et in ipsa suffocatione non desii, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 54, 3:ergo et,
Cic. Fin. 3, 8, 27; id. Leg. 1, 12, 33; id. Div. 1, 50, 114:itaque et,
id. Tusc. 3, 26, 63 et saep.—When repeated, et... et, it serves, like the Gr. kai... kai or te kai, to connect two ideas partitively, both... and, as well... as, not only... but also:2.hoc etiam ad malum accersebatur malum, Et discipulus et magister perhibebantur improbi,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 23; 4, 8, 45:et audax et malus,
id. ib. 4, 9, 25:eloquere utrumque nobis, et quid tibi est, et quid velis nostram operam,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 59:ut et severitas adhibeatur et contumelia repellatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:dimitto (puerum), et ut a magistris ne abducam et quod mater discedit,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 9 fin.:non et legatum argentum est et non est legata numerata pecunia,
id. Top. 13 et saep. More than twice:quo facilius et hujus hominis innocentissimi miserias et illorum audaciam cognoscere possitis et rei publicae calamitatem,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 5 fin.;so three times,
id. Att. 12, 4, 2; id. Q. Fr. 3, 9 fin. et saep.;six times,
Cic. Fam. 13, 25;ten times,
id. de Or. 1, 20, 90.—With a subordinate que or atque:nam et semper me coluit diligentissimeque observavit et a studiis nostris non abhorret,
Cic. Fam. 13, 22;with atque,
id. de Or. 1, 21, 95.—Et... que are sometimes used for et... et (rarely in Cic.;freq. in Liv. and post-Aug. writers): quis est quin intellegat et eos inmemores fuisse, nosque honestate duci?
Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 64; id. Brut. 88, 302:id et singulis universisque semper honori fuisse,
Liv. 4, 2; 5, 46 fin.; 24, 2 fin.; 32, 32 fin.; Tac. Agr. 2 fin.; Suet. Ner. 33 al.—Sometimes the second et subjoins a more weighty assertion; in which case et... et = cum... tum, not only... but also:homo et in aliis causis exercitatus et in hac multum et saepe versatus,
Cic. Quint. 1, 3; id. Fat. 1, 2; id. de Or. 1, 9, 38; id. Off. 2, 11, 38.—Et... neque or neque... et, when one clause is a negative (but et... et non, et non... et, when only one word is negatived):K.ego vero et exspectabo ea quae polliceris neque exigam, nisi tuo commodo,
Cic. Brut. 4 fin.:ego si et Silius is fuerit, quem tu putas nec Drusus facilem se praebuerit, Damasippum velim aggrediare,
id. Att. 12, 33:cui quidem ita sunt Stoici assensi, ut et, quicquid honestum esset, id utile esse censerent, nec utile quicquam, quod non honestum,
id. Off. 3, 3, 11: pueris nobis Cn. Aufidius praetorius et in senatu sententiam dicebat nec amicis deliberantibus deerat et Graecam scribebat historiam et videbat in litteris, id. Tusc. 5, 38 fin.:quia et consul aberat... nec, etc.,
Liv. 22, 8 et saep.:nec miror et gaudeo,
Cic. Fam. 10, 1 fin.:nam nec in eo jus cognationis servavit, cui ademit regnum, et eum, cui dedit, etc.,
Just. 8, 6 fin.:id et nobis erit perjucundum et tibi non sane devium,
Cic. Att. 2, 4 fin.:locus is melior, quem et non coquit sol et tangit ros,
Varr. R. R. 3, 14.—Rarely neque... et = non quidem... sed: amicitias neque facile admisit et constantissime retinuit,
Suet. Aug. 66.—Less freq., tum... et, et... tum, in the same sense:omnis ejus oratio tum in virtute laudanda et in hominibus ad virtutis studium cohortandis consumebatur,
Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 16:et in ceteris eloquentiae partibus, tum maxime in celeritate et continuatione verborum adhaerescens, etc.,
id. Brut. 93, 320. See Hand Turs. II. pp. 467-540.
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If We Could Only See Us Now — Infobox Album | Name = If We Could Only See Us Now Type = Compilation Longtype = DVD Artist = Thrice Released = March 29 2005 Genre = Rock, post hardcore, alternative rock Length = 29:51 Label = Island Reviews = * Allmusic Rating|3.5|5… … Wikipedia
If We Could Only See Us Now — est un coffret, paru en 2005, qui comprend un disque compact contenant des chansons inédites ainsi qu un DVD renfermant un documentaire qui relate l histoire de Thrice, des vidéos du groupe en spectacle ainsi que quelques vidéos promotionnelles.… … Wikipédia en Français
Can't You See That She's Mine — was the fourth single released in the United States by the Dave Clark Five. Written by Dave Clark and Mike Smith, it reached #4 on the Billboard 100 charts for the week of July 18, 1964. (1) The song is somewhat unusual for British Invasion bands … Wikipedia
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Only Girl (In the World) — Only Girl (In the World) … Wikipedia
Only (Nine Inch Nails song) — Only Single by Nine Inch Nails from the album With Teeth Released July 25, 2005 … Wikipedia
Only Built 4 Cuban Linx... — Only Built 4 Cuban Linx... Studio album by Raekwon Released August 1, 1995 … Wikipedia
That's So Suite Life of Hannah Montana — That s So Raven The Suite Life of Zack Cody Hannah Montana episode DVD cover Episode no … Wikipedia
Only a Poor Old Man — Story code W OS 386 02 Story Carl Barks Ink Carl Barks Date September 27, 19 … Wikipedia
Only Revolutions (album) — Only Revolutions Studio album by Biffy Clyro Released 9 November 2009 … Wikipedia
Only Words (book) — Only Words Author(s) Catharine MacKinnon … Wikipedia
